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Nowadays, there is a large variety of the unique properties of nano-objects which can be used in the design and development of new materials.
The kinetics of disorder in the two-dimensional model of the alloy, Russian Physics Journal. 1997.
Investigation of the processes of atomic reconstruction in the nanofiber Ni3Al alloy subjected to uniaxial tensile strain in the <110>, Fundamental’nye problemy sovremennogo materalovedenia (Basic Problems of Material Science (BPMS)). 2009. - Vol. 6, № 1.
The study of structural transformations in the alloy Ni3Al under the influence of uniaxial tensile deformation, Deformation and fracture of materials. 2009. - № 6. - PP. 28-31.

The last step is to define the material properties and boundary conditions.
The material properties are defined as functions of temperature, as briefly listed in Table 1[8].
Table 1 Materials properties Component Material Density [kg/m3] Thermal conductivity [W/(m·K)] Cp [J/(kg·K)] Recant gas Hydrogen Incompressible- ideal-gas 0.1672[RT] 1.09[2400°C] 14283[RT] 17794[2400 °C] Tools WC-Co[RT] 14600 35 130 Filaments Tantalum[2200 °C] 15500 63 185 Holder Graphite[RT] 2090 129 710 Worktable Copper 8979[RT] 388[RT] 347[1000 °C] 381[RT] 520.9[1000 °C] RT— Room temperature.
Acknowledgements This research is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51275305, No.51005154).
Zuo: Journal of Synthetic Crystals .

Analysis on Phases and Grain Evolution of TC4 Ti-alloy in Hot Forming in Time and Space Based on Deform-3D Guohui Quan 1, a *, Xuyong Zhao2,b 1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou Technical College, Zhengzhou (450121), China. 2Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou (450011), China.
The relationship between dynamic recrystallization volume fraction（） and true strain（ε）is described by the famous JMAK equation[5]: (1) Where: ε - true strain, -0.6339 as Avarami material constants,-1.0994 as Avarami index,-strain when dynamic recrystallization is 50%.
The flow stress is given by the material database.
Deform-3D finite element model specific parameters are shown in Tab.1 and Tab.2: Tab.1 Finite element model parameters finite element model parameters numerical value ambient temperature (℃) 20 contact heat transfer coefficient between blank and die for die and die 1 contact heat transfer coefficient between billet and die in forging process 11 the friction coefficients between the blank and the moulds 0.3(shearing friction) heat transfer coefficient between billet and environment coefficient of heat transfer between the environment and the material in the blank space 0.02 0.005 heat transfer coefficient between mold and environment 0.02 Tab.2 Process parameters setting process parameters value blank temperature (℃) 950~990 upper die temperature (℃) 350 lower mold temperature (℃) 350 original grain size (μm) 50 average grain size(μm) 50 initial α phase volume fraction 0.5 initial β phase volume fraction 0.5 compression speed (mm/s) 4~20(the first fire) 2~10(the second fire)
High temperature deformation behavior of TC4 titanium alloy and its flows stress model [J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals, 2008, (08):1395-1401.

is yield function of material. and are continuous convex functions of .
E is elastic modulus of material.
The yield strength of material is 0.315× 10.
(There is no yield strength of model material in paper-6) IV.
The variational inequality equation in Mechanics and physics, Science Press,1987.

Study of Flotation Deinking of Old Magazine and Mixed Office Waste Paper Ronggang Li1, a, Xiaofeng Xie1, b and Chuanshan Zhao1, c 1 Key Lab. of Paper Science & Technology of Ministry of Education, Shandong Polytechnic University, Jinan, 250353, China alrg923@163.com, bsd_xiexf@163.com, cppzcs78@163.com Keywords: flotation deinking; old magazine (OMG); mixed office waste paper (MOW) Abstract.
Experimental Materials.
The raw material used in this study was taken from a paper corporation.
Flotation rate constant K is convenient for comparing the relative floatability of different materials under a given set of conditions.
International Journal of Mineral Progressing, 1999, 56(1), 277-316.

In order to overcome the disadvantages of the native cellulose such as cotton, high degree of molecular crystallinity of about 70%, low molecular accessibility and low grafting yields, Tong Zheng et al. described the polymerization of super absorbent using cellulose in regenerated pulp as a raw material on which acrylic acid and sodium acrylate were grafted and its properties [5].
Materials and Methods Materials.
Chen: Journal of Harbin University of Commerce Natural Sciences Edition Vol. 18 (2002), p. 192 (in Chinese) [6] Y.

Introduction Epoxies are recognized as a high performance polymer materials and extensively used in the manufacture of high strength light body structure, especially in the aerospace and aircraft applications [1].
Although nanoparticles have good thermal and mechanical properties, nanoparticles filled polymer systems (called nanocomposites) have not yet met their full potential as advanced engineering materials.
The attractiveness of clay is due to its high ion exchange capacity, low cost, high aspect ratio and commonly developed which makes it workable to achieve a nanostructure from micron size filler as a starting material [2].
Daniel, Mechanical and thermal behavior of clay/epoxy nanocomposites, Composites Science and Technology 66 (2006) 2415–2422
Ismail, Characterization of polypropylene-clay nanocomposite structure by using XRD technique, Journal of Mechanical Engineering, FKM UiTM, 6 (2009) 27-40

The two models are drawn as the actual dimensions and loads, and there are only few input data needed such as cross-sectional area, material properties, moment of inertia, and so on
Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A Physical Metallurgy and Materials Science. 2006
Journal of Iron and Steel Research. 2006, 18(07): 14-19.

This objective may be attained if, during foundry practice, a hard layer of material is inserted in the regions where wear resistance is required.
Materials and Procedures In these experiments, ductile iron with the chemical composition indicated in table 1 was used as the base metal and a WC powder with 6 micrometer of average diameter was used as the main material to be inserted.
Evolution of VHN versus distance (d) to the external surface of the inserted layer (horizontal lines indicate the average hardness plus or minus twice the standard device for the unaffected material hardness).
Symp. on the Science and Processing of Cast Iron - SPCI7’ – Barcelona, Sep 2002, paper nr. 32) [2] E.T.
Maddocks: Journal of Iron and Steel Institute, Vol. 172 (1952), p. 1

The beam is made of two distinctive material layers, with Young's moduli E2 and E3 and thicknesses, H2 and H3, respectively.
The material properties of carbon/epoxy are taken from Ref. [10].The beam is of 280 mm in length and 3 mm in thickness.
Effect of delamination of axially loaded homogeneous laminated plates, AIAA Journal, (1985), pp. 1437-1444. 4.
Buckling analysis of tri-layer beams with overlapped delaminations, J Composite Materials, Vol. 39, No.2, (2005), pp. 109-125. 10.
Failure of delaminated interply hybrid composite plates under compression, Composites Science and Technology, Vol. 61, (2001), pp. 1513-1527. 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 0.075 0.175 0.275 NBS 2 P/Pcr a=0.3 a=0.2 a=0.4 a=0.6 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 0.15 0.35 0.55 0.75 b/L P/Pcr 1. a=0.1L 2. a=0.3L 3. a=0.4L 4. a=0.5L 5. a=0.6L 1 2 3 4 5 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 0.25 0.45 0.65 NAS 2 P/Pcr 1.