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Varistor voltage of Zinc oxide ceramic increased with the amount of grains and grain boundaries increased.
The average grain size decreased and the number of grain boundaries increased because of MnO2 hindering the growth of zinc oxide ceramic grains in process of sintering.
When the samples were sintered at higher temperatures, the grain size became bigger.
It can be clearly seen that, when the sample were sintered at higher temperature, the grain became uniform and grain boundary decreased.
Effcet of Sb2O3 doping content on grain-boundary characteristics and electrical properties of ZnO varistors[J].

Nearly 20% of the hip replacement operations are revisions, repairs to the original implants, and as the population receiving such implants becomes younger relative to mortality, this number is likely to increase.
The microstructure is formed of an alumina matrix with quite elongated grains, and small zirconia inclusions as inter- and intra-granular grains.
The alumina grains elongation will further improve the mechanical properties.
The zirconia grain size is around 200 nm, several times finer than the alumina grain size.
Those zirconia particles are found to be both intergranular, situated at either grain boundaries or triple points, and intragranular, as indeed some zirconia particles are found within alumina grains.

The experimental steel are complete recrystallization., and 100% ferritic structure, and grain sizes about 10.0 to 11.0 grade.
With coiling temperature increases, when the same cold reduction ratio, the grains coarsening somewhat.
Under different coiling temperature, with the cold reduction ratio increase, the ferrite grain change more small, and the grains are equiaxed.
This is because in the cold rolling process, the grain was deformed, along with the cold reduction ratio increase, the number of the deformed grain increaseed, during annealing nucleation position increased, deformation by reply and recrystallization, grain annexed grew up, so restricted -phase recrystallization grains comparison after small homogeneous.
Conclusions (1) The experimental steel are complete recrystallization., and 100% ferritic structure, and grain sizes about 10.0 to 11.0 grade

Another data shows that [3], α fiber texture (<110> ∥ RD) of cold-rolled steel sheet will evolve with annealing temperature rising during recrystallizating process, and the γ fiber texture (<111> ∥ ND) pie grain annealed microstructure are formed by rotating crystal grain and crystal boundary migration.
When the temperature rises to 800℃, the internal atomic activity increased , the dislocation density is high in sub-boundary, grain growth and the large grains grow by cannibal the small grains, the number of dislocations reduced within the crystals, crystal tend to be stable from the unstable state, the growth rate is different between γ and α fiber texture, γ-oriented grains grow rapidly by cannibal other orientation grains, resulting in the remained cold rolling textures disappeared with α orientation.It was also proved in this experiment, the maximum {111} texture component is obtained, orientation density reached 5.1. the maximum pole density of {111} crystal face is obtained,reaching to 5.61, the r value measuring deep-drawing properties rise to 2.30, it is proved that the recrystallization texture evolved fully and recrystallzing fully.
At the time {111} <110> component strength decreased, it is because the new {111} <112> grain has formed at the deformation {111} <110> grain, the {111} <110> component strength reduced.
Because the new {111} <112> grains are part of {111} oriented grain texture, therefore the sum of pole density of favorable texture and the {111} crystal face percent continues to increase with increasing temperature.

A number of deposition techniques [1,2], including sol-gel deposition, thermal evaporation, metal-organic chemical vapor deposition(MOCVD), vacuum sputtering, hydrothermal growth, have been used to fabricate the BaTiO3 thin films.
The average grain size and relative density were shown as Table 1.
It was found that both grain size and density increase quickly with the increase of sintering temperature.
Above 1050°C, the grain size of specimen turned bigger.
Below 1050°C, the grain was finer and the porosity became higher.

The hysteresis loss is structure sensitive and is decreased by the following methods: increasing grain size, lowering the level of interstitial impurities such as carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and sulphur, reducing the number of non-metallic inclusions or precipitates, avoiding the introduction of stress, and developing favorable crystallographic textures.
At the higher hot band annealing temperature, a coarser hot band grain size was obtained.
The grain size effect on core loss can be negligible because the grain sizes of final products are similar.
During final annealing, the grain boundaries of hot band act as very important nucleation sites. {111} textures tend to nucleate at the grain boundaries.
Therefore, hot band annealing is a very useful method to increase the grain size of hot band.

The number of the octahedral along c-axis between two neighboring (Bi2O2)2+ layers is indicated by m.
It is recognized that the grains of CBT (⊥) are oriented to the c-axis, whereas the grains in CBT (∥) are oriented along a (b) axis.
In the RO BT sample, the grain was randomly oriented.
It is recognized that the grains of BT (⊥) are oriented to the c-axis, whereas the grains in BT (∥) are oriented along a (b) axis.
In the hot pressing sample, some plate grains are oriented and some plate grains are randomly oriented.

The different specimen locations chosen for thickness measurement are labeled by numbers from the dome center to the edge.
In EBSD maps, low angle grain boundaries (LAGBs, between 2° and 15°) were depicted as white lines and high angle grain boundaries (HAGBs, ˃15°) as blank lines.
Many lenticular type twins are observed near the big grains.
It appears that most of the grains have grown larger.
The average grain size increases from 11.5 μm to 12.9 μm.

Our country is rich in mineral resources, in the full utilization of mineral resource service society construction at the same time; a large number of mineral resources exploitation also brought an incredible amount of tailings.
Every year because of a large accumulation of tailings discharge by the cultivated land occupied, environmental pollution and casualty case for infinite in number.
Table 1 and Table 2 respectively is MiaoGou iron ore concentrator, Luan County cherry blossoms iron ore tailings concentrator grain size analysis form.
Table 2 Luan County cherry blossoms iron ore tailings concentrator grain size analysis form Grain of level（mm） +0.074 -0.074～+0.056 -0.056～+0.037 -0.037～+0.019 -0.019 Production rate（%） 31.04 19.47 17.04 14.60 17.85 Luan County cherry blossoms tailings tailing grain average particle size is 0.0978mm, tailings of median diameter of 0.028mm.
Table 5 Test the mortar material used Serial number Water Cement Sand Tail ore Stone B-01 185 330 718 0 1172 B-02 269 330 304 414 1172 B-03 275 330 235 483 1172 Table 6 Tail ore concrete compressive strength and workability Serial number Tail ore replace rate (%) Water cement ratio Collapsibility (mm) Compressive strength (MPa) Concrete workability 7d 28d B-01 0 0.56 80 27.2 30.1 Good liquidity and cohesiveness, no secrete water B-02 60 0.86 80 26.6 37.4 A bit poor liquidity, common cohesiveness, secrete water B-03 70 0.88 80 21.3 27.4 A bit poor liquidity, common cohesiveness, secrete water The tail in the ore contains a certain amount of cement a reduced secrete water and the problem of segregation, and limestone and cement and water formed the paste, improve the concrete workability.

Temperature dependence of dielectric constant of barium titanate of different grain size [13] 2.
Some dopants inhibit grain growth and small grain ferroelectric ceramics exhibit high dielectric constant (Fig. 4) [14].
A large number of these compounds were found to be ferroelectric, some with very high Curie temperatures, e.g.
Numbers next to additive element indicate the mole percent addition [22].
(right) (dashes) grain size (solid line) conductivity of Nb doped BaTiO3 ceramics [23].