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For reducing interior vehicle noise below pantograph, noise reduction measures should be effective at 100Hz-2kHz.
The system consists of microphones, signal conditioner, data acquisition cards and computers.
The data acquisition card has 32 ​​channels, each channel has a separate A/D converter chip, and a trigger card provides clock signal for all channel, which is used as conversion clock for each A/D acquisition channel, and ensure each acquisition channel to acquire data synchronously.
The system can guarantee that noise data from monitoring points can be acquired synchronously at the same conditions, so the mutual relations and distribution rule of noises can be reflected accurately.
In order to reduce the error caused by random factors, the average value of multiple measured data was applied.

The associated electrochemical data were presented in Table 3.
The associated electrochemical data were presented in Table 4.
The reduction of MoO42- into Mo (IV) is responsible for the formation of MoO2 in the barrier films.
From the electrochemical data presented in Table 3 and 4, it can be inferred that the corrosion rate of both the samples is lower than their counterparts in blank corrosive media.
Potentiodynamic polarization curves of and weld with the addition of different concentrations of sodium molybdate The inhibition efficiency was calculated by eq 3, all data were listed in Table 3

The EBSD measurement was carried out using a program TSL OIM Data Collection ver.3.5 in Phillips XL30s SEM with FE-gun operated at 20kV in order to investigate microstructural evolution through thickness of the samples with proceeding of the ARB.
This is due to 50% reduction in thickness by the rolling.
Figure 3 shows the ND&RD color maps and GB maps constructed from the EBSD data for the samples processed by ARB of 5cycles and 8cycles.
Fig. 2 EBSD ND & RD color maps and grain boundary maps constructed from the EBSD data for the samples processed by ARB of 1cycle(a) and 3cycles(b).
Fig. 3 EBSD ND & RD color maps and grain boundary maps constructed from the EBSD data for the samples processed by ARB of 5cycle(a) and 8cycles(b).

The current-voltage characteristics of Al + implanted 4H-SiC p +n junctions show an important reduction of leakage currents with diode aging at room temperature.
The data are the average of the measurements of three diodes.
Each data of the plot is the average of three diodes measurements and the error bars are the standard deviations of this average.
Nevertheless a reduction in the diode reverse current of four orders of magnitude seems too high to be attributed only to the passivation of the diode periphery.
For justifying the trend of the data in Fig. 2 and 3 Fig. 4.

As a result, the methods have stronger dependence on the data feature.
Wu is to generate a new class of training samples by genetic crossover operation and the reconstruction method that is converts imbalance data sets to balance data set [12].
First carries on the preliminary training by the standard SVM and get the normal vector with the project high-dimensional data to get a-dimensional vector data.
Intelligent Data Analysis, Vol. 6 (2002), p. 429–449
IEEE Transaction on Knowledge and Data Engineering, Vol. 18(2006), p. 63-77

Introduction Cost reduction of photovoltaic (PV) material is an important issue in the development of future economic fabrication of solar cells.
Furthermore, recombination, mobility reduction and minority carrier lifetime effects are directly associated with the both impurity and structural imperfections in the crystal structure, and hence, degrade the solar cell performance [6, 7].
The data obtained at the quantum-mechanical level provide the basis for device level simulation using TCAD Sentaurus, to simulate Si solar cell by employing the transfer matrix method.
Electronic and optical calculations From the band-structure data (not shown), show the EDs have band gaps similar to the band-gap of crystalline silicon, so that they are not expected to significantly impact upon efficient photovoltaic operation.
However, on the basis that EDs may efficiently getter mobile Fe contamination from the bulk of the grains, the overall efficiency of the device may be enhanced by reduction of non-radiative recombination in these active regions.

As known, GQDs possess distinctive optical properties, allowing the observation of GQDs structures through UV-Vis spectrum data.
Further analysis of optical data using the Tauc plot method (eV vs αhν2 [25]) yielded GQDs' band gap values of 5.45-5.5 eV [2].
Monitoring these shifts provides valuable data on the size distribution of GQDs within a sample.
Additionally, HRTEM verifies lattice parameters of the carbon hexagonal plane (11 0 0), aligning with XRD data.
Bibliometric analysis of GQDs for biomedicine applications (data sources: ww.scopus.com with the keywords GQDs for biomedicine in range between 2013 to 2024, February 19th, 2024).

Through experiments and simulations, 6 variables including wind speed(WS), green ratio(GR), impervious ratio(IR), average surface temperature(AST) , shadow ratio(SR), H / W were chosen and summarized as factors by dimension reduction in factors analysis; further, the dominant variables and factors in different time were confirmed through multiple linear regression analysis of the factors/ variables and UII.
Fig.1 Line of mobile observation in residential Firstly, 6 variables including WS, GR, IR, AST, SR and H/ W of each measuring point were extracted quantitatively ; secondly, variables is deal with dimensionality reduction by factor analysis to be summarized as factors; Finally, regression analysis of the factors and variables between UII respectively are conducted to examine the significant degree of these independent variables influencing the UII.
This will lead to the reduction of correlation degree of regression analysis between factor and UII.
Conclusions By actual measurement and heat island analysis of one typical residential quarter in mountain city during two seasons, a new data processing method is put forward——factor analysis

When the two driving waveform, the W-shaped driving waveform seems to be effective in reducing the droplet volume, and achieves the reduction of volume by 30 percent.
It consists of one M-Jet connected to a fluid reservoir via a fluid inlet, a charge coupled device (CCD) camera, a strobe light emitting diode (LED) with a dedicated controller, a substrate on top of an automated XY stage, a Z-axis stage for distance adjust between nozzle and substrate, a data acquisition (DAQ) module connected to a PC with a control program.
When the two driving waveform, the W-shaped driving waveform seems to be effective in reducing the droplet volume, and achieves the reduction of volume by 30 percent.
The W-shaped driving waveform seems to be effective in reducing the droplet volume, and achieves the reduction of volume by 30 percent. 5.

The improvement in the reduction of thinning percentage was 22.35%.
Based on the data presented in Table 3, the main effect S/N response and plot were calculated.
The reduction in maximum thinning is 22.35% and the improvement in the reduction of minimum thickness is 12.33%, as shown in Table 7.