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The latter category encompasses fossil fuels, such as coal, and renewable raw materials derived from plants.
In addition to the aforementioned types of waste, other types of organic waste are also suitable for the production of carbon materials.
Therefore, despite the intricate condensation structure of hydrolysis lignin and associated materials, this category of waste can be viewed as a secondary raw material for the manufacture of new materials, particularly for the creation of carbon materials with magnetic properties.
The study employed hydrolysed lignin derived from the Zaporizhzhia Hydrolysis Plant waste materials.
Coey, Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2010

As an important part of earthquake disaster relief, highway traffic system is the passage for rescue staffs, material transport and evacuation.
Acknowledgements This work was financially supported by the Science and Technology Project of Western Traffic Construction (2008 318 740 054 and 2009 318 740 099) and the Chongqing Natural Science Foundation (cstc2012jjA30008).
References [1] National standards of the People’s Republic of China, Post-earthquake Field Works: Part 3: Code for Field Survey (GB/T18208.3-2000), Beijing: Standards Press of China, (2000) (In Chinese) [2] China Earthquake Administration, Provisions on Evaluation to Seismic Damage Loss (Tentative), Beijing: China Earthquake Administration, (1997) (In Chinese) [3] Hongmin Su, Weidong Deng, Classification of Seismic Damage Grade of Highway Subgrade, Journal of Chongqing University of Technology, (2010) (In Chinese) [4] Hongmin Su, Study on Safety Detection Evaluation and Repair & Reinforcement Technology for Highway Subgrade after Earthquakes, Chongqing: Master’s degree thesis of Chongqing Jiaotong University, (2011) (In Chinese)

Design and Procedure of Experiment Experiment Material.
The 20L collapsible fabric tank is chose as material.
Analysis of aging theory about flexible tank polyurethane material by American army[J].
Synthetic Material Aging and Application, 2001，2:40-41
Journal of Zhejiang University (Engineering Science), 2006,40(2):348-351

Introduction A 9Cr-3Co-WVNbB steel is an advanced material for boiler pipe and tubes of fossil power plants with working temperature of 620°С [1,2].
Acknowledgements This study was supported by the Russian Science Foundation, Project no.14-29-00173.
Viswanathan, Creep resistant steels, Woodhead Publishing in Materials, Cambridge, England, 2008
Scarlin, The European Efforts in Material Development for 650°C USC Power Plants—COST522, ISIJ International 42 (2002) 1515-1519
Nelson, Ferritic/martensitic steels for next-generation reactors, Journal of Nuclear Materials 371 (2007) 37–52

Lee 1� 1 Center for Advanced Plasma Surface Technology, SungKyunKwan University, Suwon 440-746, South Korea 2 Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, South Korea Keywords: Al3Ti, manganese, intermetallics, oxidation Abstract.
Introduction The ordered intermetallic compounds of Al3Ti have received a strong interest as potential high temperature structural materials because of low density, high temperature strength and excellent oxidation resistance.
Experimental procedure The -325 mesh elemental powders of Al(99.5% pure), Mn(99.9% pure) and Ti(99.9% pure) were used as starting materials to yield the composition of (Al+8 at.

 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 2 � � � � (degree) Relative Intensity � L12-Al3Ti � � DO22-Al3Ti TiC DO23-Al3Ti � � � � � � � 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
� 1200��� � 1100��� � 1000��� � 900��� � (a) 
 

 
 
 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 2�� � � (degree) Relative Intensity DO22-Al3Ti TiC DO23-Al3Ti 
 � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 276MPa 207MPa 136MPa (b) � � � � � � � � � � 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 2�� � � (degree) Relative Intensity DO22-Al3Ti TiC DO23-Al3Ti 
 � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 276MPa 207MPa 136MPa (b) � � � � � � � � � � (d) 500nm (d) 500nm Al-K���� Mn-K���� Ti-K���� (c) 10��� � Al-K���� Mn-K���� Ti-K���� (c) 10��� � (b) 5��� � Al-K���� Mn-K���� Ti-K���� (b) 5��� � (b) 5��� � Al-K���� Mn-K���� Ti-K���� 50nm (c) 50nm (c) (d) Journal

Composite materials based on FRP significantly increase the economic viability of construction of buildings and bridges [1,2].
Test program Test specimens and materials.
Bank, Structural design with FRP materials, Composite for Construction, John Willey and Sons Ltd, 2006
Saafi, Flexural Behaviour of Concrete Beams Reinforced with Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer, ACI Structural Journal, Vol. 97, No 5, 2000, pp. 712-719
Garbacz, Investigation on Concrete Beams Reinforced with Basalt Rebars as an Effective Alternative of Conventional R/C Structures, Procedia Engineering, Elsevier, Science Direct, Volume 57, 2013, pp. 1183-1191

The charging materials used to prepare experimental alloys were aluminum 99.99% pure, ingots containing 0.5% Mg, 0.5% Si and 0.2% Fe; the balance were Al, magnesium 99.90% pure, copper 99.90 pure, technical grade silicon 99.9 pure, master alloys Al - 10 % Mn, Al - 10 % Cr, Al - 10 % Fe.
Tanihata H., Sugawara T., Matsuda K., Ikeno S. // Journal of Materials Science, 1999, vol.34, p. 1205. 5.
Muddle, Institute of Materials Engineering Australasia Ltd, 2004, p.32. 6.

In practice, the C/S of pastes may be altered by adding reactive, silica-rich pozzolanic materials such as silica fume, fly ash and metakaolin, however, the latter two materials also introduce much alumina in potentially reactive form.
References [1] Wei Fengyan, Lan Huixiang, Xu Zhongzi, China Concerete and Cement Productc, 2005, (6):4-6 [2] Feng Xiaoxin, Feng Naiqian, Journal of Building Materials, 2004, 7(1):1-7
[6] Gu Tiren, Li Weilang, Dai Lerong, surfacial chemistry, BeiJing: Science Press, 1999.

The delivery process of sustainable construction particularity becomes more complex by using environmentally-friendly building materials, construction standards and decreasing environmental load.
On the one hand, the process management can recognize the waste and improve efficiency in the use of building materials, reduce the construction cost; on the other hand, it can guarantee the stability of the workflow through the plan and control system.
Extending the service life of building is a sustainable method, which relatively reduce the material consumption.
With the rapidly development of construction industry, we must aware of that the science is all-inclusive.
Riley: Journal of Construction Engineering and Management. 2006,10

Three kinds of canopy have some characteristics of single material, design standardization, industrial component manufacture, high degree precast assembly of on-site installation, rapid construction.
Canopy roof material is generally profiled color steel plate and arch-pressure plate.
E Defects of building material Instantaneous tensile, compressive and shear strength of material is considered in the design, although calculation value of the strength meet the requirements, with the increase of service life, fatigue stress of steel structure increases, so bearing capacity of steel structure also reduces.
Journal of Chongqing Jianzhu University.2005.4.
Building Science Research of Sichuan.2004.2.