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These factors make the structure components more easily to get corrosion and deterioration.
Comprehensive Analysis of Deterioration Mechanism The auxiliary shaft RC headframe was built in the early 1980s.For the constraint of the history, technology and economy factors of that time, there was an inadequate consideration of the concrete durability.
Affected by the dynamic load, the micro cracks in concrete expand and shrink continuously.
In the end, the reinforcement project obtained good results basing on meticulous construction, without affecting the normal production of the mine.
Experimental Study on The Mechanical Properties and Durability of Corroded RC Beams Strengthened with CFRP.

It is well known that refinement and spheroidization of the primary and eutectic Si in as-cast microstructure is the main way to improve their strength, ductility and machining properties.
Recently, the friction stir processing (FSP) is increasingly paid attention to due to its potential to modify the microstructure and improve properties of Al-Si castings [1].
Ma et al. [2-4] found that, in FSP to A356 alloy surface, coarse fibrous eutectic Si were intensely broken, the aspect ratio reduced, so mechanical properties, in particular the ductility and fatigue life were improvement.
Typical microstructure at the the microhardness of Al-30Si in the stir zones thermo-mechanical affected zone Discussions Effect of preheating temperature on size and morphology Si particle in stir zone.
The authors suggested that the Si spheroidization could be attributed to the knocking and friction between corners and sharp edges of Si particles with plastic flow of the matrix [8], which is found a common phenomenon in the thermo-mechanical affected zone (see Fig.6).

But which the fault tree analysis given is some common factors which have influence on oil&gas transmission pipeline failure , and has more difficult in the personality and fuzzy factors in the actual operation .
Also, take the two reasons as tip events and do top-down analysis , it can be found that pipeline leakage is caused by internal and external corrosion and existed defects and pipeline rupture is caused by the third damage , corrosion cracking , incorrect operation , bad material mechanical properties .
But the too general goal layer factors increase the difficulty and the uncertainty of the failure assessment , so it is necessary to analysis the secondary factors of oil&gas transmission pipeline failure .
Calculation example The 18 basic reason events having greater critical importance degree in oil&gas pipeline transmission failure fault tree analysis are listed in sheet 2 , and on this account to do the basic factors of non-linear fuzzy comprehensive assessment , namely : , in which, expresses factor set; and expresses the th factor in factor set.
Thus , the weight sets which mainly affect factors can be obtained according to fault tree analysis , and the comment set can be determined based on experience .

Therefore, depending on the origin and physical properties of the silica, composites of same filler type and same matrix type with different properties are possible.
A comparison on mechanical properties, and morphologies of these three types of composites were carried out.
Physical Properties of three types of silica after being modified with KH550 .
The explanation is that particle size and size distribution is one of the important factors governing the impact strength.
Ishiaku, A comparison of the mechanical properties and water adsorption behaviour of white rice husk and silica filled polypropylene composites, J.

Laser surface alloying, cladding or melting are main methods to improve the surface dependent properties [3-7].
These factors can potentially improve the overall corrosion resistance[5].
As Hall–Petch indicates, the decrease of grain size will improve the mechanical properties, including hardness and yield stress.
It has been well known that the grain size plays a key role in improving properties of magnesium alloys.
The effect of grain size on mechanical properties is more significant in magnesium alloys with hcp structure than in aluminum alloys with fcc structure [11].

The geometrical properties of the billet, die and punch were listed in Tab. 1.
Physical and mechanical properties of the billet used in the simulations were recorded in Tab. 2.
Tab. 1 Geometrical properties of the billet, the die and the punch.
Tab. 2 Physical and mechanical properties of the billet.
These ultrasonic process are basically for specific working conditions and therefore virtually factors of ultrasonic process have complex effects on extrusion .This means that experimental data from one existing ultrasonic factors cannot be reliably used to predict the exact extrusion behavior of another; and simulation is the only affordable means the designer has at his/her disposal in the design phase.

The hole’s properties during PMMAlaser drilling are affected by some parameters such as CO2 beam power, exposure time, and sample thickness.
PMMA sheets were utilized as test materials for it has multi-application and excellent thermophysical properties, (refer with: Table 1).
PMMA thermophysical properties[11].
This approach is useful for studying responses (output factors) that are influenced by multiple independent factors (input variables).
Rozhbiany, Reinforcement and processing on the machinability and mechanical properties of aluminum matrix composites, J.

It may lead to the dimension change and reduced accuracy, which can affect the product quality, and in serious cases, cause the rejection of a large number of dies.
However, this method involves a great amount of heat injection into the site to be repaired and a large heat-affecting area, which may cause distortion or even breaking of die components, failing to reach ideal repair effects.
Determination of the bonding strength of the coatings: Z020 electronic universal mechanical testing machine from German Zwick/ Roell and WDW3050 electronic universal mechanical testing machine from Changchun Zhongxi Company were used.
The friction factor of coating is higher than that of Cr12MoV die steel matrix.
Fan, et al, Friction and Wear Properties of a Magnetron Spyttered TiB2-TiN Films on Cr12MoV Steels, Lubrication Engineering, 36(2011)35-38 [9] C.R.Brooks, Failure Analysis of Engineering Materials, McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc, 2002 [10] K.

Introduction Precious metals have stable chemical properties, high electric conductivity and thermal conductivity with special electrical properties.
The performance of thin film is highly depended on the properties of sputtering target.
Generally speaking, purity and composition tolerance may affect the film properties and reliability, while density, grain size and grain orientation may affect the particle generation and film uniformity.
It was true that desired properties were difficult to control for high purity materials.
Density is one of the most important performance factors for powder metallurgy target.

Noise affects sleep quality, causes athopia, headache and insomnia, and also have negative effect on physiology and psychology.
This study employed different fineness of Nylon fibers to form nonwovens and then evaluate their mechanical property and acoustic absorption effect.
Air permeability properties of 3D Nylon /LPET/RPET and 15D Nylon /LPET/RPET nonwovens as related to different weight ratios of Nylon fibers.
Factors Influencing Acoustic Performance of Sound Absorptive Materials., Australian, Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences. 3(2009) 4616-4617
Sound absorption properties of recycled polyester fibrous assembly absorbers, Autex.