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Tensile Properties of GFRP Bars after Exposure to Harsh Laboratory and Field Environmental Conditions Saleh Alsayeda, Tarek Almusallam b, Yousef Al-Salloumc and Sherif El-Gamal d Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, King Saud University, P.O.
El-Gamal, E.F.
El-Salakawy and B.
Al-Salloum, S.

Kim et al. reported that they could obtain Al 6061 alloy of ECAP deformed at warm temperature (120℃), and recrystallized fine grains after aging at 100℃ [7].
They are lower than those of Al 6061-T6 in the Al standard specification.
(MPa) El. (%) Remarks 1.0 162 103 32 Hi-speed solution treated after ECAR at 440℃ 1.0 163 105 30 (b) Aged Thickness (㎜) U.T.S.
(MPa) El. (%) Remarks 1.0 300 259 10 Aged at 160℃ for 18 hours 1.0 319 274 10.6 (a) (b) Fig. 4.
Microstructures of Al 6061 alloy.

The materials include Al 7075-T651, Ti and Al ZL102 for their comprehensive property and low density.
References [1] E.L.
Vol. 52 (1947), p. 132 [3] E.L.
Lambert, et al: Int.
Lambert, et al: Int.

El-Rayes et al.[9] found that 100 % overlapping of FSP lead dynamic recrystallization with equiaxed grains as number of passes of FSP are increased in case of Al alloy 6082.
Fig. 5 Tensile strength of (Al-1) Single pass FSP, (Al-2) Two pass FSP and (Al-3) Double sided FSP Fig: 6 Elongation of (Al-1) Single pass FSP, (Al-2) Two pass FSP and (Al-3) Double sided FSP Summary Friction stir processing with multi-pass concept with different processing pass conditions was performed.
Al-Fadhalah, A.
El-Rayes, E.
El-Danaf, The influence of multi-pass friction stir processing on the microstructural and mechanical properties of Aluminum Alloy 6082, J.

., νQ(x,T) = νQ latt(x,T)(1 - γ) + νQ el (x,T)
Nowik, et al., Phys.
Sarrao, et al., Phys.
Mushnikov, et al., J.
Mito, et al., Phys.

The regression equations for the tensile elongation and minimum creep strain rate are expressed as follows: El=D1+D2VFEα+iAici, (1) Logε=D3+D4T+D5Logσ+D6VFEα+iBici, (2) where El is the tensile elongation at room temperature in percent, ε is the minimum creep strain rate in per second, D1 and D3 are the intercepts, VFEα is the volume fraction of equiaxed α in percent, T is the temperature in Kelvin, and σ is the stress in MPa.
As the Al equivalence increased, the elongation of the TKT alloys decreased, especially between Al equivalences of 8 and 10.
Al, Sn, and Ga are known to form the D019 structure in binary systems of Ti–X (X = Al, Sn, Ga), e.g., Ti3Al in the Ti–Al system, Ti3Sn in the Ti–Sn system, and Ti3Ga in the Ti–Ga system [7, 10–12].
The Al equivalent value of TKT20 is 10.
Venkatesh, A.L.

El.
El.
Favier, et al., "Nanocomposite Materials from Latex and Cellulose Whiskers," Polymers for Advanced Technologies, vol. 6, pp. 351-355, 1995
Li, et al., "Cellulose whiskers extracted from mulberry: A novel biomass production," Carbohydrate Polymers, vol. 76, pp. 94-99, 2009
Giesen, et al., Mangrove Guidebook for Southeast Asia.

Famous deposits of blue amber are located along the Atlantic coast of Central America, the largest of which is exploited at the El Cacao Mine, Dominican Republic [1].
Another well-studied deposit containing both common and blue amber varieties of Albian age was described at the El Soplao site, northern Spain [3-4].
Menor-Salvan et al., Terpenoids in extracts of Lower Cretaceous ambers from the Basque-Cantabrian Basin (El Soplao, Cantabria, Spain): Paleochemotaxonomic aspects.
Gomez. nusual concentration of Early Albian arthropod-bearing amber in the Basque-Cantabrian Basin (El Soplao, Cantabria, Northern Spain): Palaeoenvironmental and palaeobiological implications.

Many scholars abroad researched on the fatigue of the girders with corrugated webs and had carried on the beneficial achievement[1]:studies on the behaviour of corrugated steel decks by Bryan and El-Dakhakhni [2] and corrugated light-gauge partitions by El-Dakhakhni [3] were reported.
Studies were conducted in Britain by Harrison [11], in Hungary by Korashy and Varga [12], in Sweden by Bergfelt and Liva-Aravena [13], and in Germany by Lindner and Aschinger [14] and Scheer et al. [15].
References [1] Sherif A.Ibrahim, Wael W.El-Dakhakhni,Mohamed Elgaaly: Behavior of bridge girders with corrugated webs under monotonic and cyclic loading.
Engineering Structures 28(2006)1941-1955 [2] El-Dakhakhni WM.

Loto et al., Abd El-Aziz et al., R.A.
R et al., E. oparaku et al., K.
El Bribri, M.
El Attari, F.
[20] Abd El-Aziz S.