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Moreover, the data of the springback shapes, after unloading, of the sheet metal parts formed with the trial and corrected tool paths, used for iterative correction of tool path in the algorithm, are obtained with finite element model (FEM) simulation.
The use of this type of robot in the manufacturing process of parts by single point incremental forming is a great advantage, because is possible to determine, at any time during the process, some features, like: displacements, strains and thickness reduction compare with the case when we use a universal milling machine when all the data can be determined only at the end of the forming process.
The part to be measured by Aramis The system used to measure the strain and thickness reduction was Aramis by Gom optical system.
It should be noted that the Aramis computational system allows us the determination of displacements, strains and thickness reduction (which in reality is also a strain on thickness direction) in each acquired image.
In this table are presented the maximum values of major and minor strain, the maximum value of thickness reduction and also the maximum values of the springback value.

Daily climatic data used in the studies were obtained from weather stations operating at each of the Centers (Fig. 1).
This roughly coincides with a 25% reduction in irrigation from the long-term net requirement.
The 25% reduction in net irrigation could translate into 35-55% savings when compared with sprinkler and furrow irrigation systems that typically operate at 85% and 65% application efficiencies, respectively.
The 25% reduction in net irrigation needs was associated primarily with the reduction of in-season deep percolation, a non-beneficial component of the water balance [4].
Higher irrigation water-use efficiencies were obtained with the longer 7 day frequency because of better storage of in-season precipitation and because of reduction in deep percolation below the root zone [5].

Data presented here were obtained at an engine speed of 1500, 2000, 2500 and 3000 rpm.
It is observed that a clear reduction in smoke emissions for all values of speed when biodiesel is used.
The reduction in CO emission of biodiesel mainly due to oxygen content of biodiesel which enhances the complete combustion in the cylinder [8].
CO2 emission was related with the carbon content in the fuel and from the Fig. 6 it shows that slightly reduction of CO2 for higher biodiesel blend was found especially for B10 biodiesel at all speeds.
(ii) The biodiesel fuels produce significant reduction in the CO, CO2, HC and smoke opacity compared to ordinary diesel fuel at both variant engine speed and engine loads.

Fig.1 (b) shows the mean stress contour at a height reduction of 30%.
The deformed model has a height reduction of 40% of initial height.
The deformed model has a height reduction of 27% of initial height.
The deformed model has a height reduction of 31% of initial height.
Mario: KRIGRADI: A cokriging program for estimating the gradient of spatial variables from sparse data.

From Eq.(5), non-straight fibres result in a reduction in both the effective inclusion thermal conductivity and fibre aspect ratio by a factor of Leq/L.
A size effect is observed, whereby a 10 3 reduction in inclusion diameter results in the Figure 3: Kc/Km of a 3D random long fibre composite as a function of hbd for anisotropic fibres, (a = KI,33/KI,11).
The extent of this reduction is dependent on the orientation of the anisotropy.
When the high thermal conductivity direction occurs in the fibre transverse direction (a < 1) there is a very significant reduction in Kc compared to the isotropic fibre.
Eshelby: Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences Vol. 241 (1957) p. 376 [5] Data obtained from http://www.matweb.com (11 th June 2008) [6] R.

The most conventional method used to fabricate commercial TiC powders is by carbothermal reduction of mixture (TiO2 and carbon black).
By using TiO2 powders as raw material, the cost is significantly reduced, but the carbothermal reduction process is required to obtain high temperature (1700-2100℃) and a long reaction time (10-24 hours) as TiO2 and carbon are both in solid state [4].
In addition, the particle size of TiC powders fabricated is dependent on the size of raw TiO2 powders and it is difficult to produce submicron powders by carbothermal reduction unless the size of raw powders is below the submicron level.
It enhances microcracking and also may cause reduction in particle size reduction, which in turn result in an increase of the specific surface available for hydrogen adsorption.
This parameter increased to 0.431 nm, which consist well with JCPDS card data of TiC over 1000℃ heat treating temperature.

Some of samples were cold rolled to obtain a 2.0 mm thickness sheet (a total reduction of 85%).
From the pole figure data obtained, the orientation distribution function (ODF) was computed using the formulation of Bunge [2].
Fig. 3(a) shows φ2=0° section and φ2=45° section of the ODFs for the specimen with cold rolling reduction of 85%.
Fig. 3(b) shows φ2=0° section and φ2=45° section of the ODFs for the specimen heat-treated at 1023K for 2.4ks with cold rolling reduction of 85%.
Orientation distribution functions for the specimen (a) cold-rolled and (b) heat treated at 1023K for 2.4ks with cold rolling reductions of 85% Fig. 4.

It was found that the treatment with the silanes was successful as similar behaviors for FT-IR data was observed [6-8].
The absence of pinholes is favorable for the reduction of the ethanol crossover.
There were a reduction in the zeolite pore size and the total pore volume after modification [5,8].
This lead to the reduction in ethanol permeation.
The permeability at 2 M ethanol was found to be about 25% reduction from recasted Nafion membrane and 20.43% reduction from Nafion/MOR-H composite membrane at 50oC.

A Bipolar Artificial Hip Joint Design for Contact Impingement Reduction E.
When the RoM flexion of the conventional model at 10° and 15° anteversion is compared to the data of the normal hip joint angles in Table 1, it turns out that the conventional model cannot accommodate the movement of the prostration and of the transition in the Shalat activity.
Conclusion A new bipolar AHJ design was proposed, having two axis of movement for contact impingement reduction.

Our data for the electron emission rate (en) are plotted on the log-linear scale against F 2 in Fig. 6.
Field-dependence of the emission rate data for Os2 level at different temperature.
The high field data show a F 2 dependence characteristic of the phonon-assisted tunneling effect, while the low-field data (inset) show a F ½ fit typical for the Poole-Frenkel mechanism.
These data are plotted in Fig 5 showing a linear variation of τ2 with reciprocal temperature as expected from Eq
Theoretical analysis of these data shows that while Poole-Frenkel barrier lowering describes the field enhancement well at lower field, the higher field data are better described by the phonon-assisted tunneling model.