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Introduction Grey iron is still the most common foundry metallic material, at 45% of total world castings production.
Of the phases in an iron structure cementite has the highest hardness (~660 HB), with graphite a contrastingly soft, low density material, which can act as a lubricant in machining procedures.
Tartera: Journal of AFS-ICM, 12, (1982), p. 46
Key Engineering Materials KEM, Vol.457 [Science and Processing of Cast Iron IX], (2011), p. 19-24.

Liang: Chinese Journal of Materials Research, Vol. 17 (2003) No.3, pp.262-267
[7] Nozaki T, Masao D and Kogurt Y: Materials Science and Engineering: A, Vol. 350 (2003) No.2, pp.233-237.

Materials and Methods Area of Study: Uyo, Nigeria is located within latitude 5.03ON and 5.09ON, and longitudes 7.93OE and 8.10OE, and is bounded on the east and south by an escarpment as high as 200m above sea level, allowing for slight variations in weather conditions, which might occur as a result of differences in location.
Materials Used: The program was written in java (Object-Oriented Programming language) using NETBEANS IDE platform which enables the easy writing, verification, validation and testing of the model on any operating system.
Commonwealth Science Council.
Belhamri, Design and simulation of a solar dryer for agriculture products, Journal of Food Engineering, 59 (2-3), (2003) 259–266

Chen1 1 Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, U.S.A. 2 Ford Research Laboratory, MD3028/SRL, Dearborn, MI 48121-2053, U.S.A.
One of the models that received significant attention during the last decade is the phase-field method that has been applied to modeling microstructure evolution for a wide variety of materials processes including precipitation reactions [1].
Cahn, Journal de Physique Vol.

The paper starts from the research of value-added of coal chemical products, through adding new variables to model of added value of 1 Research supported by the Humanity And Social Science Vitalization Fund Of Northwestern Polytechnical University ，project : RW200911. agricultural products, build value-added model of coal chemical products.
This project mainly turns the coal into ethylene and propylene and other basic chemical materials through advanced technology and low emissions technology, and further into downstream chemical products, which are widely used in basic necessities of daily consumer goods.
The experience of many energy industry shows that the alone output of upstream raw materials is far too inadequate to solve the capital and technology inputs demand of large scale, or even to irreparable damage to its surrounding natural resources.
Study on Environmental Sustainable Development of Energy and Chemical Base in Yulin: submitted to Journal of Socialist Theory Guide (2005) [2] Peng Peng.

Quantitative Correlation between Strength, Ductility and Precipitate Microstructures with PFZ in Al-Zn-Mg(-Ag, Cu) Alloys Tomo Ogura 1,a , Shoichi Hirosawa2,b Alfred Cerezo3,c and Tatsuo Sato2,d 1 Graduate student, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan and Academic visitor, University of Oxford, United Kingdom 2 Dept. of Metallurgy and Ceramics Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan 3 Dept. of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PH, United Kingdom a tomo@mtl.titech.ac.jp, b shoichi.hirosawa@mtl.titech.ac.jp, calfred.cerezo@materials.ox.ac.uk, d sato@mtl.titech.ac.jp Keywords: precipitate free zone, Al-Zn-Mg alloy, microalloying elements, tensile test, 3DAP, precipitate hardening Abstract.
Polmear: Journal of Institute of Metals, Vol. 89 (1960-61), p.51

The special location make Yichang become the important material distribution center in western Hubei province and eastern Chongqing, it plays an important role in the communication eastern and western.
Urban color is a city’s business card , and is the most direct material forms of the city image and features.
The research methods:questionnaire survey, taking photos ,collecting materials, records (Confirming color range refering to the Chinese architectural color card), interviewing survey.
Journal of Anhui Institute of Education, 2007 ( 01)
[3] J.Huang:Urban color recognition system[D].Wuhan: Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 2004.

A New Analytical Approach To The Cold And Hot Bond Rolling Of Unbounded Clad Sheet With Constant Shear Friction Gow-Yi Tzou 1,a, Thomas Neitzert 2,b, Ming-Nan Huang3,c 1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yung-Ta Institute of Technology, Ping-Tung, Taiwan 909 2 Department of Materials and Process Engineering, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand 3 Department of Physics, Yung-Ta Institute of Technology, Ping-Tung, Taiwan 909 a gowyi@mail.ytit.edu.tw, b neitzert@waikato.ac.nz, c mingnan@mail.ytit.edu.tw Keywords: Bond rolling, double-layer sheets, bonding point, thickness ratio of clad sheet Abstract.
Acknowledgements This work was sponsored by the National Science Council of Republic of China under grant No.
Tzou:Journal of Materials Processing Technology Vol. 62 (1996), p. 249.

Materials and methods Materials Fresh bananas were purchased from farmers market; Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus, Rhizopus sporangia, Penicillium and Saccharomycetes were all preserved in our laboratory; All the chemicals and reagents were obtained commercially and were of analytical grade.
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 2012,60(1):427-432
Topical Life Sciences Research. 2010, 21(1):91-100

Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Derived from Mill Scale Waste as Potential Scavenging Agent in Dye Wastewater Treatment for Batik Industry Azdiya Suhada Abdul Rahim Arifin1,a*, Ismayadi Ismail1,b, Abdul Halim Abdullah2,c, Farah Nabilah Shafiee1,d, Rodziah Nazlan1,e and Idza Riati Ibrahim1,f 1Materials Synthesis and Characterization Laboratory, Institute of Advanced Technology (ITMA), Universiti Putra Malaysia,43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia 2Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia aazdiyasuhada.abdrahim@gmail.com, bismayadi@upm.edu.my, chalim@upm.edu.my, dfarahnabilahshafiee@gmail.com, erodzienaz@gmail.com, fidza411@gmail.com Keywords: Mill scale, iron oxide nanoparticles, wastewater treatment, Magnetic separation technique, adsorption.
Materials and Methods Iron oxide was extracted from mill scale using the magnetic separation technique (MST) to separate iron oxide particles from non–magnetic particles and other impurities.
Premkumar, R.Ramesh, Removal of toxic substances from textile dyeing industry effluent using iron oxide nanoparticles, Indian Journal of Research. 5 (2016) 80 – 83
Robert, Particle Size and Microscopic Investigation of Iron Oxide Foulants in The Presence of Dispersants, Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc.,9911 Brecksville Road, Cleveland, OH 44141, 2006.