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Online since: July 2011
Authors: Ze Fu Bao, Xiao Qing Kang, Wen Sun, Yan Ping Sun, Chun Yan Wu
The data uniformity, the security, the trackability cannot obtain the guarantee.
The CAPP system carries on the technological analysis or the official design according to the CAD transmission's data nature either the external cooperation data.After the CAPP design had ended, carries on the work clothes jig design, the CAM simulates the data transfer to the downstream, carries on the data appraisal, and decids that the process flows: The feedback makes the revision for the CAD system; The feedback makes the revision for the CAPP system; The concurrent design is carries on under the concurrent design logical process control, obtains the feedback information unceasingly from the design activity, between the function group the intercoordination, realizes the product development design in the tendency, achieves the optimization plan, the reduction product leaving the plant time goal.
The concurrent design causes the overall system under the process control to carry on under the unified computerization environment, flow control system data direction, and to control the data pre-issue, the issue and the product data's change.
The enterprise production process makes up by many incident cross-correlation duty unit constitutions, has some specific job requirement specific post in each duty unit, to have certain work experience's personnel to complete, has the specific type data in the specific stage, some situations were only then obtain this stage data in the formerly data foundation after processing.
It has realized the data centralized management, has achieved the correct data, transmited the correct person through the correct way.
Online since: November 2011
Authors: Jian Liang Rui, Chen Yu Chen, Yin Long Wang, Ru Jun Tao, Sheng Sheng, Jun Wei
Where dissolved P is the primary target nutrient for reduction, subsurface-flow designs with high-adsorption capacity substrates are usually studied [6].
However, parameters such as pH, dissolved oxygen and oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) will largely influence the P-exchange processes between the soil and water interface.
The reduction of Fe3+ to Fe2+ is a significant loss of P binding capacity because Fe is one of the most abundant metals in soils [12].
Much of the available data on treatment wetlands report percent removal of phosphorus, without regard to hydraulic loading rates or characteristics of the wetland that influence phosphorus retention.
Characterization of Oxidation-Reduction Processes in Constructed Wetlands for Swine Wastewater Treatment.
Online since: December 2012
Authors: Ying Yin
Table 1, Nations GDP energy consumption compared in 2010 Nation GDP(Units:$10 million) Primary energy consumption (Million tons oil equivalent) GDP($) per ton oil equivalent $100 million GDP energy consumption (10 thousand tons of oil equivalent) U.S. 146241.84 2285.7 6398.12 1.56 China 57451.33 2432.2 2362.11 4.23 Japan 53908.97 500.9 10762.42 0.93 Germany 33058.98 319.5 10347.10 0.97 France 25554.39 252.4 10124.56 0.99 United Kingdom 22585.65 209.1 10801.36 0.93 Russia 14769.12 690.9 2137.66 4.68 India 14300.20 524.2 2728.00 3.67 Total world 619634.29 12002.4 5162.59 1.94 Data source: BP Statistical Review of World Energy—June 2011 Connotation of mechanical equipment recycling and remanufacturing Remanufacturing of mechanical equipment is a series of technical measures or the engineering activities to repair or reform for worn out machinery equipment, which takes mechanical equipment products life cycle theory as the guide, take worn out machinery equipment to achieve performance
Recycled and remanufacturing has following features: A.Reduce First, achieve reduction requirement in the design through ecological design of MEM.
Try to improve the reliability of the unit of remanufacturing, reduce redundant surplus to achieve the purpose of "reduction"
Remanufacturing & energy conservation & emission reduction of mechanical and electrical products [R].
The ninth China international machinery and electronic products exposition of energy saving and emission reduction and mechanical and electrical industry development BBS experts report essays 2008-9:10−59
Online since: October 2012
Authors: Mohamed Abdul Rahman, S. Ahmad Fakhri, J. Muhammad Hafiz
Respondents were also asked to identify benefits of implementing LM to their respective companies and the data were shown in table 3.
All respondents agreed that LM implementation leads to reduction of waste (93.48%) consistent with LM system target of eliminating seven wastes including overproduction or excess inventory, waiting in production, over processing, unnecessary motion, transportation and defects.
Deviation Rank Safety Scheduling Working procedure Inventory Quality control Management Material handling Employee management Product-oriented layout Maintenance Machine and tool Supplier Product design 108 107 105 102 100 99 97 95 93 91 90 88 81 4.15 4.12 4.04 3.92 3.85 3.84 3.73 3.65 3.58 3.50 3.46 3.38 3.12 0.97 0.71 0.72 0.74 0.92 0.73 0.78 0.79 0.95 0.86 0.98 0.85 0.99 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Table 3: Benefits of implementing lean in production Factor Total score Mean % Rank Reduction of waste 122 0.94 93.85 1 Reduction of cost 120 0.92 92.31 2 Reduction in lead time 118 0.91 90.77 3 Reduction of inventory 117 0.90 90.00 4 Productivity improvement 110 0.85 84.62 5 Quality improvement 100 0.77 76.92 6 Increase in flexibility 97 0.75 74.62 7 Table 4: Ranking of lean tools based on implementation Lean Tool/Technique % Rank 5S’s 89.9 1 Kaizen 88.7 2 Plan-Do-Check-Action (PDCA) 84.8 3 Standardize Work 77.8 4 Kanban 68.6
Online since: January 2020
Authors: Nikolay Spirin, Oleg Onorin, Alexander Istomin
At the initial time, when the natural gas flow rate decreases due to an increased temperature in the hearth, which is related to reduction in heat input for natural gas decomposition, Si content in hot metal hot metal increases.
After a certain time period equal to the time of one burden cycle in the furnace, we observe a decrease in heating of the lower zone due to increased direct reduction of iron oxides.
However, further on we observe a decrease in heating of the lower furnace zone and decrease in Si content due to a temperature drop in the furnace stack and increased direct reduction of iron oxides.
Numerical simulation on dynamic and static holdups of powder inside pre-reduction shaft furnace: Proc. the 6th Int. congress on the science and technology of ironmaking, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
Kubokochi, Development of process data control system in iron-making process, Transactions of the Iron and Steel Institute of Japan 23 (1982)
Online since: June 2018
Authors: Dominik Gazdič, Karel Dvořák, Simona Ravaszová
Potential way how to reduce emissions in case of cement production is reduction of the clinker amount in the final product because approximately half a ton of CO2 per each ton of Portland cement is released when Portland clinker is fired [1].
A significant reduction in CO2 emissions can be achieved by blended cement production.
For the reduction of the energy demands the milling agents are widely used in the case of cement.
This means primarily the passivation of the forces of the materials surface group, which consequently leads to the reduction of their potential and next to the reduction of the total surface energy.
The data obtained for the milling time 1, 5, 10, 50 and 80 are presented in table 4.
Online since: January 2013
Authors: Liu Sheng Zha, Chen Lu, Xiao Yun Liu
Au NPs can be introduced into the hydrogel matrix by in-situ reduction of AuCl4- ions or by incubation process after blending the two components [8,9].
In this paper, Au NPs were loaded into PNIPAM based temperature responsive microgels by two-step seed-growth process, by in-situ reduction of AuCl4- coordinated into their polymer network.
Then 1 mg NaBH4 dissolved in 1 mL water was quickly added to the solution while stirring, and the reduction reaction was carried out at 8°C for 15 min to prepare seed solution.
After stirring for 15min, 1250 mL of NH2OH·HCl aqueous solution (2.78g/L) was added to the mixture, and the second reduction reaction was lasted at 8°C for less than 30 min to allow for the growth of Au NPs.
The scattering light was collected at 90°C, and the CONTIN statistical method was used to convert the measured correlation data into a particle size distribution.
Online since: July 2014
Authors: G. Sasikala, C.S. Surendran
The strain is based on the damage evolution, in the regime corresponding to reduction in the effective area of cross section.
The reduction in effective area is generally due to void growth at damage regime, but here it can be treated as material flow like thinning in diameter.
The fracture is caused due to reduction in area and shear type fracture along 45 degree with respect to the direction of loading is envisaged.
The reduction in area is treated as the damage propagation and is treated as a linear function with respect to the damage variable D.
As the functional relationship with fracture strain and other parameters are difficult to arrive, the influence trend may be judged based on experimental data.
Online since: October 2020
Authors: Sergio Neves Monteiro, Karollyne Gomes de Castro Monsores, Suzane de Sant’ana Oliveira, Anderson Oliveira da Silva, Ricardo Pondé Weber
Although high-density polyethylene (HDPE) has already been extensively studied, this did not happen with low-density polyethylene (LDPE), which makes the present investigation an essential work for understanding the possible changes that can occur to LDPE due to exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation at different times, providing data about its useful life [2-5].
It can still be seen that the crystallinity percentage presented a small reduction when compared to the material in condition of non-irradiated, that is, 10.1% for the LDPE irradiated to 150 hours and 7.4% to 300 hours.
Just as the random chain scission causes a reduction and a higher dispersion in the molecular mass, the crosslinking promotes an increase in this mass, which can only be measured through the gel content.
Conclusions · The tensile mechanical behavior of LDPE was altered by the UV radiation, causing a reduction in elongation and an increase in yield stress, additionally indicating that the LDPE suffered a brittleness process
A slight reduction in crystallinity, is attributed to molecular scission, observed by DSC analysis and FTIR
Online since: May 2013
Authors: Xun Guo Zhu, Gen Sheng Chen
The reduction rate α of the inflation rate represents the inhibition effect of 28d of the admixture to ASR.
The formula is as follows: (2) Whereis the reduction rate of the inflation rate.is the inflation rate of the reference mortar. %, is the inflation rate of the mortar mixed admixture. %.
The results and analysis The inflation rate and the reduction rate of the inflation rate (inhibition rate) of the mortar in the 1 d, 3 d, 7 d, 14 d and 28d is listed in table 2.
Table 2 The inflation rate and the reduction rate of the inflation rate in each age of the mortar bar.
By comparing inflation data of the two types of fly ash, we can find the inflation speed of the reaction drops down with the increase of the specific surface area of fly ash. 4.2 The inflation effect of slag Adding 15% ~ 45% slag also can achieve better inhibition effect.
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