Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 166-169

Abstract: Energy safety is key guarantee for national economy continual development，and fire safety in the process of energy development is important content of energy safety. In this paper, status quo of energy development was reviewed by energy progress strategy, and taking example for oil fire, fire cause and the relation of fire and energy increase were summarized. On the basis, issue fire safety was analyzed, and fire safety countermeasures ect were put forward, which were of great guiding significance to realize systemic and standardized management of energy fire fighting safety.

Abstract: The water separated from concrete and the thermal contact resistance between steel tube and concrete have important effects on the temperature field of concrete filled steel tubular columns subjected to fire. Therefore, it is necessary to consider these effects in many cases to obtain accurate results of temperature field. The actual influences of water and thermal contact resistance on the temperature field of concrete filled steel tubular columns are analyzed in this paper, and the corresponding simplified methods are presented to take into account these effects in numerical analysis. A numerical program using these simplified methods is developed to calculate the temperature field of concrete filled steel tubular columns under fire. It can be shown by the comparison with the test results that the methods adopted in this paper have good accuracy and feasibility, and can obviously improve the calculation precision of temperature field.

Abstract: This paper puts the internal force envelope method in bridge design into the safety assessment of bridges’ health monitoring, and proposes a safety assessment technology based on the method, which is stated in three aspects: the safety assessment modal, the acquirement of the real-time Figure of bridges’ internal force resistance and of the real-time Figure of bridges’ internal force. After the application in the Nu Jiang Bridge, it is proved that the safety assessment technology based on the internal force envelope method is simple, easy to understand, reliable, visualized and prospective in further application.

Abstract: At present, based on the fire test results of single components, the design method of structure fire resistance performance is put forward. However, the cases for fire resistance research of space structure are not widely researched by scholars. Making use of finite element software to analyze structural fire resistance performance will be development trend of the research topic. In the paper, the author regards the truss structure in practical engineering as the research object. And by using thermal software (FDS), the environment temperature in every space position can be calculated to get steel’s fire temperature further. In the hot-force coupling module, structural mechanical behavior is analyzed after fire, and structural damaged degree is judged on the basis of the building identification level standard, which will be helpful to provide the repair opinion.

Abstract: Geophysical detecting methods are used widely in hidden trouble exploration of embankments and dams because of their portability and efficiency. The high-density resistivity method and the transient state surface wave method are used to investigate the mine tailings dam, combining the hidden trouble characteristic and feature of the mine tailings dam, the distribution range, the defect feature and the density of the dam material are found out by using the comprehensive methods. The techniques would be offering reference for controlling mine tailings dam seepage and stability and safety evaluation.

Abstract: In this paper the features and applicable ranges of the traditional landslide treatment measures were analyzed, such as anti-slide retaining walls, anti-slide piles, prestressed anchors, bolts and others . Through the analysis of engineering landslide treatment present situation, the advantage and scope of application was elaborated, which has been used only in recent years, such as the pre-stressed anchor cable pile, the lattice frame anchor, prestress concrete lattice frame anchor, anchor soil nail reinforced earth retaining wall and other new types of retaining the reinforcement measures. Finally, the development trend of engineering landslide are put out. Some suggestions are put forword for the similar engineering landslide governance and protection.

Abstract: An extensive cellular automaton (CA) model is proposed to simulate the evacuation from a large multi-room compartment. To determine the movement direction, it is assumed that two factors, viz. spatial distance and occupant density, are considered by each occupant. To conduct more reasonable simulation, psychological inertia of human beings is also taken into account in modeling. Numerical results show that the proposed CA model is robust and the model can be applied in the assessment of fire safety.

Abstract: A numerical model based on cellular automaton is proposed to simulate the human behaviour termed ‘flow with the stream’ in emergency evacuation from a large smoke-filled compartment. In the model, smoke effect in the context of visibility is considered since visibility range can affect crowd behaviour significantly. To simulate the reality that the smoke concentration in a fire compartment is not constant, the proposed model is developed to deal with the scenario in which the visibility range varies in the course of time. An empirical formula is incorporated into the proposed model to estimate the visibility range. The results of numerical tests show that the proposed model can also be used to investigate the effect of the number of guiders through case study.

Abstract: Travel time reliability is very important for normal period and abnormal period especially disaster recovery. However, traditional indexes can not reflect travel time reliability in disaster areas. Thus a new travel time reliability index for disaster is proposed in this paper. The index proposed in this paper is different from usual indexes because of some special factors in disaster. Firstly, traffic capacity can be ignored because the traffic network would be controlled by transportation department. Secondly, the buffer time is difficult to estimate because traffic conditions are unknown after disaster, thus the traffic accessibility is used to build the new index for disaster recovery. Thirdly, distance of damaged roads is an important factor. The parameters of disaster scale or damage level are also discussed. However, the simulated results from this model are imperfect because some disaster areas are unpredictable and only the historical data can be use. Therefore, more factors and simulations should be considered to improve this model in the future.

Abstract: Based on plenty of references, such as monograph, journal, thesis and other document, this paper summarized the present research situation of Chinese geological disaster. Although geological disaster research has made some achievements in forecasting, monitoring and early warning, risk assessment, disaster prevention and other aspects, it still has many problems, such as theories and methods of geological disaster is weak, and lack disaster information processing capacity. This paper also put forward the importance of studying geological disaster from the basin and system perspective and carrying out comprehensive management of basin system disaster.