Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 178-181

Abstract: In order to evaluate the safety of Eucalyptus wood interior, Eucalyptus urophydis wood was used and extracted in benzene-alcohol solution, and its extractives were identified by Py-GC/MS. The main and abundant constituents of 350°С pyrolysis products were 1-phenanthrenecarboxylic acid, 1,2,3,4,4a,9,10,10a-octahydro-1,4a-dimethyl-7-(1-methylethyl)-(5.38%), stigmasterol,22,23- dihydro- (4.67%), 3'-chlorooxanilic acid n'-(3-ethox y-4-hydroxybenzylidene)hydrazide (4.13%), stigmast-5-en-3-ol, oleate(3.83%), 2-ethylacridine(3.32%), etc. The main and abundant constituents of 600°Сpyrolysis products were decanoic acid, 1,2,3-propanetriyl ester(33.8%), dodecanoic acid, 1,2,3-propanetriyl ester(8.03%), decanoic acid, 1,2,3-propanetriyl ester(3.99%), 1-chloromethyl-1-(2-propenyloxy)-1-silacyclohexane(3.98%), etc. So there was much biological medicine and health care composition in Eucalyptus urophydis wood. And the wood was safety.

Abstract: Green roof can significantly reduce runoff volume and delay the duration of rainwater compared to a conventional roof; however there is insufficient research in China regarding rainwater retention performance. In this research, a comparison of a green roof with a conventional roof on rainwater retention is quantified. Results suggest that the specified sedum green roof delays the start and end time of runoff for 3 –13 and 4 –8 minutes. Artificial rainfall runoff retention ranged from 52.86% to 71% for the green roof. On the retention efficiency, potential 3141.77 ×10⁴ m³ rainwater could be retained by urban green roof in Jinan. The green roof is demonstrated an optional measure to reduce the quantity of rainwater entering already overburdened city drainage systems with great huge economic and environmental benefits.

Abstract: Problems caused by urbanization such as inadequate water content in urban foundation, ecological unbalance in the soil and heat island effect, have become issues that people pay great attention to. Two projects, cited as being successful in integrating urban landscape planning and wetland ecology, are the Water Garden in Portland, USA, and the Living Water Garden in Chengdu, China. Artificial wetland is effective to establish urban ecology. It may not only solve the problem of urban water crisis, but also bring a series of good eco- environmental effects, such as to conserve groundwater, regulate climate, extend green areas, purify air, beautify city and even effectively control flood damages, and etc.

Abstract: The properties of urban lake ecosystem considered, the index system for its health assessment is built with the pressure-state-response model framework put forward by Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development. The comprehensive index weights are determined with improved analytic hierarchy process and entropy value method. The model based on fuzzy optimum selection theory is used to assess health state of urban lake ecosystem. The application of this model in Lake Dongchang is given as an example. The states of its ecosystem health are assessed. The results conform basically to the reality.

Abstract: Ecological environment problems of Zhangjiakou area in the construction of the circle of green economy around the capital were analyzed; It was proposed to solve these problems in the improvement of ecological environment in Zhangjiakou, and development plans and measures for cracking those problems are analyzed and discussed.

Abstract: This study examined “EEWH-HI” standards of shade in Tainan, and used rain and the sun as indicators to verify The Plan of Good Looking Corner to improve urban thermal comfort levels on the roads. The Plan of Good Looking Corner in Tainan was ran by the Tainan City Government for schools, offices, green spaces, squares, communities, and other public spaces, to create corners of green in order to beautify and improve the overall urban landscape. This study selected 173 locations to conduct assessments for shade indicators from the rain and sun. Statistical analysis, ANOVA, Regression Analysis, and the Correlation Coefficient method were applied to clarify the impact factor effects of urban shade and thermal comfort to prepare final recommendations.

Abstract: The new technology causes new type of the soundscape urban environment. However, the present research is mainly about the physical parameter of urban sounds and the urban noise. There has been few studies regarding urban soundscape change in response of climate. This paper analyes the change of urban soundscape from the climate ecology, and the aim is to conclude the relationship between the urban soundscapes and climate, also to benefit the constructive opinion of the urban soundscape, climate and social change.

Abstract: With the rapid improvement of urbanization and the acceleration of urban-rural integration, environmental problems in China call for urgent actions. One of the important factors of non-effective treatment of Chinese urban pollution is due to the lagging of construction of urban environmental infrastructure. By analysis, this paper concludes that the limited number of investment entities, rare amount of capital investment and poor investment effectiveness account for the slow pace of construction of urban environmental infrastructure in China. Considering this, the government should allocate a larger share of fiscal capital investment, adopt preferential taxation policy and green financial policy, and perform public-private cooperation to smoothen the construction of urban environmental infrastructure.

Abstract: This paper makes analysis and statistics about the frequency distribution of average temperature, pressure, humidity and wind conditions between moderate pollution days of PM10(API>200) and conventional days from 2008 to 2010 in Yantai. The result shows that the frequency of PM10 pollution which occurred in winter is close to the sum of the other seasons. PM10 pollution days appears easily under such conditions: the average temperature below 10°C, average air pressure is higher than 101.0kPa, relative humidity is less than 70%, or average weed speed of 3-7m/s with the north-south wind.

Abstract: The urban landscape pattern evolution and driving forces in SuZhou City in the past two decades were explored based on the landscape ecology theory and the ENVI 4.7 & Fragstats 3.3 technology, using the multi-source interpreted data of Landsat TM images in 1987,2005 and 2009, and Landsat ETM+ image in 2000. The indices chosen are the urban landscape overall constitution, average patch area, patch number, patch density, fractal dimension, contagion index, isolation index, fragment index, landscape diversity and evenness index. Taking the remote sensing as a platform to integrate and analyze the data, the driving forces are summarized together with the development of SuZhou City. This will supply the theory foundation and scientific basis for the land resources of reasonable planning and using, management, sustainable utilization, and the landscape pattern optimization configuration in SuZhou City. The results show that, the landscape pattern in Suzhou City changed greatly from 1987 to 2009. The construction land area increased, while the cultivated land, wood land and water body area decreased. The urban landscape contagion index and landscape fractal dimension were all increased, while the urban landscape diversity and evenness index were all decreased. The isolation index and fragment index of the construction land and cultivated land were small, this shows that the landscape pattern changed mainly by human factors. The population and economy growth together with industrialization and urbanization were main forces for the urban landscape pattern evolution in SuZhou City. The results can provide scientific evidence for ecological landscape design and urban development planning in other regions.