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These changes in mechanical properties with torsional cycling can be related to the generation of imperfections such as longitudinal cracks on the instruments.
Many factors have a significant influence on mechanical behavior and fracture resistance of endodontic instruments, such as: diameter, taper, design of cross-sectional, alloy composition, manufacturing methods, depth of the flute, beyond canal curvature and dentin hardness [7,8].
The influence of cyclic straining in torsion, on torsion properties and fatigue resistance was evaluated at G2 and G5, respectively.
So, both geometrical parameters are efficient to predict these mechanical properties, as observed in previous studies [12,16,21,22].
Despite of the good relation between D3 and A3 and the maximum torque until rupture, others factors can influence the torsional behavior of the instruments.

Furthermore, the choice of fin material impacts the mechanical properties and durability of the fins.
Simulations reduce time and cost, both crucial factors in design and manufacturing processes.
In summary, the optimization of fin design is a multifaceted challenge that requires a comprehensive understanding of heat transfer principles, material properties, and mechanical design.
Iron fins conduct heat less efficiently than copper or aluminum, consistent with their material properties.
Conclusion The study concludes that fin temperature distribution is influenced by the material properties of the fin.

Abstract: The mechanical behavior and failure mechanism of stone arch rib enclosed by reinforced concrete under different existed stress state is obtained by the failure test.
Then an analytical method considering the influence factors is proposed to count normal section bearing capacity of stone arch rib enclosed by reinforced concrete.
Then an analytical method considering the influence factors is proposed to count normal section bearing capacity of stone arch rib enclosed by reinforced concrete.
Core masonry rigidity is affected and reduces, so the bearing capacity of core masonry is reduced.
（3）An analytical method considering the influence factors of the different mechanical property of material, the existed stress state in stone arch rib and the stress-strain nonlinear relationship is proposed to count normal section bearing capacity of stone arch rib enclosed by reinforced concrete by the model test and the theoretical analysis.

Martensite also affects the crystallographic features of bainite.
There are many questions about bainite transformation and its properties that remain unanswered in spite of many intensive studies having been undertaken.
Therefore, it is important to clarify the effect of other phases on the transformation of bainite and its properties.
The mechanical properties of bainite depend on its crystallographic features.
Table 2 Effective factors on the acceleration of bainite transformation introduced by pre-existing phase.

Simulation of Ceramic Powder Injection Moulding Based on The Behavior of Flow Stress Depended on The Thermal Viscosity Flowage Property and The Volume Fraction Moon Kyu Lee1, a, Hong-lae Kim2,b, Seokmoo Hong3,c , Sunchul Choi4,d and Naksoo Kim5,e 1,2Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sogang University, #1 Shinsu-dong, Mapo-gu, Seoul, Korea 3,4 Mold & Die Technology Center, Manufacturing Tech.
The prediction of flow pattern and volume fraction distribution in ceramic powder injection moulding (CIM) is very important because their characteristics affect the mechanical stiffness and the sintering shrinkage.
Introduction The prediction of flow pattern and volume fraction distribution in ceramic powder injection moulding (CIM) is very important because their characteristics affect the mechanical stiffness and the sintering shrinkage.
The volume fraction is influenced by the gradient of pressure during CIM and it affects the viscosity.
Methods The governing equation is composed of the flow stress factor by strain and strain rate in Eq. 1, and the viscosity factor by temperature and volume fraction in Eq. 2.

Based on the generalization of research results on the processes of obtaining SiO2 sols using tetraethoxysilane and ethyl silicates, the main factors influencing the elasticity of silica coatings on cotton fabrics and their fire-retardant properties are considered.
This technology allows to create new materials with a high degree of homogeneity at the molecular level and with exceptional physical and chemical properties, which differ significantly from the properties of materials obtained by traditional methods [2].
The fire-retardant properties of the coatings were evaluated by the effect of an open flame on the impregnated fabric samples.
Malucelli, Thermal stability, flame retardancy and mechanical properties of cotton fabrics treated with inorganic coatings synthesized through sol–gel processes, Carbohydrate Polymers. 87(3) (2012) 2093–2099
Emen, Formation of fire retardant properties in elastic silica coatings for textile materials, Materials Science Forum. 1006 (2020) 25–31

Introduction Yttrium aluminum garnet (Y3Al5O12, YAG) is one of the most developed materials as laser host and phosphor due to its optical properties and its uniqueness when doped with another materials.
The formation of YAG phase require such a high temperature at 1600oC which is costly and will result in the microstructure coarsening adversely affect its properties [5].
This shows that mechanical activation thru milling process can affect the morphology and the powders distribution significantly as the other works too [12], [13], [15].
Bučevac et al., “Effect of YAG content on creep resistance and mechanical properties of Al2O3-YAG composite,” Ceram.
Wang, “Synthesis and mechanoluminescent properties of submicro-sized Y3Al5O12:Ce3+ particles,” Chem.

Workpiece geometry is the most important factor which influences the wall thickness variation.
Very significant feature of spinning is ability to produce components with high mechanical properties and smooth surface finish.
Although knowledge about mechanics of spinning, which helps to understand final properties of spun parts, have been developed by systematic investigation of the process using both experimental and theoretical techniques, several gaps still exist in the prediction of the product properties.
Basic mechanical properties and facilities defining material plasticity (ultimate tensile strength (Rm), 0,2% offset yield strength (Rp0,2), elongation (A5), medium value of normal anisotropy (rs), planar anisotropy (D r) and strain-hardening coefficient (n)) shows Table 1.
Control factors and levels Parameter Sign Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Feed ratio (mm/rev) Workpiece geometry (-) f pm 1 (1) radius R10 1,5 (2) conical area 2 (3) cylindrical area Rolling direction of the sheet (deg) rd 0 45 90 Analysis of data Using Minitab 16 software, ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) was performed to determine which parameter and two-way interactions significantly affect the performance characteristics.

Owing to its superior high temperature mechanical properties such as good stability, high strength and ductility, etc., it has been widely applied for the parts in aerospace industry, turbine outer ring and seal ring.
But the combined effects of poor thermal properties, high temperature strength, tendency to severe work hardening, and high tool-workpiece affinity make it difficult to machine iron-based alloys [1].
The type and properties of the tool material are given in Table 2 [9].
The main influence factors in chipping are the size and the length of micro-crack and the orientation and the location of the cutting force acting on the ceramic tool.
These factors cause tool wear, which would affect tool life, the quality of the machined surface and its geometric accuracy.

The magnetic field distribution in the polishing zone has a strong effect on the pressure distribution in MAF which controls finishing properties, [4].
From the ANOVA, the significant factors affecting change in surface roughness and material removal were recognized as weight percentage of abrasive particles, size ratio, working gap and lubricant volume.
A required set up was designed and manufactured to investigate the effect of different factors on MAF process of plane surfaces. 2.
After analysis of the response surface method, factors that significantly affected the change in surface roughness and material removal include the weight percent of abrasive particles, working gap, lubricant volume and size ratio.
The response surface method has been used to analyze the influence of various factors on MAF of plane surfaces, and also to obtain optimum parameter levels that give better surface finish and the higher material removal.