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Introduction Whenever two materials are joined an interface is created.
Junction can be treated as a sandwich material which can modulate the transport properties of individual materials.
The easiest set up for low melting materials is the resistive heating method.
An interface is defined as the region exhibiting properties differing from the joined materials.
Sen and Suchitra Sen, Journal of Materials Research 7, 1377, 1992

Increasing the rate of chemical processes in the case of bulk materials can be very slow.
Gvozdeva, Sunscreens, Raw materials and Packaging, 3 (2002) 8-10
Gladkov, New sunprotection materials, Raw materials and Packaging, 1 (2005) 57-60
Sviridova, Sun protective materials.
Li, Toxic potential of materials at the nanolevel, Science, 311 (2006) 622-627

Deifalla2,b* 1Assistant Professor, Physics and Applied Sciences, Future University in Egypt, New Cairo, Egypt 2Professor, Structural engineering and construction management, Future University in Egypt, New Cairo, Egypt a Soliman.alkhatib@fue.edu.eg, b*Ahmed.deifalla@fue.edu.eg Keywords: reliability index, two-way shear, lightweight concrete, EC2.
Those variabilities include and are not limited to the following: (1) random distribution of loads, material properties, and geometric; (2) variation due to small sample size; (3) variabilities of strength methods due to the simplification of actual behavior; (4) design, and construction errors; and (5) lack of knowledge of the real behavior.
International Journal of fatigue 133 (2020)105454
Materials and Structures.

The obtained results showed that power loss in polymer bearings is at least six times less than in conventional white metal ones indicating that polymer journal bearings are more energy efficient and environmentally friendly [15].
Materials and Method An in-situ study is carried out on board of several ships of different types; i.e. container ships, general cargo ships, and bulk carrier ships.
In 1988, Pearl presented the most important application of Bayes formula, called “Bayesian Networks” (BN) and which has a wide application in several fields of science, such as medicine, systems security analysis, image treatment and decision-making [32].
Vulic, ‘Environmental Friendly Ship Propulsion System: Case of Aft Stern Tube Bearing’, in 2012 International Conference on Offshore and Marine Technology: Science and Innovation, Rio Grande, Brazil, 2012, pp. 13–16
J. of Engineering Science and Technology Review 10 (4) (2017), pp. 185- 190

The critical component of KE is knowledge content, which stands for the KE details, such as compartment structural explanation, material performance list, sub-product design document and so on.
Acknowledgements This project was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 50975255), the National High Technology Research and Development Program (863) of China (No. 2009AA04Z146), and the Fundamental Research Funds for the CentralUniversities (No. 2010QNA4025).
Borges: Information Sciences.
Franke: CIRP Journal of Manufacturing Science and Technology.

The attraction forces between solid wall material and fluid including the intermolecular and surface forces differ from those in same materials.
Acknowledgements This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51076145).
Lemmon and R.T Jacobsen:International Journal of Thermophysics, Vol. 25(2004), No.1

Jana3,c 1,Department of Mathematics, University of Gour Banga, Malda 732 103, India 2Faculty of Military Science, Stellenbosch University, Saldanha 7395, South Africa 3Department of Applied Mathematics, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore 721 102, India atutusanasd@yahoo.co.in, b subhajitchakraborty7@gmail.com, c makinded@gmail.com, djana261171@yahoo.co.in Keywords: MHD flow, stretching cylinder, varaible thermal conductivity, entropy analysis, Bejan number Abstract: The present study is related to entropy analysis during magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) boundary layer flow of a viscous incompressible electrically conducting fluid past a stretching cylinder with convective heating in the presence of a transverse magnetic field.
Therefore while the transverse magnetic field serves to decelerate the fluid flow i.e. achieve flow regulation, the counter-productive effect of heating the fluid is also caused and this requires smart use of magnetic fields so that desired material characteristics are achieved and excessive temperatures not generated.
Makinde, Second law analysis of boundary layer flow with variable fluid properties, ASME - Journal of Heat Transfer, 139(10) (2017) Article# 104505
Nkansah-Gyekye, Numerical investigation into entropy generation in a transient generalized Couette flow of nanofluids with convective cooling, Sadhana - Academy Proceedings in Engineering Science, 40(7) (2015) 2073–2093
Makinde, Entropy analysis for MHD boundary layer flow and heat transfer over a flat plate with a convective surface boundary condition, International Journal of Exergy 10 (2) (2012) 142-154

Otsuka 1,c 1 National Institute for Material Science, 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan 2 Multi-disciplinary Materials Research Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China 3 Department of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China a WANG.Yu@nims.go.jp, bREN.Xiaobing@nims.go.jp, cOTSUKA.Kazuhiro@nims.go.jp Keywords: Ti-Ni, martensitic transition, strain glass transition, point defects, shape memory effect, ferroic glass.
Acknowledgment The present work was supported by Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B) of JSPS, National Science Foundation of China, and National Basic Research Program of China under Grant No. 2004CB619303 as well as 111 project of China.
Angell: Science Vol. 267 (1995), p. 1924
Ren: Progress in Materials Science Vol. 50 (2005), p. 511
Viehland: Journal of Applied Physics Vol. 88 (2000), p. 3433

Comparative Analysis of Energy Production and Simulation Software for Photovoltaic Systems in Multiple Moroccan Sites Younes FAOUZI1,a, Omkaltoume EL FATNI1,b, Abderrahim MAFTOUH1,c*, Bouchra LAARABI2,d and Abdelfattah BARHDADI2,e 1LPHE-Modelling and Simulations, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, B.P. 1014, Rabat, Morocco. 2Physics of Semiconductors and Solar Energy Research Team (PSES), Energy Research Center, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Mohammed V University in Rabat, B.P. 5118, Rabat, Morocco.
ayounes_faouzi@um5.ac.ma, bo.elfatni@um5r.ac.ma, cabderrahim_maftouh@um5.ac.ma, dbouchra_laarabi@um5.ac.ma, eabdelfettah.barhdadi@ens.um5.ac.ma *Corresponding author: Abderrahim Maftouh, LPHE-Modelling and Simulations, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, B.P. 1014, Rabat, Morocco.
The report presents a detailed simulation study of 20 mini photovoltaic production plants distributed across Morocco, addressing two key points: a) a comparative analysis of various technologies (Monocrystalline silicon (Mono-si), Polycrystalline silicon (Poly-si), and Amorphous silicon (A-si)) across all sites, and b) an evaluation of simulation results obtained from PVsyst and SAM for the three technologies (Mono-si, Poly-si, and Amorphous-si) across all sites. 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 Geographical and Climatic Conditions This research article presents a comprehensive study aimed at drawing grid-connected photovoltaic yield maps for the entire country of Morocco.
Popoola, Recent advances in solar photovoltaic materials and systems for energy storage applications: a review. 
International Journal on Engineering Applications (IREA), 10 (2022) 252-264

"Modern enterprise behaves extrovert, designs and uses organizational structure as a component of its strategic capabilities, and tests the quality by meeting demands for the company to respond quickly to opportunities and threats in the environment (it is flexible), that is able to successfully coordinate the activities in order to operate effectively (and achieve the purpose of existence and defined goals), but also to operate efficiently (optimal ratio between input and output)." [3] From the above observation it can be seen that the organizational structure also depends on the choice of business strategy i.e. decision made by the manager on what the organization will focus (the possibility of performing a particular job) and how they will use their resources (human and material).
The organizational structure is clearly one of a kind, by the nature it is a complex creation, which is created and shaped to achieve the goals of the organization and thus regularly includes both actors of work and their mutual relations, a compact system of schedules of the available human and material resources of an organization, together with their mutual (overall) relationship and connections.
In it, placed and appropriately deployed, are all the resources, all the material and human elements of the organization and through mainly their individual and group guidance towards achieving the goals of the organization is performed.
Morrison, Configuration of strategy and structure in subsidiaries of multinational corporations, Journal of international business studies 26 (4) (1995)
Jacobides, The inherent limits of organizational structure and the unfulfilled role of hierarchy: Lessons from a near-war, Organization Science 18 (3) (2007) 455-477