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Evaluation of Tribological Properties of Hard Coatings Obtained on Steel C45 by Electro-Spark Alloying Vladimir Kukareko1, Vasile Agafii2,*, Valentin Mihailov2, Aleksandr Grigorchic1, Natalia Kazak2 1Center for Structural Research and Tribo-Mechanical Testing of Materials and Mechanical Engineering Products, United Institute of Mechanical Engineering of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus 2Laboratory of Electrophysical and Electrochemical Methods of Materials Treatment "Boris Lazarenko", Institute of Applied Physics, Chisinau, Moldova E-mail: vasile.agafii@mail.ru Keywords: electro-spark alloying, coating, roughness, microhardness, wear intensity, coefficient of friction Abstract.
It is known that one of the simplest methods of forming surfaces with high tribomechanical properties is the electro-spark alloying (ESA) of metals and alloys with electrodes of various materials [1-5].
In this paper, we studied the tribomechanical properties of electro-spark coatings obtained with hard alloy electrodes and materials that synthesized carbides, intermetallic compounds, oxides, and other substances on steel C45 (St.
The main reason for the wear of materials is the adhesion setting of the contacting surfaces, accompanied by a scuffing and seizing of friction units.
The initial microhardness of the samples coated with different materials was determined on a PMT-3 microhardness tester.

Of particular importance are the analyses of the materials of the components approaching the end of their operating life.
The non-linearity of the material was taken into account by using “true stress – true strain” curve.
Acknowledgements The financial support from the Serbian Ministry of Science, Technology and Development through Project No. 1793 is greatly appreciated.
Gurson, Journal Engng.
[14] "ESIS Procedure for Determining the Fracture Behaviour of Materials", European Structural Integrity Society ESIS P2-92, (1992)

CFRP is one of the most advanced composite materials.
Materials Processing Technology, 2007(192-193):37-40
Experimental study of drilling composite materials with step-core drill[J].
Materials and Design, 2008(29):1740-1744
Materials Processing Technology, 2008(206):405-411

But DWI technology could lead to slightly higher fuel consumption rate .When using the high sulphur fuel ,the material of the combustion chamber and using a special nozzle should be considered.
There are many kinds of structures and materials of filter used to catch the particulate, for example the monolithic ceramics, the metal wire, the textile fiber, the ceramic fiber, and floamed ceramics and so on.
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Fund, "marine diesel engine SCR system reaction mechanism and the effect of excess oxygen" (51079035) and the project of “marine diesel engine emission control technology”.
Journal of Geophysical Research, 2005,110(D17): D17305-1-D17305-12
Combustion Science and Technology, 1955, 108(4/5/6):363-382

MATERIALS, EXPERIMENT, AND EQUIPMENTS Mold & cavity sensor.
Material property data for ABS-HI-121H from LG chemical Co. was supplied by Moldflow.
Young, Journal of Injection Molding Technology, Vol.1, No.3 (1997), p. 133~135 [2] J.
Barkan, Polymer Engineering and Science, Vol. 37, No. 11(1997), p. 1880~1891 [4] M.
Kamal et al., Polymer Engineering and Science, Vol. 27(1987), p.1403~1410

In general, water pollutants are divided into several categories namely oxygen demanding waste, infectious agents, plant nutrients, organic chemicals, inorganic elements and compounds, sediments, radioactive materials, and heat.
Table 1: Overall biomedia physical properties Type Material Shape Surface area Reactor Condition 1 PE Spherical 160 m²/m³ 7 Float 2 HDPE Netcaged 140 m²/m³ 3 Fixed 3 PP Brush 49.4 m²/m³ 1 Fixed 4 BCF Triple helix string >1.0 m²/m³ 5 Hanging 5 PE/PP Spherical 500 m²/m³ 4 Fixed 6 PVC Corrugated layer surface 243 m²/m³ 2 Fixed 7 PP Spike ball 129 m²/m³ 9 Float 8 Gravel - - 8 Fixed 9 Blank - - 6 - The water samples were collected from influent and effluent points and tested for pH, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), Ammonia Nitrogen (AN), total suspended solid (TSS), volatile suspended solid (VSS), total volatile solid (TVS) and dissolved oxygen (DO).
The Scientific World Journal, 2013
[17] Odegaard, H., Rusten, B. and Westrum, T. (1994) A New Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor; Applications and Results, Water Science and Technology, 29, 157
Water science and technology, 35(6), 71-79.

Introduction Brass and its alloys are the materials which are widely used in friction parts of machines, as bearing liners, bushing, etc… Properties such as high strength and ductility, fatigue strength, wear resistance, etc [1].
Are necessary for these materials, and it is important to understand microstructure change at the work interface.
For ductile materials, such as brass, plastic deformation plays an important role in different atmospheres.On the other hand, before the wear particle is produced from the rubbing interface, it grows as the transfer particles.
The materials studied were a CuZn brass alloy and steel AISI 1045 with the following chemical composition in weight percent, respectively: for the pin 64% Cu, 0.25% Si, 0.11% Al, 0.21% Fe and the balance Zn; for steel disc Fe + 0.45% to 0.51% C, 0.5% Mn, Si < 0.1, P < 0.035% .
Bay, Welding Journal. (2005). 73

Additionally, the ranking of high-k materials remains consistent for both substrates.
Journal of Applied Physics 123, 164101 (2018)
Hafnium Oxide Based CMOS Compatible Ferroelectric Materials.
Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2014, 1–18 (2014)
Thermochemical insights into refractory ceramic materials based on oxides with large tetravalent cations.

Introduction During the last decades, recycling of a wide array of materials, ranging from food product waste to advanced products such as cars and computers has become part of everyday life [1].
The key technology definition given by the White House office of science and technology policy is: the technologies essential to America's economic prosperity and national security.
China Academic Journal is selected for this purpose in this study.
Although the production of recycled aluminum looks very simple, in fact, it is a system of engineering with numerous processes, including raw materials procurement, sorting, melting, ingot casting, as well as equipment and technology management and other important links.
Delphi Process: A Methodology Using for the Elicitation of Opinions of Experts, The Rand Corporation, (1987) p.3925 [4] Lucheng Huang, Jian Li, Jinping Chang: Modern Management Science, in Chinese, 76 (2009) [5] Technology Forecasting and National Key Technology Choice study group: From Foresight to Choice--Theory and Practice of Technology Forecasting (first edition), in Chinese, edited by Beijing Press, Beijing (2001)

College of Food Science, South China Agriculture University 3College of Forestry Northwest A & F University Yangling, shanxi Province, China whitebai2002@yahoo.com.cn Keywords：Loquat; GA3; storage quality; nutrition components Abstract.In order to study the effects of Gibberellins (GA3) treatment on fresh-keeping effect and storage quality, provide theoretical foundation for loquat production, the loquat fruit grown in Guangdong Province were separated in groups and dipped in different concentrations (10, 50, 100 μmol/L) of GA3 solution respectively for 20 min, and then stored at a chamber with temperature of 3±0.5℃, relative humidity of 65~80%.
In the present study, loquat of Guangdong province was selected as experiment material and investigated in order to analyze the effect of GA3 on storage quality and nutrition components of loquat fruit, aiming to provide foundations for loquat production and its post-harvest preservation and storage.
Materials and Methods A.Experimental materia Loquat from Chaoan country in Guangdong province was used as experimental material in the present study.
Effects of modified atmosphere packaging on respiration and quality attributes of loquat fruit during cold storage[J]. agricultural engineering journal, 2003, 19(5). pp. 147-151
FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY INTERNATIONAL, 2008,14(1). pp. 95-103