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Al-Khazaal3,c, Usman Omer4,d, Syed Mohsin Amin5,e, Zeeshan Hasan Minhas6,f, Shams Uddin Sheikh7,g 1NED University of Engineering and Technology, Department of Materials Engineering, Pakistan 2Department of Mechanical Engineering Yanbu Industrial College Royal Commission Yanbu, Education Division P.O.Box 30436, Post Code 41912 Saudi Arabia 3Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering NBU Arar, Northern Region KSA 4-6Department of Materials Engineering, NED University of Engineering and Technology Pakistan aengrabro@neduet.edu.pk, bmoriah@rcyci.edu.sa, cAbdulaal.Alkhazaal@nbu.edu.sa Keywords: Xanthan Gum, Heat Absorbing, Heat Retarding, Carbon Foam, Blowing.
Acknowledgements The authors wish to give their utmost thanks to department of materials engineering at NED University of Engineering and Technology Pakistan for the cooperation and financial help.
References [1] Shahid Hussain Abro, Muhammad Sohail Hanif and Fayaz Hussain Kandhro: NUST journal of Engineering Sciences.
ABRO: Sindh University Research Journal-SURJ (Science Series).
Vol. 25 (2019), p. 14-17 [12] Shahid Hussain Abro: Pakistan Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences PJEAS, Vol. 38, No. 1, (2019), p. 34-40 [13] Murtuza Mehdi, Maaz Akhtar and Shahid Abro: Journal of Elastomers and Plastics.

EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN AND RESULT Equipments and Materials.
As work piece material, Al 6061 with 35 mm x 35 mm x 85 mm size was used.
Pa, Parametric Optimization of CNC End Milling using Entropy Measurement Technique Combined with Grey-Taguchi Method, International Journal of Engineering, Science and Technology, 2, 2, (2010) 1-12
Chung, The Optimal Cutting Parameter Design of Rough Cutting Process in Side Milling, Journal of Achievements in Material and Manufacturing Engineering, 29, (2008)183-186
Liao, Multi-Response Optimization using Weighted Principal Component,” International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 27, (2006) 720-725

Andersen, Journal of Meat Science, 89,111 (2011)
Bertram, Journal of Meat Science, 72, 34 (2006)
Andersen, Journal of Meat Science, 66, 301 (2004)
Karlsson, Journal of Meat Science, 66, 437 (2004)
Aaslyng, Journal of Meat Science, 77, 190 (2007)

By convening existing literature on this topic, these papers seek to explore traditional approaches and innovative solutions that use advances in technology and materials science to reduce welding distortion.
Mahapatra, “Distortion and residual stresses in thick plate weld joint of austenitic stainless steel: Experiments and analysis,” Journal of Materials Processing Technology, vol. 289, p. 116944, 2021.
Chou, “A new technique for reducing the residual stress induced by welding in type 304 stainless steel,” Journal of Materials Processing Technology, vol. 48, pp. 693–698, 1995.
Bocher, “Effect of impact energy on residual stresses induced by hammer peening of 304L plates,” Journal of Materials Processing Technology, vol. 208, pp. 542–548, 2008.
Na, “Advanced Welding Manufacturing: A Brief Analysis and Review of Challenges and Solutions,” Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering, vol. 142, no. 11, p. 110816-1. 2020.

The ability to shorten a signal is crucial to allow investigation of the data in a more time efficient manor and is therefore a valuable tool for analysis of properties in materials [4].
Nuawi, A Study of Fatigue Data Editing using the Short- Time Fourier Transform (STFT), American Journal of Applied Sciences, 6(4), pp.565- 575 (2009) [3] Z.
Nopiah: Fatigue Road Signal Denoising Process Using the 4th Order of Daubechies Wavelet Transforms, Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 8 (14), pp. 2496-2509 (2008)
Nopiah: Wavelet Coefficient Extraction Algorithm for Extracting Fatigue Features in Variable Amplitude Fatigue Loading, Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 10 (4), pp. 277-283 (2010)
Topper: A Stress Strain Function for the Fatigue of Metals, Journal of Materials, Vol. 5, pp.767-776 (1970).

Simulation and Optimization of Die Forging Process for High Pressure Valve Bonnet Jianlin Zhanga, Liwen Zhangb, Yang Yangc and Zhi Zhud School of Materials Science & Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China acommat@mail.dlut.edu.cn, bzhanglw@dlut.edu.cn, cyyajxc@gmail.com, dstephen1985_chu@163.com Keywords: Valve bonnet, Die forging, Yield, FE simulation Abstract.
Oh: International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, Vol. 24 (1982) No.8, p. 479
Kim: Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vols. 143-144 (2003), p. 729
Ohdar: Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol. 203 (2008) No.1-3, p. 102
Rennie: Materials and Design, Vol. 30 (2009) No.7, p. 2490

Method The PPGS method for laser material processing on freeform surface is based on two principles discussed as follows.
Six steps are involved in performing the procedure of laser material processing on freeform surface.
Application The key technique for laser materials processing on freeform surface part is the implementation of the laser spot marching along the freeform curve paths on the surface, at desired speed and energy density that can initiate the expected laser-matter interaction.
Acknowledgements This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.51005083, 51375348) and the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant No.201003479).
Journal of Laser Micro/Nanoengineering, Vol. 4(3), (2009):192-196 [9] Meyer, Carl D.

PMMA was widely used in the field of artificial decorative materials, construction of industrial parts, the materials of optical information and electrical components package[3].
Materials and experiment Materials.
Acknowledgements The authors are grateful to the Doctoral Fund of Southwest University of Science and Technology (Contract No:10zx7104) and the Opening Fund of Engineering Research Center of Biomass Materials ofMinistry of Education, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621010, China (Contract No:09zxbk01) References [1] TAFUR M I,BOOM H P A,KOONEN A M J, et al.
Journal of Applied Polymer Science,2007,103:1279-1286
Journal of Colloid and Interface Science,2009,336:443-448

The materials input in the process include energy, water and raw materials. 
Water and gangue are the main materials could be recycled.
The amount of recycled materials was 9,733,400t and material consumption was 73,378,500t. 
Recycled materials account for 5.24% of total material requirements.
[6] Guiying Gao, et al: Journal of Ningxia University (Natural Science Edition). 2009, 30(4):411-414.

References [1]Duan Yuping,Liu Shunhua,Guan Hongtao.Science and Technology of Advanced Materials,(6):513-518(2005)
[3] Zhao Liqun,Li Gang,Niu Jihui et al.Journal of Molecular Science,21(5)29-34(2005)
[4] Zhao Liqun,Niu Jihui,Wang Changsong et al.Journal of Molecular Science,22(3)182- 184(2006)
[10] Yang YL,Gupta MC,Dudley KL, et al.Journal of nano science and nano technology,(2)549-554(2007)
[11] Yang YL,Gupta MC,Dudley KL, et al.Journal of nano science and nano technology, 5(6)927-931(2005)