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In order to determine the optimal parameters of the external insulation system and guide the energy saving and greenhouse gas emission reduction of building, a typical student dormitory building in Beijing was chosen as research object.
The above studies mainly focused on the case analysis of existing buildings, and calculated energy consumption and environmental impact of the operation phase, a small part of studies carried out for the environmental impact and cost analysis from the perspective of LCA, however, they were not take the building life cycle energy saving and carbon emission reduction into consideration from the design of insulation systems to get the optimal plan for building life cycle energy saving and carbon emission reduction.
Consequently, this study puts forwards a new perspective and method for the “green” building and external insulation system design, and guides building energy saving and GHG emission reduction.
Materials Cement mortar EPS board Clay brick Wood door Plastic-steel window Concrete Rebar Materials utilization amount,[t] 230.52 1.52 671.78 80a 127.5b 592.56 24.08 Energy consumption of unit product, [kJ/t] 1.72E+06 2.24E+08 4.20E+05 1.53E+05 1.74E+07 1.84E+06 2.89E+07 GHG mission of unit product,[kg-CO2/t] 2.57E+02 9.37E+03 1.32E+02 9.51E+00 9.59E+01 2.37E+02 3.30E+03 Data sources [12] [12] [13] [14] [15] [16] [16] a :unit is m2, the density of wood door is 550kg/ m3 and the thickness is 45mm; b :unit is m2, 60 series plastic-steel window and the size is 1700mm*1500mm.
Therefore, both of materials production and building operation phases are important for building energy-saving and GHG emission reduction, especially the building operation phase, which is the main aspect of energy-saving and GHG emission reduction for building industry in China.

It was found that cold rolling with a reduction of 15% or equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) up to a true strain of ~1 leads to acceleration of age-hardening response of this alloy.
In addition, experimental data on effect of this strain on a dispersion of the secondary phases are contradictory.
(ii) The plates were cold rolled with a reduction of 15% (ε~0.16) and finally artificial aged at 180°C for different times.
All misorientation maps were obtained with a sufficient level of indexing to provide reliable data.
Cold rolling with a reduction of 15% leads to fraction of LABs and density of dislocations of ~87% and ~2.2´1016 m-2 (Fig. 4a and b), respectively.

The experiments are conducted in two phases by using an experimental test rig, which consists of a DICI engine, electric loading device, data acquisition system, and AVL exhaust gas analyzers.
The setup includes a instrumented vertical, 4 stroke, single cylinder, air cooled, Direct Injection Compression Ignition (DICI) engine, electric loading device (Alternator), AVL exhaust gas analyzers and a data acquisition system.
A piezoelectric pressure sensor is internally in the cylinder head to measure the engine cylinder pressure and the sensor signal is transferred to the data acquisition system through a conditioning unit.
The reduction in the smoke opacity is very marginal in the case of low bmep whereas at the higher loads the reduction is very significant.

The plates, with a ferrite -pearlite microstructure, were obtained by hot rolling in a laboratory reversible rolling mill to 66% reduction with the final rolling pass in the two-phase (γ/α) domain followed by accelerated cooling to 570°C and subsequent slow cooling to room temperature (coiling simulation).
The total rolling reduction was 66% and after the final rolling pass the plates were subjected to accelerate cooling, followed by a coiling simulation at 570°C.
In order to obtain better data statistics between 6 and 9 scans for each sample orientation were carried out and the results were averaged.
The grain size data in this work were obtained using a grain tolerance angle of 5°and the minimum grain size was chosen to be 2 measuring points which were at least a distance of 1µm apart.
All data points with a confidence index (CI) lower then 0.05 were excluded from the analysis as dubious (the CI quantifies the reliability of the indexed pattern).

Such data and Eq. 4 suggest that the outline of dynamic grain-growth can be estimated from the values of k and m.
Inspection of the earlier data thus indicates that, of the factors listed in Table 1, four or more should be simultaneously satisfied for attaining HSRS.
We also used TiO2 [26] since experimental data [35] for grain growth and superplastic properties indicate that diffusion in Y-TZP is enhanced by TiO2 addition.
The earlier data obtained by Chokshi et al. (◆ [7]), Kajihara et al. (◇ [20]) and Oka et al. (□ [21]) are also shown.
The tensile data plotted in Fig. 4 show a different trend in the HSRS properties between the monolithic materials and the composite.

All statistical analysis performed on the data obtained were based on data from the right foot.
Three-dimensional kinematic analysis used a Vicon motion analysis system with 8-camera (Oxford Metrics Ltd., Oxford, UK) to capture the kinematic data at a frequency of 200 Hz.
A Novel Pedar System (Germany) was utilized to collect plantar pressure data.
Data from further repetitions were collected and averaged for subsequent analysis. 2.4 Procedure All subjects completed walking and jogging tasks at self-selected speed along a 10-meter-walkway.
LSD (least significance difference) using ANOVA (analysis of variance) was taken for multiple comparisons of the mean of key biomechanical data.

Time domain analysis of power data indicates that root mean square increases and kurtosis approaches to 0 with crater wear increase in turning process.
The monitoring system includes a power sensor, a data acquisition card and acquisition software.
Power data at that time just before each turning test ending is extracted to implement time domain analysis, see Fig.3.
Fig.4 Xrms of power data with cutting time Fig.5 Variance of power data with cutting time Kurtosis and Skewness results of power data in cutting process are illustrated in Fig.6-7.
Fig.6 Kurtosis of power data with cutting time Fig.7 Skewness of power data with cutting time Conclusions Power monitoring is an economical monitoring solution for machining operations.

The reduction of impurity levels combined with the microstructural changes brought about by the changes in the chemical composition meant that ESR resulted in a significant improvement in some mechanical properties and a marginal improvement in others.
The reduction in the NMI area percentages and number densities are due to a 26 % reduction in the total impurity level (TIL% = S % + N % + O %).
Despite the moderate reduction in the mean PAGS from 24 µm to 19 µm, the grain and lath sizes remain more or less unchanged as a result of ESR as does the boundary misorientation distribution, see Fig. 9.
A Student’s t-test analysis of the data summarized in Table 5 showed that ESR led to a significant increase in yield strength (YS) (21 %) and CVN impact toughness (21 %).
This may be due to a reduction in the content of O+N+S, which is reflected in a reduction in the number density and area fraction of NMIs, as well as a refinement of the PAGS and the effective grain size of the martensite. 7) The ESR process employed led to an increase in the total Al content and the area fraction of small Al2O3 inclusions, which probably had a detrimental effect on elongation to fracture in tensile testing and the absorbed energy and percentage ductile fracture in CVN impact testing.

The Materials Data Inc. software Jade 5.0 and a Powder Diffraction File (PDF release 2002) were used to determine the phase relationships [6].
The hydrogen storage capacity reduction results from reduction of the main hydrogen storage phase Mg2Ni with the decrease of Ni content.
As shown in Fig.2, the fragmentation of the Mg76Ti12Ni6Cr6 alloy with milling time leads to the reduction in the particle size, to the creation of new surfaces and to the increase in the specific surface area, which corresponds to the increase in the hydrogen absorption rate[9].
Vol. 32(2007),P.2412 [6] Materials Data JADE Release 5, XRD Pattern Processing, Materials Data Inc., 1999

Lighting The chief contributors to energy consumption in a building are graphically illustrated below: Fig. 2, Electrical Consumption contributors Using eQUEST, a series of parametric simulation was conducted to acquire building energy consumption data for the daylighting.
After several runs of simulation, it was found that utilization of the natural lights implies a considerable reduction of energy needs to about 5%-7% [6, 9].
While designing actual buildings, these results can just be used as initial guidelines; however, more accurate values can be obtained by feeding real data of that particular building.
Efficient design parameters help in reduction of energy consumption by almost 20% - 30% [5].
Power Factor Full load Efficiency (%) Single Phase   0.80 40-75 Three Phase 15-50 HP 0.82 85-88 50-200 HP 0.85 88-90 200-400 HP 0.87 93 >400 HP 0.88 >93 Conclusion This study has examined the different types of buildings present in KSA based on the meteorological data using computer simulation software.