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As the versatility of Rykalin series mathematical models, carbon steel, stainless steel, titanium and other different metal materials' welding heat cycle curve can adopt these methods, the methods have great practicality
As for thin-sheet material, we could choose Hannerz, Rykalin2-D, Rosenthal mathematical model.
While the thick-sheet material, we should choose Rykalin3-D mathematical model.
[3] Ferguson H S, Chen W C: Development of Gleeble System and ITS Applications, edited by Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology, 1996, p. 12-14
[4] Lenard J G, Pietrzyk M, Cser L: Mathematical and Physical Simulation of the Properties of Hot Rolled Products, edited by Oxford: Elsevier Science Ltd.

Poole 1,b 1 The University of British Columbia, Department of Materials Engineering 309-6350 Stores Road, Vancouver, B.C, V6T 1Z4, Canada a mazinani@interchange.ubc.ca, bwarren.poole@ubc.ca Keywords: Deformation behaviour, martensite, tensile properties, dual-phase steel, fracture stress and strain, microstructure, fracture properties.
Experimental Procedure A cold-rolled (55%) low-carbon steel with a microstructure consisting of banded pearlite (8-10%) embedded in a ferrite matrix was used as the starting material.
[4] H-C Chen, G-H Cheng, Journal of Materials Science, Vol. 24, No. 6 (1989), pp. 1991-1994
Gladman, Metal Science (1981), pp. 95-108
El-Baradie, Materials Letters, Vol. 57, No. 3 (2002), pp. 580-585

Traditional river side-slope protection technologies are tend to emphasize the river flood control, water diversion, drainage, water storage, shipping, etc., so the side-slope protecting works are usually constructed by use of rigid hard materials such as slurry masonry or concrete.
Therefore, neither of the methods (that is, to use rigid material or decrease slope coefficient) is ideal.
Therefore, the eco-engineering measures which take plant as main engineering material have a good application prospect.
Materials and Methods Basic Situation of Experimental Rivers.
[4] Guangqi Zhao, Xinhong Cui, Shucheng Feng, Fei Shao, Huasong Bi: Journal of Soil and Water Conservation Vol. 21 (2007), p. 60-64, in Chinese

Introduction Laser direct metal deposition (DMD) is more and more envisaged for rapid freeform fabrication of fully dense or controlled porosity metallic materials, directly starting from computer-aided design drawings.
Additional investigations on 316L stainless steel have also been carried out to identify the material contribution.
A helicoïdal powder nozzle was used, where the powder material (45 µm -75 µm average grain size) is delivered coaxially with the laser beam, resulting in a dp ≈ 2 mm powder focus diameter, and with average mass feed rates Dm in the 1 g/min to 3 g/min regime.
Future investigations will consider systematically the correspondence between melt-pool volumes and aspect ratios, and resulting surface topographies, on Ti6Al4V and 316L steel, in order to (1) propose a material-dependent phenomenological model, and, in a second step (2) to be able to predict analytically surface finish.
References [1] A.Pinkerton, L.Li, Applied Surface Science, 208-209 (2003), 411-416 [2] S.H.Mok, GJ.Bi and J.Folkes, Surface & Coatings Technology, 202 (16), (2008), 3933-3941 [3] P.Peyre, R.Neveu, P.Aubry, R.Fabbro & A.Longuet, J.Phys D:Applied Physics, 41 (2008) [4] J.Maisonneuve, C.Colin, P.Aubry, in Matériaux 2006 Conference, 13-17 Nov 2006, Dijon (Fr) [5] A.Kumar, S.Roy, Computational Materials Science, 46 (2009), 495-506 [6] S.Morville et al., in COMSOL Multiphysics 2010 User’s Conference, Paris (Oct 2010) [7] L.Lavisse, D.Grevey and A.B.Vannes, Surface & Coatings Technology, (2002), 100-101 [8] S.Zekovic et al., International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacturing, 47 (2007), 112-123

Introduction Mineral resources are nonrenewable and indispensable material base for human society to survive and develop.
It was relatively late for China to start the study of utilization of tailings, but we have been developing at a rapid pace, esp. in recent years, and have made encouraging achievements in the fields of reclamation of valuable components, manufacturing of architectural materials and soil conditioner using tailings as material [6-10].
It can also act as a flotation dispersant, especially for the materials with high content of slimes.
Wang, Status quo and suggestions on comprehensively utilizing mining tailings at home and abroad, Journal of Qingdao Institute of Architecture and Engineering. 4(2001)84-87
Lu, The state and prospects for copper tailings as resources, Journal of Nantong institute of technology (natural science). 4(2004)60-62

The unbalance of interelectrode gap and the unbalance distribution of electric field lead to the unbalance of current density distribution, resulting in the non-uniform material removal of anode.
Table 1 Selected range experimental parameters Interelectrode gap δ [mm] Main components of Electrolyte Electrolyte flowing rate q [m 3/s] Workpiece rotate speed n [r/min] Current density i [A/cm2 ] Processing time T [min] Grit size ω[#] 0.1~0.8 NaNO3 1~20 120~380 20~80 1~2 600~2000 Table 2 Tool and workpiece conditions Workpiece Anode Tool Cathode Workpiece materials Size [mm] Initial surface Materials Processing area [mm2] GCr15 Ф110×26 Ra0.5~0.6µm,HRC58 Cu 26×8 In order to assess the effect of machining factors, the Taguchi method L16 (45) is constructed and the main and interaction effect of factors are estimated by conducting 16 orthogonal experiments.
Acknowledgement The authors are grateful to the financial aid to this projects supplied by Dalian Science and Technology Project Foundation under the contract 2003A1GX061.
Jiang: Journal of Materials Processing Technology 145 (2004), pp.233
Zhou: Journal of Foshan University (Natural Science Edition) Vol.24 (3) (2006), pp.11.

The cement industry has provided necessary building materials supply for national infrastructure construction and the development of new urban and rural integration.
As the most energy-consuming industry in building materials, cement industry accounted for about 56% of energy consumption in building materials industry [2], and electricity and coal were the main energy sources in cement production. 73.99 million tce (tons of standard coal equivalent [3]) was consumed by cement industry in 2000, further increased to 170.12 million tce in 2010.
China Building Materials Industry Press, 2017
Analysis of the social and economic benefits of the implementation of energy consumption standards in the building materials industry[J].
Journal of Science and Technology Innovation, 2009 (33): 199+201

Having considered possible hazardous energy and materials and person’s faults, objects’ failure and environmental factors, we can develop the BN model for open press blunt accident as showed in Fig. 1.
[5] Wenying Chen, Qiong Wu, Yongyi Wang: CHINA Safety Science Journal, vol. 20, pp:77-84, January 2010.
(in Chinese) [6] Lianwen Zhang, Introduction to Bayesian Network [M].Beijing: Science Press, 2006,pp:3-29.

Fu1, f 1 State key laboratory of solidification processing of Northwestern polytechnical university, Shannxi, Xi’an, 710072, China 2 Department of material science and engineering，Zhejiang university, Zhejiang, Hangzhou 310027, China 3 Ningbo branch of China academy of ordnance science, Zhejiang, Ningbo 315103, China 4 National key laboratory of armor and anti-armor material technology, Zhejiang, Ningbo 315103, China a zmmchp@yahoo.com.cn, b zhjscott@nwpu.edu.cn Keywords: melt overheating history; Ni-base single crystal superalloy; dendrite structure; γ' phase Abstract.
Du: Journal of Iron and Steel Research (International).

These five indicators mainly reflect the effective management of the production field including personnel, machinery, materials, methods, and other factors of production.
Science﹠Technology Progress and Policy.
Journal of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management, Vol. 4 (2011), p. 26-27
Science Research Management.