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Sports Engineering Past and Present Dr Steve Haake Sports Engineering Research Group, Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Mappin St., Sheffield, S10 1FD steve.haake@sheffield.ac.uk Keywords: Sports engineering, Tennis, Modelling, Impact.
This paper aims to define sports engineering through the use of historical and contemporary examples.
Use of the models shows that further advances in racquet technology using stiffer and lighter materials are unlikely to speed the game up.
Introduction What is sports engineering and technology?
The Engineering of Sport, Ed.

DEM Simulation of Micro-Macro Mechanical Behaviour of Granular Materials Chi Lu-lu 1, a, Qin Jian-min2,b* and Chen Xue-feng1,c 1 Research and Development Center of the Civil Engineering Technology, Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning 116622, China 2 Department of Engineering Mechanics, State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P.
Introduction Granular materials are encountered widely in nature and engineering.
Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2000, 22, 701-704
Journal of Civil Engineering, 2008, 36, 87-96
Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering, 2008, 4, 499-503

The eroding of chloride ions has clearly debased security of laterite engineering.
Introduction Laterite, also called red clay or carbonate rock weathering crust, which is used as the main material in earth dam reinforcement for a long time for its good engineering properties, is widely distributed in Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi and southwest regions in China.
Above all, silicon dioxide, ferric and aluminum oxides which act as the main viscous substances in laterite have high strength, which is the key for laterite to be used as good material in dam construction.
The engineering properties and geotechnical engineering problems of red clay in Yunnan[J].
Higher engineering geology[M].

During the recent years, there are some new optoelectronic materials which have been developed for using in apparel design, such as optical fiber, LED yarn, colored solar cell, etc. [1-5] The apparels using optoelectronic components have been an important issue for research.
Huang [11] used the theory of inventive problem solving (TRIZ) to design a kind of apparel with function of kinesiology, including material, style and tailoring.
However, these opportunities should be confirmed before implementation, i.e. the key design issues are needed to be verified the correctness.
In this study, the Delphi method was used for verification of key design themes.
Table 1 The statistic result of key design factors Category Key Design Issue Male Female Total Medical and Engineering Art and Social Science Subtotal Medical and Engineering Art and Social Science Subtotal Practicality 2 2 2 Aesthetics 1 1 3 3 6 7 Portability 1 1 2 2 3 Washability 1 1 2 2 4 5 Multifunction 4 3 7 1 1 8 Composability 2 2 4 1 1 5 The Likert-Scale five-point measure questionnaire with key design themes were sent to five experts for grading.

Application of X-CT technology in the microstructure analysis of cement-based materials Ping Zhang 1,a, Honggen Qin 1,b, Keshu Wan 1,c, Chaoming Pang 1,d, Wei Sun 1,e, Weiling Zhou 2, f 1 School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Civil Engineering Material, Nanjing, 211189, PR China 2 State Key Laboratory of High Performance Civil Engineering Materials, Jiangsu Academy of Builing Science Co., LTD., Nanjing 210008, China azhang-ping@seu.edu.cn, b qinhonggen@seu.edu.cn, ckeshuwan@seu.edu.cn, dpangchao@seu.edu.cn, esunwei@seu.edu.cn, fzhouweiling@cnjsjk.cn Key words: X-CT technology; Pore structure; Gray value; Cement-based materials Abstract: Based on the small density changes of each phases, the defects and morphology of cement-based materials can be observed with the X-ray computed tomography (X-CT).
The application of X-CT technology in the cement-based materials was reviewed in this paper.
Introduction Concrete is non homogeneous materials with complex micro and macro structure.
Conclusions X-CT technology plays an important role in the microstructure analysis of cement-based materials.
Acknowledgements This work was financially supported by National Basic Research Program (973) of China (No. 2009CB623200), Open Foundation program of State Key Laboratory of High Performance Civil Engineering Materials ((2010CEM010)) and The New Teacher Induction Program - Ministry of Education (200802861029).

Analysis On The Use of Building Materials In Villas of Mount Lu Xiaoqiong Li1, a, Leirong Zou2, b 1 Civil Engineering and Construction Institute of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, Jiangxi Province, China, 332005 2 Civil Engineering and Construction Institute of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, Jiangxi Province, China, 332005 atm_lixiaoqiong@jju.edu.cn;bzou_dingding@126.com Keywords: Construction materials, Mount Lu, Villas Abstract.
In this paper, Mount Lu villas are the main research object, types of construction material and key use were analyzed.
Besides stone, building materials of Mount Lu villas also include metal tile, flashing, brick
Analysis of building materials used in key parts of villas in the Mount Lu (1) Base It is also called foundation.
Cross hollow masonry structure of these materials cover the above space, enclose the walls and support the roof.

‘Theory and Practice Together’ in American Engineering Education Chunhui Lu School of Mechanical-Electronic Engineering 200 Jinling Beilu Road, Hohai University, Changzhou, China chunhuill@yeah.net Key Words: Engineering education, Theory and practice together Abstract.
Engineering students must do some projects which near facts.
So students buy and cut materials by themselves to put a product on display.
American engineering education is ‘Theory and Practice Together’.
Engineering students training in America is advanced.

In the teaching reform including investigative study and the integration of information technology, is generally accepted that the integration of information technology with curriculum strategy are: optimizing the course structure of space and time, innovation course materials, course materials bag is mainly composed of electronic schoolbag, local curriculum material storage, remote material storage and teaching platform.
And based on the supporting materials, many schools draw lessons from foreign experience, to fixed teaching material in the form of notes, reduce practice principle part, don't write practical steps, mainly is the question for higher College of Engineering students to solve.
Open practice teaching emphasizes the subjectivity of the engineering students in higher College of Engineering, thus more conducive to excavate the potential of engineering students in higher College of Engineering to meet the psychological needs of engineering students in College of Engineering.
The correct way to learn is to make higher College of Engineering students "creation", also is the engineering students in College of Engineering I have to learn the knowledge discover or created.
Emotions in the field of practice teaching goal: higher College of Engineering students in practice attitude, interests, habits; Higher College of Engineering students and teachers, the engineering students in College of Engineering and emotional communication between engineering students in higher College of Engineering: the cultivation of the scientific spirit, etc. all belong to feelings.

Plastic mould design optimization method research based on the reverse engineering technology Hengya Guo RE Research Center of Zhejiang Industry Polytechnic College, Shaoxing 312000, Zhejiang，China guohengya@yahoo.cn Keywords: Reverse engineering, Plastic mould, Design optimization, CAD technology Abstract.Reverse engineering technology has been rapid development in complex product manufacturing sector because of its high efficiency and precision,etc.
Fig. 1 Forward engineering flow chart Fig. 2 Reverse engineering flow chart Reverse Engineering refers to measure the existing physical model or parts, then reconstruct out physical CAD model according to the survey data.
Reverse engineering technology Reverse engineering technology provide a good technical support for rapid design and manufacturing. it has become an important and concise manufacturing information transitive way, and is a valid tool to realize the advanced concept of concurrent engineering to help engineers, because it helps to shorten the design to manufacturing dominant; at the same time, the reverse engineering is the research in a technology.
The data show that, reverse engineering can shorten the product design and manufacture of the life cycle of more than 40%.
Fig. 7 Mould core Fig. 8 Mold cavity Conclusions The article mainly discusses the key technology of reverse engineering and mould optimization design.

Introduction Scaffolds for tissue engineering are the key to repair the defect of human tissues and organs.
According to the theory of interaction between cells and materials, wherein the adhesion of cells and material is a base [4], the suitable adhesion must occur before the migration, differentiation and proliferation [5].
The GE/CA-PCL scaffold is an ideal scaffold used for bone tissue engineering.
Current progress of fabricating tissue engineering scaffold using rapid prototyping techniques, J.
[6] Liu ZR, Chen DL, Application progress of polycaprolactone in tissue engineering, J.