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The mechanical stress was induced on the optical fibers by a micro mechanical stage.
This quality may be affected by pulse broadening which causes the pulses to superimpose leading to poor resolution and detection errors.
Both attenuation and dispersion are responsible of the quality of the transferred signal under the effect of the possible factors that the fiber may expose and result in power loss and signal distortion.
The correlation fringes were obtained by combining the speckle images of the object before and after disturbance, and the correlation properties of the displaced speckles provide information on the value and the direction of the optical fibers strain.
The optical system configuration in the mechanical stress was the same as in figure 3 with the heating system replaced by the mechanical stage.

Compared to bulk lightweight materials, the hybrid laminates offer several advantages in mechanical properties, making them a good choice for lightweight designs.
While most studies examine the mechanical properties and fatigue behavior of these laminates, only few are dedicated to the damping behavior.
Sarlin et al. [7] studied the vibration damping properties of steel/rubber/glass fiber composite laminates.
A change of the metal material did not have a big influence on the damping properties.
One must also consider that the elastomer layer has a strong influence on other mechanical properties like bending stiffness or fatigue behavior of the FML.

When assessing structural and mechanical heterogeneities of the structural material, an important role is played by concepts of similarity of mechanical phenomena, self-similarity of deformation and destruction processes and by the scale factor of reliability, which are considered in their historical development as a part of application of fractal concepts in the materials science.
Structural state of each particular welded joint and properties of the metal of its local areas acquired during the performance of fixed joint (welding) was assessed by metallographic studies of the structure of its reference zones by scanning electron microscopy, the obtained results of which are provided in [1-4].
In the experiments considered: – Base metal (BM); – Heat-affected zone (HAZ); – Weld metal (WM).
It was noted that dimension of D0 self-similarity, which is a rough characteristic of multifractal and bears no data on its static properties, of all welded joints in all reference zones did not exceed one and was not equal to the stability threshold Dq, which means the absence of multifractal degeneration into monofractal (provided that D0 = Dq) and presence of isolated multifractal sets at different scale levels.
Bavykin, Applications of fractal analysis for assessment of the engineering surfaces quality and dynamic properties of its structure, Mechanical properties of the modern construction materials: theses of the international scientific conference, Moscow, (2012) 197-199

One factor that most affect the performance of this device is the wetting properties of the wick material, whereby a hydrophilic wick material is required to transport the liquid from the evaporator to the condenser.
The heat pipe performance has been known to depend on a number of factors, such as liquid properties, liquid charge amount, wick characteristics, and the interfacial bonding in the wick matrix and between the container and the wick [5].
Knowledge of the physical characteristics of the porous material is critical in the design and manufacturing of a heat pipe since its thermophysical properties directly affect the overall performance of this device [6].
This is probably that changing surface properties from hydrophilic to be hydrophobic due to contamination of carbon on the surface of the wick.
These are due to the presence of the carbon element on the wick surface that change the properties of hydrophilic into hydrophobic.

The orthogonal test temperature, time and the amount of addition of rare earth are three factors.
Temperature, time and amount of addition of rare earth are affecting factors, and three levels of each factor were selected, such as listed in table 1.
Tab. 1 The factors and level Level Temperature /℃ Time /h Amount of Addition of Rare Earth(wt％) 1 2 3 870 910 950 3 5 7 0. 5 1 1. 5 Figure 1 is the histogram of the affecting factors.
It could be seen from figure 1, that temperature is the most important factor to affect the carbonitriding layer depths.
Cr12MoV steel boronizing process and microstructure and properties of [J].journal of metal heat treatment, 2006,31 (7) : 67-71

Basically FGMs can be assumed as inhomogeneous composites with smooth and continuous variable properties.
First, we assume that the FGM beam is divided to many sub-layers and in each layer, mechanical properties are assumed to be constant.
Stress intensity factor (SIF).
For an isotropic material, SIFs under the above loading and geometry can be written as (5) Where are correction factors that can be found Tada’s handbook [8] for different geometry and loading.
The mechanical properties of the FGM beam in this paper are as follows.

Such welded joints must be characterised by high quality and aesthetics and, last but not least, adequate mechanical properties.
The AlMg4.5MnZr electrode wire enables obtaining slightly lower joint plastic properties, yet better mechanical properties than standard 5xxx series filler metals.
Due to a number of factors affecting the quality of a welded joint, the window of welding parameters ensuring the obtainment of the quality level B according to PN-EN ISO 10042 [3] is very narrow, particularly when 4.0 mm sheets are subjected to CMT welding.
The CMT and MIG-Pulse welding methods enable making butt joints of 2.0 mm through 4.0 mm thick EN AW alloy sheets characterised by very good quality and mechanical properties.
Obtaining high quality as well as good mechanical and plastic properties of welded joints requires the precise adjustment of welding parameters.

The bioactivity of HA is determined by chemical factors, physical factors, and ion exchange reaction between HA and body fluid forming apatite layer that equivalent to the mineral phase on the human bone.
Therefore, the HA coating will combine the good mechanical properties of titanium and bioactivity of HA to produce a better orthopedic implant [6, 11].
Ouchi, “Effect of b Phase Stability at Room Temperature on Mechanical Properties in b -Rich a ؉ b Type Ti – 4 . 5Al – 3V – 2Mo – 2Fe Alloy,” ISIJ Int., vol. 42, no. 2, pp. 191–199, 2002
Akahori, “Mechanical properties of Ti – 4 . 5Al – 3V – 2Mo – 2Fe and possibility for healthcare applications,” Mater.
Benhayoune, “Electrophoretic deposition (EPD) of nano-hydroxyapatite coatings with improved mechanical properties on prosthetic Ti6Al4V substrates,” Surf.

The mechanical properties were determined by a texture analyzer.
The mechanical properties of the MNs were evaluated using a texture analyzer (TA.
Results and Discussion Physical appearance and mechanical properties.
The mechanical properties of MNs can be affected by polymer type or concentration [6].
Neonatal porcine skin was used to insert MNs because its mechanical and structure properties were similar to human skin [8].

The understanding and functionalization of nanowires has become a topic of major interest to the international materials science and engineering communities due to their improved mechanical, electrical and thermodynamic properties [4] along with increasing applications in electronic and nanorobotic.
Crystallographic properties and surface energies of metals used in this report.
Surface melting phenomena in different crystallographic planes for a specific metal is dominated by and factors.
Searson, Fabrication and magnetic properties of fcc CoXPt1−X nanowires, Appl.
Zhao, Novel structures and properties of Gold nanowires, Phys.