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During the reverse scan, the produced oxide is reduced in the potential range of 0 to -0.4 V versus Ag/AgCl, the typical maxima for Pt and Pd-based materials.
Acknowledgement The author would like to thank Nippon Sheet Glass Foundation for Materials Science and Engineering (Grant No. 6501073) and USM Short Term Grant (Grant No. 6315379) for funding this research.
Review on nanoparticles and nanostructured materials: history, sources, toxicity and regulations.
Synthesis and Characterization of Carbon Supported Pd and PtPd Catalysts for DMFCs BT - Functionalized Nanoscale Materials, Devices and Systems, Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht; 2008, p. 445–8
Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry, 572 (2004) 119–128, 2004.

Experimental Section Materials.
Science, 2013, 341(6142): 154-157
ACS applied materials & interfaces, 2015, 7(12): 6412-6416
ACS applied materials & interfaces, 2016, 8(40): 27199-27206
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 2020, 12(18): 20933-20941

Gjestland, Characterization of the surface films formed on molten magnesium in different protective atmospheres, Materials Science and Engineering A 332 (2002) 285-294
Lai, Double oxide film defects in cast magnesium alloy, Metallurgical and Materials Transactions 38(1) (2007) 190-196
Czerwinski, The reactive element effect on high temperature oxidation of magnesium, International Materials Reviews, p.
%Ca and AZ31 + 0.3%CaO, Corrosion Science, p. doi.org/10.1016/jcorrsci.2013.01.036, 2013
Ding, Study of interfacial tension and flammability of Mg-Ca-Ce alloy melt, Advanced Materials Research 418-420 (2012) 383-386

The use of new materials and especially fibre reinforced composites makes health monitoring still more important.
Such materials can loose up to 60% of their stiffness and still look unchanged from outside.
Trendafilova: Key Engineering materials, Proceedings of the VI-th International Conference DAMAS 2005, p.321 [6] I.
Trendafilova: Applied Mechanics and Materials, vol. 3&4, Advances in Experimental Mechanics IV, p.309 [7] B.Lazarov and I.Trendafilova: Structural Health Monitoring 2004, Proc. of the II European Workshop, p.76 [8] K.
Allman: Journal of Sound and Vibration 2003, 259(2), p.323 [9] J.Tou and R.Gozales, Pattern Recognition Principles, Applied Mathematics and Computation Series, Addison-Wesley Publ., 1974 [10] I.

Study of Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Hot-Rolled Ultra-High Strength Ferrite-Bainite Dual Phase Steel LI Zhuang1,a*, Lv Wei 2,b 1School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang 110136, Liaoning, China 2Land and resources department, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang 110136, Liaoning, China aLizhuang20047@163.com, blw4488@sina.com Keywords: Ultra-high strength ferrite-bainite dual phase steel; fast cooling; low temperature rolling; finish rolling temperature Abstract.
Dual-phase (DP) steel is the flagship of AHSS since it enables use of less material to accomplish more performance, e.g., low yield strength, high work hardening rate, and high uniform elongation [13, 14].
Materials Science and Technology 33 (4) (2017) 497-506
Materials Characterization, 123 (2017) 29-41
Journal of Manufacturing Processes 27 (2017) 226-232

In the design of TCC flooring systems, the concrete topping is in compression and the area in tension is replaced with timber to utilize the strength and stiffness of both materials for greatest advantage.
The material properties of the LVL web and flange elements were determined by conducting a number of bending, shear, compression and tension tests in the material testing laboratories of UTS.
Pault, Composite action in glulam timber bridge systems, Master of Science Thesis, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, USA, 1977
Balogh, Composite wood-concrete beams using utility poles: Time-dependent behaviour, Journal of Structural Engineering, 137(6) (2011) 625-634
Journal of Sound and Vibration, 252(2) (2002) 223-238

The Effect of Silver Ion Catalysis on Bioleaching of Chalcopyrite Tailings Jin Liu1 , Dongwei Li1,2,3, a , Shaojian Zhang1, Dou Li1 , Lin Yu4 1College of Resource and Environmental Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing,400044, P.R.China; 2 The Key Laboratory for coal mine disaster dynamics and control, Chongqing,400044, P.R.China; 3State and local joint Engineering laboratory of Methane Drainage in Complex Coal Gas seam, Chongqing University,Chongqing,400044, P.R.China; 4City College of Science and Technology, Chongqing University, Chongqing,400044, P.R.China a litonwei@cqu.edu.cn Keywords: chalcopyrite tailing; bioleaching; silver ion catalysis; copper extraction Abstract.The bioleaching effect of different concentrations of silver ion catalysis on chalcopyrite tailings has been investigated in shaking flasks.
Materials and methods Ore sample.
This is because the composition of the tailing was complex, the existence of acid-consuming materials such as carbonate elevated the pH.
Acknowledgements The research reported in this paper has been funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51074199) .The authors thank very much the reviewers for their constructive comments that improved the paper.
A., Vaghar, R., Oliazadeh, M.: International Journal of Mineral Processing Vol. 81 (2006), p. 105-112 [9] Hongxu Li, Dingzuo Wang: Nonferrous Metals Vol. 55 (2003), p. 81-85 [10] Yunker SB, Radovich JM: Biotechnology and Bioengineering Vol. 28 (1986), p. 1867-1875 [11] RC Blaker, GT Howard, S Mcginness: Applied and Environmental Microbiology Vol. 60 (1994), p. 2704-2710 [12] Decheng Zhang, Ping Ma, Xuegang Luo: Rare Metals Letters Vol. 27 (2008), p. 37-41

The material balance and energy balance calculation of the new process will be carried out.
Table 1 Material balance and heat balance results of the new process Point No.
From the material and heat balance results shown in Table 1, some analysis can be done.
Ptasinski: South African Journal of Chemical, Vol. 13 (2001) No. 2, p.1
Yao: Principles of Chemical Engineering (Tianjin Science and Technology Press, Tianjin 1987).

The primary and secondary analysis of uncertain factors in soil thermal properties for GSHP Yi Wanga, Guomin Shenb School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, P.
At first, geometric mean model can be applied to calculate the effective thermal conductivities for unsaturated and saturated soil around the GHE, which can guarantee the results between lower and upper bound; then consider unsaturated and saturated soil as single-phase materials, as the arrangement is parallel to the direction of heat flux, parallel model can be applied to calculate the overall effective soil thermal conductivity.
For saturated soil, the pore space is filled with liquid phase material.
Acknowledgements We are grateful for the supports provided by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.51078160).
Journal of Refrigeration, 2010, 31(2): 11-16

As a primary raw material - some kinds of strip steel are used by some important industries, such as military affairs, aviation and spaceflight, shipbuilding industry; it also has been used extensively in many other fields of people living product, for example, automotive and electronics industries and so on.
When received indent, enterprises make material quality plan by material requirements of consumer, including quality standard of product surface, bringing forward different process criterion, prescribing different parameter of production control and demand of performance detection.
Because of the steel enterprise's ever-present defects and defect rang of our lab system of defects inspection on-line to inspect defects, there are ten kinds of defects confirmed to assessing grade, including Scratch Strip (Fig.1), Holes (Fig.2), Roll Marks (Fig.3), Pits (Fig.4), Mixed Material (Fig.5), Blisters (Fig.6), Shell, Extraneous Matter Roll-in, Crack, Scabs.
But because defects of "Holes, Crack, Mixed Material, Blisters" influence product use badly, they are defined as key defects.
Acknowledgment The acknowledgement for Major Former Basic Research Project of the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China (No. 2003CCA03900) and Joint Fund of Iron and Steel Research Founded by The Natural Science Fund of China and Shanghai Baosteel Group Corporation (NO.50574019).