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Silica/carbon/metal oxide supported nanoporous gold is a favorable catalyst due to its three dimensional open pore network structures, high surface to volume ratio, high reusability, distinct optolectronic and physio-chemical properties.
Nakashima, Journal of Materials Chemistry, 21 (2011) 13881-13888

The absorption spectra of Si NHs array with single diameter and dual-diameter structure are shown in Fig.2.
All the NHs array perform much better than thin film structure, which has higher reflectance.
In summary, we studied the absorption properties of the dual-diameter structured silicon nanoholes array.
This dual-diameter NHs array structure provides a promising way to improve the absorption of silicon thin film solar cells.
Journal of Materials Chemistry A, 2013, 1(22):6593-6601

., Research Institute of Industrial Chemistry, 532 17 Pardubice - Semtin, Czech Republic 2 VOP-026 Sternberk, s.p., VTUO Brno Division, Veslarska 230, 637 00 Brno, Czech Republic a petr.nesvadba@explosia.cz, brolc@vtuo.cz Keywords: Explosive welding, Roll welding, Ballistic resistance, Multilayer material Abstract.
Resulting material structure designed should be of sufficient ballistic resistance at relatively small thickness of the material.
Differences can be found of course, if multilayer structures prepared by EXW or ROW technology are compared.
Figure 2 shows the structure of weld interface.
Manufacturing of model structures using EXW technology is relatively quick and not very costly.

The adopted mesh is a structured one having a constant mesh size in both space directions and containing 1562000 cells.
The turbulence-chemistry interaction has been provided through finite-rate mechanism.
Due the very small chemistry time scales involved by the combustion, the flame develops very rapidly and, together with the blowing dominates the flow development in the channel (Fig. 2a).
In this case, to generate turbulent structures grid holes extend over , where is the mesh size of the previous flow configuration (Fig. 1).
Sirovich, Turbulence and the dynamics of coherent structures, parts I-III, Q.

The morphology structure were characterized by SEM and the fracture strength were tested by filament electronic strength tester.
Microwave can destroy the molecular structure on the surface of fiber surface to make the molecular structure changed, contributing to the grafting groups.
The reason was that the high-frequency vibration of water destroyed the molecular structure of PET fiber, forming a lot of active groups[5].
The reason is that microwave treatment made the fiber surface roughed and the surface molecular structure was broken.
Chemistry and Adhesion.

EDX and FE-SEM is to study the morphology of ZnO structure while XRD is to determine the purity and size of the nanoparticle.
This mainly due to interaction between internal structure of which change its structure thus promoting viscosity reduction [20].
Procedia Chemistry, 2016. 19(Supplement C): p. 211-216
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2015. 54(33): p. 8201-8211
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2011. 50(19): p. 11259-11269

The value of KQ of specimen with fully lamella structure was obtained as 18.68 MPa √m, much higher than that of specimen with near γ structure (11.84 MPa √m).
Very fine grain size of about 13 µm was obtained in the near γ-structured specimen.
In the case of near γ structure, there exist some α2 phases of about 15 vol.%.
Designation Microstructure KQ (MPa √m) A Lamellar 18.68 B Lamellar 17.56 C Near gamma 11.84 Literature survey showed that KIC of near γ structure is the most strongly influenced by the amount of second phases present in the near γ structure, among other possible factors such as alloy chemistry.
Very fine grain size of about 13 µm was obtained in the near γ structure.

A lot of structure and road performance tests were carried out about the new modified asphalt and its mixture.
Experimental apparatus and equipment Asphalt used in the experiment is the domestic Panjin A-110 road asphalt, SBS modifier is 1401 the linear structure from Yanshan Petrochemical, multi-layer carbon nanotubes are presented by the Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry Limited.
But relatively carbon nanotubes with small molecular structure affect this effect not too much.
The stabilizer is an inorganic salt, a large endothermic effect, on the other hand the addition of stabilizers makes the dispersion of SBS in the asphalt structure is more stable, and the structure will be less susceptible to temperature control, thereby increasing the softening point of the asphalt.
When the adsorption of carbon nanotubes at high temperature shear occurs, due to three-dimensional structure of carbon nanotubes in the SBS will inevitably affect the distribution of the original three-dimensional structure of asphalt in the distribution of SBS, resulting in the impact of adding carbon nanotubes.

The AC0 sample shows denser structure, less pore development and more graphitic carbons compared to another samples.
AC10 and AC15 have more irregular structure with a larger pore size.
Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry,48, 133–141
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 57(22), pp.10483-10488
Pitch-Based Activated Carbon Fibers: The Effect of Precursor Composition on Pore Structure.

Synthesis of Myristyl Sulpho Betaine Type Amphoteric Surfactant Rongming Zhang, Zhenyu Zhang,Hongman Shan,Yue Wang College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northeast Petroleum University Daqing, China, Daqing,Heilongjiang Province,China Zrm3000zrm@163.com Keywords: myristyl sulpho betaine;amphoteric surfactant; tetradecylamine ; pentaerythritol..
The results have show that the reaction time and mole ratio (Dimethyl tetradecyl tertiary/ Intermediate) were 16h and 1.2/1 at 120℃.The structure of myristyl sulpho betaine type amphoteric surfactant was identified by FTIR.Then it was performed the surface tension tests to determine the critical micelle concentration (cmc).
Introduction The myristyl sulpho betaine with two hydroxyl groups possessed special nature while compareing with other amphoteric surfactant in applications.The solution possess more excellent physical and chemical properties,such as higher surface activity,lower kafft points,wetting performance,solubilization capacity and washing capacity[1].The structure of myristyl sulpho betaine molecule enhanced the hydrophilicity of hydrocarbon chains, Myristyl sulpho betaine as a type of amphoteric surfactants have been applied to household chemical industry and crude petroleum industry[2].With the promotion of betaine amphoteric surfactants, myristyl sulpho betaine will also be widely used in the agricultural, leather,textiles, latex and other industries[3].
Considering the cost of catalyst and after-treatment of product,we should choose suitable amount.Infrared ray spectrum(IR) proved that the molecular structure of product was right.
[3] Xie Yajie, Cheng Wenjin.Synthesis and structure characterzation of novel gemini surfactants [J].