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Machining technology and cutting regimes, as well as the material of the tool being used, all have a direct impact on the surface texture and consequently on the quality of the repair as a whole.
Machining technology and cutting regimes, as well as the tool’s material, have a direct impact on the 3-D surface roughness and consequently on the quality of the whole repair.
Originally the grinding device was designed for machining crankshaft crankpin journals.
Fig. 2 shows a marine diesel engine crankshaft journal surface measured with a Taylor Hobson 3-D stylus profiler.
Jiang, Advanced Techniques for Assessment Surface Topography, London, Kogan Page Science, 2003, ISBN 978-1903996119 [8] ISO/DIS 25178-2, Geometrical product specifications (GPS) - Surface texture: Areal - Part 2: Terms, definitions and surface texture parameters, www.iso.org [9] T.

Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 227 (2016), p.153-160 [3] J.
Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials, Vol. 69 (2017), p. 19-29 [8] J.
Materials Science and Engineering: A, 651 (2016), p. 18-26 [9] R.
Materials Science and Engineering: A, 676 (2016), p. 395-405 [11] M.
Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 135(2-3) (2003), p. 347-357 [13] J.

The surface properties of wood-plastic composite materials have been found to be similar to those of polyolefin materials, thereby presenting a challenge to the use of adhesive joining methods.
Plasma chemistry can be performed to improve the adhesive properties of polyolefin materials.
Viöl, Plasma treatment of wood-plastic composites to enhance their adhesion properties, Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology 22 (2008) 2025-2037 [4] L.
Polini, Cold plasma treatment of polypropylene surface: A study on wettability and adhesion, Journal of Materials Processing Technology 121 (2002) 373-382 [12] L.
Sorrentino, Ageing time of wettability on polypropylene surfaces processed by cold plasma, Journal of Materials Processing Technology 153-154 (2004) 519-525 [13] D.H.

Friction Stir Welding of Dissimilar Materials with Reinforcement of Copper Particulates Rahul B Dhabale1,a*, Vijaykumar S.
This process cause onion structure because of mixture between two materials and exchanging of the atoms within it with different mechanical properties.
Future scope of work shall be welding of dissimilar materials like steel to aluminium.
Pal, Multi Objective Optimization of Friction Stir Welding Parameters for Joining of Two Dissimilar Thin Aluminum Sheets, Procedia Materials Science 6 (2014) 178-87
Ojo, Metallurgical and mechanical properties of underwater friction stir welds of Al7075 aluminum alloy, Journal of Materials Processing Tech. 262 (2018) 239–256

SPS can be used to prepare for metallic materials, ceramic materials and composite materials [19, 20].
It can also be used to prepare for nano block materials, amorphous block materials, functionally gradient materials and so on.
Kato, et al., Fe76Si9.6B8.4P6 glassy powder soft-magnetic cores with low core loss prepared by spark-plasma sintering, Materials Science and Engineering.
Deng, et al., Preparation of pure iron/Ni–Zn ferrite high strength soft magnetic composite by spark plasma sintering, Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials. 361 (2014), 166-169
Huang, Preparation and soft magnetic properties of composite magnetic cores of Fe-based nanocrystalline and ferrite, Journal of Functional Materials. 11 (2008), 008

Method and Material 2.1.
Ahmed, Electrical, thermoelectrical and magnetic properties of approximately 20-nm Ni-Co-O nanoparticles and investigation of their conduction phenomena, Materials Chemistry and Physics, 192 (2017) 41-47
Hussain, Zinc oxide nanoparticles: a review of their biological synthesis, antimicrobial activity, uptake, translocation and biotransformation in plants, Journal of materials science, 53 (2018) 185-201
Varghese, Synthesis of biogenic ZnO nanoparticles and its impact on seed germination and root growth of Oryza sativa L. and Vigna unguiculata L, Materials Today: Proceedings, (2020)
Girigoswami, Studies on polymer-coated zinc oxide nanoparticles: UV-blocking efficacy and in vivo toxicity, Materials Science and Engineering: C, 56 (2015) 501-510

With further increase of the elastic tool pressure, the excessive material wave deforms along the bending former radius (fig. 1, c).
Akdemir, Computer aided modelling of flexible forming process, Journal of Materials Processing Technology. 148 (2004) 376–381
Ahmad, Sheet metal forming with the aid of flexible punch, numerical approach and experimental validation, CIRP Journal of Manufacturing Science and Technology. 3 (2010) 196–203
Ahmad, Computer aided modelling of friction in rubber-pad forming process, Journal of Materials Processing Technology. 209 (2009) 4925–4934
Plotnikov, Constrained Bend in Cold Sheet Press-Forming by Elastomer, Bulletin of Samara Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. 6(4) (2013) 855-860

Anissimov, "Plasma treatment as an efficient tool for controlled drug release from polymeric materials: A review," Journal of Controlled Release, vol. 266, pp. 57–74, 2017
Materials Research Society, 2013
Herrero, "Amorphous WO₃₋ₓ thin films with color characteristics tuned by the oxygen vacancies created during reactive DC sputtering," Journal of Materials Science & Technology, vol. 78, pp. 223–228, 2021
Hom-on et al., "Spectroscopic analyses of sputtered aluminum oxide films with oxygen plasma treatments," Materials Science Forum, vol. 947, pp. 96–100, 2019
Yang, "Annealing effects on the structural and optical properties of WO₃ thin films," Journal of Materials Science & Technology, vol. 30, no. 7, pp. 702–707, 2014

Matuszak,” Rapid tooling: the state of the art,” Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol. 106, 2000, Pages 191-198
Tansey,” Alternative materials for rapid tooling,”Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol. 121, 2002, Pages 313-317
Bolt,” Study on the usability and robustness of polymer and wood materials for tooling in sheet metal forming,”Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol. 202, 2008, Pages 47-53
Tansey,” Rapid tooling: selective laser sintering injection tooling,”Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol. 132, 2003, Pages 42-48
Tansey,” A note on rapid metal composite tooling by selective laser sintering,”Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol.153, 2004, Pages 28-34

Experimental Materials and Methods Mg-8.9wt%Al-0.53wt%Zn alloy ingots are adopted as the materials for experiment.
Acknowledgements The present research is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 50735005, No.50605059), Natural Science Foundation for Young Scientists of Shanxi Province, China (Grant No.2007021026), and Natural Science Foundation of North University of China.
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