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Experiments have shown that the localization of transformation in NiTi shape memory alloys (SMAs) is an important factor in determining their mechanical response during cyclic loading.
These properties have led to the increasing use of SMAs in many engineering applications as sensors, actuators, and damping constituents.
Its mathematical expression is written as follows: ∫ += γγ λ λλ d)dH()( bTa (1) where H( ) is the Heaviside step function, γ is the martensitic fraction, and λa and λb are the material properties.
The thermo-mechanical properties of the wire obtained from previous experiments and vendor literature are summarized in Table 2.
Thermo-mechanical properties of the NiTi h2= 1200 W/m2 K T∞,2= TT 4 mm LT=52 mm 4mm h1= 4 W/m2 K T∞,1= 25 ○C δ (b x NiTi wire ∅0.765 mm LG=60 mm (divided to 120 elements) h1= 4 W/m2 K T∞,1= 25 ○C TGrip= 46 ○C TGrip= 46 ○C Figure 1.

Vital factors of this method were optimized by investigating micro-structures.
Introduction: Semi-solid metal (SSM) processing is considered a relatively new technology that offers distinct advantages over other near-net-shape casting processes, i.e. it is a more homogeneous microstructure, less porosity and segregation, and improved mechanical properties [1-2]; therefore it is of growing industrial significance particularly for magnesium and aluminum alloys [1-4].
This optimum point is affected by cup's material, because it has got a different heat transfer coefficient.
Cup's dimensions and material are not only the factors to be considered in deciding whether this cup's shape and procedure are suitable for semi-solid casting.
Several factors should be investigated theoretically and experimentally in further works.

The aim of this study was to investigate the factors affecting the bendability of ultra-high strength steel using optical strain measurements and FEM-modeling of the bending process.
(1) The Rmin can be determined analytically by using the equations that account the effect of different properties of the material such as ductility, work hardening and anisotropy [2].
The bending limit is affected not only by material properties but also tool geometry, the bending procedure, sheet thickness and the surface or edge condition of the sheet.
The mechanical properties of this material were determined with tensile testing.
Dieter: Mechanical Metallurgy.

This high dislocation density will affect both the mechanical and the annealing behaviour [15].
At a high rolling strain above 95% reduction it has been observed that an expected large decrease in mechanical properties during high temperature annealing did not take place and the annealed structure was composed of subgrains.
The transition from recrystallization to continuous recrystallization is affected by many factors besides strain and grain size for example the content of solutes and the macroscopic deformation pattern.
This goal has been reached today but other mechanical properties such as ductility and fatigue resistance is far from optimum.
An important issue in future optimization is to control in the deformed structure the local variations in crystallographic orientation and microstructure, which may strongly affect the evolution of microstructure, texture and mechanical properties during a subsequent annealing treatments.

Introduce Gear as an important part of modern mechanical transmission, is widely used in all kinds of machinery and equipment.
Its fatigue properties is the key to the transmission system limited life design, reliability design data.
Due to factors affecting the gear fatigue life, and the post-processing of the results is a probability and statistics events.
Mechanical design.
Experimental Study on 17CrNiMo6 carburized gear contact fatigue properties Ship Science and Technology .2010,8:89-91 [9] GB/T14229-93.

Controllable growth and Gas Sensitivity Properties of Zinc Oxide Nanocrystalline by Solid-state Reaction Shiguang Shang1,2, a, Kewei Xu1,b, , Ling Zhao2, and Gengrong Chang1 1State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi Xi'an, 710049, China 2School of Electronic Engineering, Xi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Shaanxi Xi'an, 710121, China ashangshiguang05@163.com, bkwxu@mail.xjtu.edu.cn Key words: Zinc oxide nanocristalline; gas sensor; sensitivity Abstract.
Systematic experiments were carried out to investigate the factors that affect the morphologies of the samples.
The gas sensitivity properties of ZnO nanocrystalline thin films are investigated by observing the change of capacitance and conductance with a planar capacitor.
Especially for gas sensor, sensitivity properties of nano-ZnO are directly related to its preparation history, particle size, and surface to volume ratio, morphology and operating temperature.
Thirdly, the sensitive properties with high response and sensitivity to ethanol based on ZnO nanocrystalline films have been obtained.

Yin1, c 1CAS Key Laboratory Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China awlxiao@mail.ustc.edu.cn, bhbchen@ustc.edu.cn, cyinyan@mail.ustc.edu.cn Keywords: surface roughness, fatigue life, power function curve Abstract: Surface roughness characterizes the micro-geometric appearance variation and significantly affects the fatigue properties of machined specimen.
Early studies [1] used empirical reduction factors which modified the endurance limit of the material to evaluate the effects.
This phenomenon can be theoretically explained by a concept called the stress concentration factor [5].
Then the stress concentration factor can be defined as (1) where Kt denotes the stress concentration factor, γ refers to the ratio between spacing and depth of the asperities, which approximately equals to 1, Rz is the 10-point roughness, ρ is the effective profile valley radius of the surface texture.
Based on the concept of stress concentration factor, qualitative explanation has been presented according to the experimental results.

By determining the necessary work, unnecessary work and shape factors β[2] and other parameters, we can obtain materials’ fracture properties.
From the experiment results, we can confirm that the stress concentration phenomenon affect the EWF method.
So you got three specimens to the experiment: Standard Dumbbell Specimen (SDS), Compact Tension Specimen(CTS) and Double Edge Notched Specimen(DENS), which is shown in figure 1: (a)SDS (b)CTS (c)DENS Fig.1 Geometry of three thick specimen As a viscoelastic material, mechanical properties of the modified double-base propellant is easily affected by production factors and environmental factors.
From the relationship between force (F) – displacement (l) under different tensile rates as the figure 4 shows, we can obtain the following two conclusions: 1) Maximum tension of three kinds specimen increases with the tensile rates, namely viscoelastic properties of the material even containing crack is still obvious; 2) In lower tensile rates, like 1 mm/min, the maximum tension of the Compact Tension Specimen(CTS) and Double Edge Notched Specimen(DENS) is great than Standard Dumbbell Specimen(SDS).
In conclusion, the stress concentration affects calculating stress in the specimen under low tensile rates which causes the tension increases.

The factors include: temperature, water flow, bioturbation and so on.
Organochlorine pesticide residues in the soil is not only related to the physical and chemical properties of pesticide itself, but also is related to the factors in soil (mechanical composition, content of the organic matter, humidity, type of the crop, pH and Eh), biological factors (microbial communities), climate factors (temperature, humidity and light intensity, etc.) and farming conditions and so on [22, 23].
The factors influencing volatilization rate of OCPs in soils include soil property, physical and chemical properties of OCPs and environmental conditions.
The factors that affect the diffusion coefficient of OCPs in the soil include: bulk density, the adsorption of soil, porosity, water content and physicochemical properties of OCPs.
But the migration and transformation mechanism of organochlorine in the environmental soil and the researches on the factors that affect migration and transformation of OCPs are few.

SLM is capable of coupling freeform design and environmental and economical sustainability to high mechanical properties.
However, the aging treatment allows a partial recovery of these tensile properties [4].
This treatment significantly modifies the microstructure and thus the mechanical properties of components.
Tests were carried out under the hypothesis that mechanical properties of manufactured cubes are uniform, at least at macroscopic level, according to the known process repeatability [3,4].
Manfredi, On the selective laser melting (SLM) of the AlSi10Mg alloy: Process, microstructure, and mechanical properties, Mat. 10 (2017) 76-95