3D Reconstruction of Weld Pool Surface by a Biprism Stereo System

Abstract:

3D shape of the weld pool surface can be used to infer the penetration state of the weld pool, which has an importance influence on weld quality. In this paper, a novel stereo camera system that used only one camera and a biprism placed in front of the lens was applied to capture virtual image pair of the weld pool surface. The most advantage of the system setup is that corresponding points lie on the same scan line automatically, i.e. the stereo image pair is self rectified. The calibration of the system was done using plane pattern by Zhang’s algorithm and the standard SSD stereo matching algorithm was applied to find the corresponding points in the left and right image. The reconstructed 3D shape of the weld pool surface during base current period of P-GMAW by the system has shown that the technique has potential application for control of weld process

• Periodical: Applied Mechanics and Materials (Volumes 236-237)
• Pages: 469-473
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.236-237.469
• Online since: November 2012
• Authors: Ya Dong Zhang, Zhi Min Liang, Dian Long Wang, Jun Wang
• Keywords: 3D Reconstruction, Biprism, Stereo Vision, Weld Pool Surface

References

[1] W. Chen, B. A. Chin. Monitoring joint penetration using infrared sensing techniques. Welding Journal. 69(1990): 181s-185s.

[2] R. W. Richardson, D. A. Gutow. Coaxial arc weld pool viewing for process monitoring and control. Welding Journal. 63(1984): 43s-50s.

[3] R. Kovacevic, Y. M. Zhang. Three-dimension Measurement of Weld Pool Surface. Proceedings of the International Conference on Modeling and Control of Joining Processes, Orlando, Florida, USA, 1993, pp.600-607.

[4] Y. M. Zhang, H. Beardsley, R. Kovacevic. Real-time image processing for 3D measurement of weld pool surface. Manufacturing Science and Engineering. 68(1994): 255-262.

[5] R. Kovacevic, Y. M. Zhang, L. Li. Monitoring of weld joint penetration based on weld pool geometrical appearance. Welding Journal. 75(1996): 317s-329s.

[6] G. Saeed, M. Lou, Y. M. Zhang. Computation of 3D weld pool surface from the slope and point tracking of laser beams. Measurement Science and Technology. 15(2004): 389-403.

DOI: 10.1088/0957-0233/15/2/012

[7] H.S. Song, Y. M. Zhang. Three-dimensional reconstruction of specular surface for gas tungsten arc weld pool. Measurement Science and Technology. 18(2007): 3751-3767.

DOI: 10.1088/0957-0233/18/12/010

[8] H.S. Song, Y. M. Zhang. Measurement and analysis of three-dimensional specular gas tungsten arc weld pool surface. Welding Journal. 87(2008): 85s-95s.

[9] D. Zhao. Dynamic intelligent control for weld pool shape during pulsed GTAW with wire filler based on three-dimension visual sensing. Doctor Thesis. Harbin Institute of Technology. (2000).

[10] Li, L. Research on modeling of surface reflectance map and height calculation of pulse GTAW molten pool. Doctor Thesis. Shanghai Jiao Tong University. (2005).

[11] Q. Du. Extraction and intelligent control of 3D dynamic weld pool shape information of pulsed GTAW with wire filler. Doctor thesis. Shanghai Jiao Tong University. (2006).

[12] G. J. Zhang, Z. H. Yan, L. Wu. Reconstructing a three- dimensional P-GMAW weld pool shape from a two-dimensional visual image. Measurement Science and Technology. 17(2006): 1877-1882.

DOI: 10.1088/0957-0233/17/7/028

[13] C. Mnich, F. Al-Bayat, C. Debrunner, et al. In situ weld pool measurement using stereo vision. Proceedings of 2004 JUSFA, 2004 Japan-USA Symposium on Flexible Automation, ASME, 2004: pp.1-2.

[14] D. Y. Choong, J Lee. 3-D. Measurement of weld pool using biprism stereo vision sensor. Http: /joining1. kaist. ac. kr/research/vision. htm, Seoul National University.

[15] D.H. Lee, I.S. Kweon. A novel stereo camera system by a biprism. IEEE Transactions on Robotics and Automation. 15(2000): 528-541.

DOI: 10.1109/70.880803

[16] D.H. Lee, I.S. Kweon and R. Cipolla. A biprism stereo camera system. In Proceeding of Computer Society Conference of Computer Vision and Pattern Recongnition. Ft. Collins, CO, USA, 1999, pp.82-87.

DOI: 10.1109/cvpr.1999.786921

[17] Z.Y. Zhang A flexible new technique for camera calibration. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence. 22(2000): 1330-1334.

DOI: 10.1109/34.888718

[18] http: /www. vision. caltech. edu/bouguetj/calib_doc/index. html.