A Location Map Reduced Reversible Data Hiding Method Using Prediction Error Modification

Abstract:

We propose a reversible data hiding technique to improve Hong and Chen’s (2010) method. Hong and Chen divide the cover image into pixel group, and use reference pixels to predict other pixel values. Data are then embedded by modifying the prediction errors. However, when solving the overflow and underflow problems, they employ a location map to record the position of saturated pixels, and these pixels will not be used to carry data. In their method, if the image has a plenty of saturated pixels, the payload is decreased significantly because a lot of saturated pixels will not joint the embedment. We improve Hong and Chen’s method such that the saturated pixels can be used to carry data. The positions of these saturated pixels are then recorded in a location map, and the location map is embedded together with the secret data. The experimental results illustrate that the proposed method has better payload, will providing a comparable image quality.

• Periodical: Advanced Engineering Forum (Volumes 6-7)
• Pages: 428-433
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AEF.6-7.428
• Online since: September 2012
• Authors: Yan Wei Li, Mei Chen Wu, Tung Shou Chen, Wien Hong
• Keywords: Histogram Shifting, Overflow, Reversible Data Hiding, Underflow

References

[1] W. Hong and T.S. Chen, Reversible Data Embedding for High Quality Images Using Interpolation and Reference Pixel Distribution Mechanism, Journal of Visual Communication and Image Representation, vol. 22, no. 2, pp.131-140, (2011).

DOI: 10.1016/j.jvcir.2010.11.004

[2] W. Hong, and T. S Chen, A Novel Data Embedding Method Using Adaptive Pixel Pair Matching, IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security, vol. 99, no. 1, pp.176-184, (2012).

DOI: 10.1109/tifs.2011.2155062

[3] J.M. Barton, Method and Apparatus for Embedding Authentication Information within Digital Data, U.S. Patent 5 646 997, Jul. 8, (1997).

[4] J. Tian, Reversible Data Embedding Using a Difference Expansion, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technique, vol. 13, no. 8, p.890–896, (2003).

DOI: 10.1109/tcsvt.2003.815962

[5] A.M. Alattar, Reversible Watermark Using the Difference Expansion of A Generalized Integer Transform, IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, vol. 13, no. 8, pp.1147-1156, (2004).

DOI: 10.1109/tip.2004.828418

[6] Z. Ni, Y.Q. Shi, N. Ansari, and W. Su, Reversible Data Hiding, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technique, vol. 16, no. 3, p.354–362, (2006).

DOI: 10.1109/tcsvt.2006.869964

[7] D.M. Thodi and J.J. Rodriguez, Expansion Embedding Techniques for Reversible Watermarking, IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, vol. 16. no. 3, p.721–730, (2007).

DOI: 10.1109/tip.2006.891046

[8] P.Y. Tsai, Y.C. Hu, and H.L. Yeh, Reversible Image Hiding Scheme Using Predictive Coding and Histogram Shifting, Signal Processing, vol. 89, no. 6, pp.1129-1143, (2009).

DOI: 10.1016/j.sigpro.2008.12.017

[9] W. Hong, T.S. Chen, and C.W. Shiu, Reversible Data Hiding for High Quality Images Using Modification of Prediction Errors, Journal of Systems and Software, vol. 82, no. 11, pp.1833-1842, (2009).

DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2009.05.051

[10] W. Hong and T.S. Chen, A Local Variance-Controlled Reversible Data Hiding Method Using Prediction and Histogram-Shifting, The Journal of Systems and Software, vol. 83, no. 12, pp.2653-2663, (2010).

DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2010.08.047

[11] X. Wu and N. Memon, CALIC-a context based adaptive lossless image codec, IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, vol. 4, pp.1890-1893, (1996).

DOI: 10.1109/icassp.1996.544819

[12] Y. -W. Li and W. Hong, An Improved Reversible Data Hiding Method Using Alternative Location Map Embedment Strategy, Information Technology Journal, vol. 11, no. 8, pp.1109-1114, (2012).

DOI: 10.3923/itj.2012.1109.1114

[13] USC-SIPI image database. Available: http: /sipi. usc. edu/database.

[14] RSP image database, http: /dud. inf. tu-dresden. de/westfeld/rsp/rsp. html.