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There are two data collection techniques used, namely direct and indirect methods [9].
SvCoal,ton=SVEnergi, GJ x Total Coal yang dibakar, tonTotal HHV Coal, GJ (6) Step 6: Calculation of greenhouse gas emission reductions with equations [12] Regas emissions =SvCoal, ton x FE, ppm (7) Where FE is an emission factor taken from data released by the Environmental Department of Power Plant of Paiton Unit 8 as in Table 2 below: Table 2.
Then the average value of the data is taken and the results are obtained as in Table 3, from the data calculated enthalpy and flow of each process.
The enthalpy of each data is searched based on temperature and pressure references on the steam table [11].
Then an interpolation method is carried out to find out the value of a variable that is missing in the known data range on the steam table.

A major problem with this type of test is that a set of undamaged test data is required for comparison.
For a method to be useful in detecting damage in an existing bridge, this need for undamaged data must be relaxed.
The data were sampled at 25 kHz after anti-alias filtering.
The following data analysis used the mid-span acceleration data
Using these data, time-frequency relationships where derived for varying levels of damage.

With this approach, unlabeled training data can be used.
Han, Outlier detection for temporal data, Synthesis Lectures on Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery 5, no. 1 (2014) 1-129
Holmes, A data mining framework for electricity consumption analysis from meter data, Industrial Informatics, IEEE Transactions on 7, no. 3 (2011) 399-407
Kasetty, On the need for time series data mining benchmarks: a survey and empirical demonstration, Data Mining and knowledge discovery 7, no. 4 (2003) 349-371
Kumar, Comparative evaluation of anomaly detection techniques for sequence data, In 2008 Eighth IEEE International Conference on Data Mining, pp. 743-748.

Fig. 1 Modules in the system and their interaction relationship Data Communication.
Serial communication protocol can also be used for remote data acquisition device data.
The system provides a complete data management capability, all the received raw construction data are stored in database.
In the data management window, the specified history construction data can be played back to reproduce the sinking job scenario, which greatly facilitates accumulation of construction experience and analysis of construction accident.
A data reduction schema for triangulated surface computer aided geometrics design.

In this case, the liquid metal serves as an electrode for the reduction of ions containing Ge to germanium in the atomic state, with their subsequent dissolution and the formation of a melt of eutectic composition.
A continuous cathodic reduction reaction provides concentration supersaturation of the melt with germanium, resulting in crystallization of Ge in the melt at the interface with the substrate.
In addition, the temperature of the electrolyte solution may affect the rate of the electrochemical reduction reaction of ions containing Ge.
The first step on the curve (1-GeNWs growth) is responsible for the electrochemical reduction of Ge-containing ions, that is, for the growth of Ge nanowires, the appearance of a black film is visually observed.
Based on the data obtained, it was found that the arrays of GeNW obtained at an electrolyte solution temperature of 20°C and 90°C contain Ge, O and In atoms (Fig.5a, b).

Measurement uncertainty, termed validated uncertainty (VU) is one such indicator, in addition to validated measurement value (VMV) and measurement value status (MVS) obtained from sensor localized fault detection, isolation and data recovery.
(1) FDIR (100 days): fault mode )1( f is FDIR as healthy at 100 days, corresponding to a reduction in validated uncertainty.
This is also reflected in the reduction in )100( )1( 0 + P of Fig 2.
This reduction is depending on the efficiency of validation ( )1()1( ,cα ) and the prior probability of faulty modal operation: )100( )1( 0 − P . (2) Maintenance (200 days): maintenance intervention at 200 days resets all fault modes with 99.99% efficiency, resulting in a large reduction in VU and significant a reduction in the probability of fault for all fault modes. (3) FDIR (300 days): fault mode )2( f is FDIR as faulty at 300 days and increase in measurement VU reflects the diagnosis.

After reduction process, the crystalline phases of membrane were investigated by using X-ray diffraction (XRD; model JEOL, JDX-3530).
Each of the data represented an average of measurements at least 5-10 tests.
Fig. 1 XRD patterns of 10, 20, 40wt% Ni/Al2O3 membranes sintered at 1400°C for 4h with and without CIP: (a) after sintering; (b) after reduction by H2 Fig. 1 exhibits XRD patterns of Ni/Al2O3 membranes with 10, 20, 40 wt% Ni content sintered at 1400°C for 4h.
It was found that membranes compacted with and without CIP showed no difference in phases after sintering and reduction processes.
For XRD analysis, membranes compacted with and without CIP showed no difference in phases after reduction process at 900°C; the membranes contained Al2O3 and Ni with small amount of nickel aluminum oxide.

However, most of HSPs also encounter with a significant problem of absolute volume reduction of hydration products at early stage or “chemical shrinkage” and consequent self-desiccation taking place after initial setting or “autogenous shrinkage”.
Nowadays, there is a lot of research data has been published regarding its effect on cement-based materials.
Specimen preparation and testing procedures Early-age shrinkage of the OPC and RHA pastes were tested for internal volumetric reduction at 23 oC ± 2 oC and atmospheric pressure in accordance with ASTM C1608 [7].
A modified apparatus for measuring the volumetric reduction of samples is shown in Fig. 3.
Results and discussion Effect of superplasticizer type The measured volumetric reduction (shrinkage) at first 72-hours hydration of OPC paste mixtures is displayed in Fig. 4.

Although most industrial practice are still rely on the vibration spectral data analysis as a primary tools for assessing machine condition, both techniques have been established to have their unique advantages and disadvantages associated with the monitoring and fault diagnosis of machinery.
Worm gearbox normally consists of one step speed reduction mechanism but capable for higher reduction ratio.
Since the vibration analysis could predict the gear failure effectively, the application need to be extend to the output shaft of worm gearboxes which typically has great speed reduction compared to the input shaft.
The reduction ratio of the gearbox is 1:60 as the worm gear is located above the sixty teeth worm wheel.
Swarnamani, Experimental studies on the effect of reduction in gear tooth stiffness and lubricant film thickness in a spur geared system, Tribology International 42 (2009) 340-352

Direct methods monitor the presence of Ca(OH)2 and its subsequent reduction with respect to time (Frattini test, saturated lime test, and modified Chapelle test).
For example, one study [4] showed that a 5% cement substitution by silica fume led to a reduction in compressive strength.
Salgueiro et al. [3] performed compression and bending tests on similar samples and reported that both tests indicate increased resistance with increased curing time and with reduction of the water/cement ratio.
Samples Cement Silica fume Ground quartz SCBA Water Ref 1200 0 0 0 360 Silica fume 5% 1140 60 0 0 360 10% 1080 120 0 0 360 15% 1020 180 0 0 360 20% 960 240 0 0 360 Ground quartz 960 0 240 0 360 Mixture 1 960 40 200 0 360 Mixture 2 960 80 160 0 360 SCBA 960 0 0 240 360 Results Figure 3 shows the data obtained from the compressive strength test conducted on specimens of cement pastes with 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20% silica fume.
On the other hand, a reduction of resistance to bending when the level of cement substitution by silica fume is greater than 15% has been reported [6].