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The term “direct material energy consumption” stands for the energy consumption for manufacturing and shipping of raw materials by the supplier.
The use of recycled raw materials is only used in conjunction with the energy consumption of the recycling process.
The direct material energy consumption (TEPP-DMatE) of unused raw materials (e.g. due to clippings), components or waste are handled as overhead material energy consumption (TEPP-OMatE).
Therefore, the raw materials 1, 2 and 3 are required, which are purchased from suppliers.
In: International Journal of Climate Change Strategies and Management 1 (2009), no. 1, p. 19–30 [6] O.

However, due to the long process duration and high manufacturing costs, the use of these materials is limited to aerospace application, e.g. antenna structures.
In contrast, the liquid silicon infiltration method (LSI) is characterized by short process cycle times and the use of low cost raw materials, like phenolic resins.
Due to these economic advantages, the C/SiC and C/C-SiC bulk materials are also used for brake discs and pads in automotive, aircraft and industrial applications, representing the main market for CMC materials [6-8].
Due to the lack of the experimental test results, the elastic material properties of a standard C/C–SiC material of 3-5 mm plate [12] is considered as the reference values for the evaluation of the elastic constants in z direction and under shear loads for the skin (1 mm thickness) and core materials (0.3 mm thickness).
Klett, "C/C-SiC Sandwich Structures Manufactured via Liquid Silicon Infiltration," Journal of Materials Science, submitted 2017

Performance of activated TIG process in austenitic stainless Steel welds, Journal of Materials processing Technology. 211 (2011) 503-512
Yang, Effect of carbon Migration on the Metallurgical Structure And Mechanical Properties of Cr-Mo Weldments, Porc.Conf. recent Trends in Welding Science and Tech., Gatlinburg, TN (May 14-18, 1989), ASM Intl, Materials Park, OH, pp. (1990) 291-296 [13] E.
Wise, New technique for joining dissimilar materials, Welding Rev.
[19] American society of testing and materials International E407-07., Standard practices for micro Etching metal and alloys. www.astm.org/ DATA BASE.CART [20] American society of testing and materials International E8-04., Standard test method for Tension testing of metallic materials
[21] American society of testing and materials International E92-82., Standard test method for Vickers Hardness of metallic materials.

Materials and Methods A challenging siting of wind turbines in a windfarm modeling Single-objective to optimal siting of wind turbines in a windfarm This study attempts to investigate wind currents through a turbine as wind speed decreases and turbulence strength increases, leading to the conclusion that awake behind the turbine has been discovered.
Proceedings of the science of making torque from wind conference. 2012
Algerian Journal of Renewable Energy and Sustainable Development, 3(01), 74-84
Journal of Physics: Conference Series.
Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Vol. 1, No. 3, March 2016, pp. 431-445

Introduction Aluminum-silicon (Al-Si) alloys are an important class of materials that constitute the majority of aluminum cast parts produced, due to their superior properties and excellent casting characteristics.
This project was supported by the deanship of scintfic research at Salman bin Abdulaziz University under the New Faculty Member Program research project #.2013/01/137" References [1] Cáceres, C.H., Svensson, I.L., Taylor, J.A., “Strength-Ductility Behaviour of Al-Si-Cu-Mg Casting Alloys in T6 Temper,” International Journal of Cast Metals Research, vol 15, pp 531-543 (2003)
Chou, Materials Science Forum, Vol. 75, 1992, pp. 102-104
[14] Tash, M., Samuel, F.H., Mucciardi, F., Doty, H.W., Valtierra, S., “Effect of Metallurgical Parameters on the Machinability of Heat-Treated 356 and 319 Aluminum Alloys,” Materials Science and Engineering A, vol 434, pp 207-217 (2006).

Such material can be dried out and safely utilised.
Materials For the fly ash treatment, a pure form of powdered tannin (tannic acid) by “Lach-Ner, s.r.o.” and Farmatan by “Tanin Sevnica d.d.”, which is a powder form of chestnut tannin plus sweeteners containing 75 % of tannin, were used.
As an auxiliary raw materials for AAC production the gypsum (CaSO4 . 2H2O ) was added to the mixture and very fine aluminium powder was used as a foaming agent.
Chemical composition of the key raw materials is shown in table 1.
Journal of Energy Engineering (2001), 27,37-50

However, this method is only suitable for the conducted materials and the reciprocating linear motion.
However, the related journal papers about the surface magnetization are very little over the past decades.
The other related papers main investigated the different characteristics of the magnetic materials [5] or the effects of additional magnetic fields on the directions of magnetic domains in the materials [6].
Specimen materials PVD / CVD TiN PVD SKD11-matrix CVD SKD11-matrix Vickers surface hardness, Hv 1800～2100 376 555 Experimental procedures.
Cullity, Introduction to magnetic materials, Addison-Wesley, 1972

Following the results of measuring, the materials under comparison were lined up in a randometric series, for example, materials were positioned in a series ascending the maximum mark width bimax.
Diagnostics of Materials» No 9, 2010,Vol 76 p. 41-43 (in Russian) [4] D.A.
Patent 2495412, The method of comparative evaluation of the properties of materials (in Russian) [8] A.V.
Batako, Nano-scale multilayered-composite coatings for the cutting tools, International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 2014.
Anikeev, Carbide Tools with Nano-Dispersed Coating for High-Performance Cutting of Hard-To-Cut Materials, Advanced Materials Research, 2014.

Slag resistance is an integral characteristic of refractory products, it depends on the materials used, the structure and the manufacturing technology [4-7].
Literary Sources Review As a component that ensures low melt wettability, graphite and other carbon-containing materials, the content of which is up to 30% of the product mass, are widely used by developers of refractory materials [9, 10].
Sidorov, Studying of the slag-resistant corundum-graphite carbide-silicon-containing materials on the ethylsilicate bond, Refractories and technical ceramics. 6 (2008) 17-22
Shak, Investigation of the slag resistance of zircon-graphite refractory materials, Refractories and technical ceramics. 6 (2014) 39-44
Sidorov, Structure, oxidability, and thermo-mechanical properties of Al2O3-SiC-C materials on an ethyl-silicate bond, Refractories and technical ceramics. 11 (2007) 3-10

Material of cylinder is Q235B and nozzle is 10# steel tube.
Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 are made with model numbers as ordinate and the ratios of the stress intensity over to the design stress intensity of the materials as abscissas.
Acknowledgements This work was financially supported by the Science and Technology Research Youth Fundation of the Higher Education Institutions of Hubei Province, China (20110201 ).
Hollinger: Journal of Pressure Technology, Vol.113(1991), p.481- 487 [7] Yihui Yin, Shaorong Yu.
China Engineering Science, Vol.10( 2008), p.31-35 (in Chinese) [8] Liping Xue, Yangjie Lin, Zhifu Sang, et al.