Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 239-240

Abstract: Nowadays, there are many breeding program to improve the quality of rice since the direct measurement (iodine colorimetric) is time consuming, complex and environmentally unfriendly. The objective of this study was to analyze the amylose content (AC) in several types of local rice and import rice in Malaysia. Next is to investigate suitable rice intake for diabetic patient. In this study, non-destructive method by using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) was used to measure the amylose content of single rice grain for milled rice and brown rice. The result showed that the AC for the brown rice was higher than basmati rice followed by local white rice. Therefore, the high amylose content is most suitable for the diabetic patient. Thus, NIRS was a convenient way to screen the quality of rice as well as increase the global competitive for farmers in agriculture field.

Abstract: An accurate modeling method for the random error of the fiber optic gyro (FOG) is presented. Taking the FOG in the inertial measurement unit of one specific inertial navigation system as the subject investigated, the method is composed of the data acquisition, preprocessing, establishing the FOG AR(2) model and performing Kalman filtering based on the model. The filtering result and the Allan variance analysis of FOG prove that the method effectively reduces the FOG random error, decreasing the angle random walk, zero-bias instability, rate random walk, angular rate ramp and quantification noise of FOG signals to less than one half of the corresponding values before the filtering of FOG random errors, which improves the accuracy of FOG.

Abstract: An image theory of defiled lens is established in this paper on the basis of Kirchorf theory. By discussion, it was found that light field distribution function of image plane is piled up by image of object and diffracted image of defiled area on lens. It is pointed out that the diffraction image of the defiled lens can be viewed as Fraunhofer diffraction when the object distance is almost infinite, and it can be obtained by Fourier transformation.

Abstract: To ensure measurement accuracy and reliable, and adapt to the development of the infrared transmittance calibration needs in China, this paper introduces the mid-infrared regular transmittance bilateral comparison organized by the China National Institute of Metrology. This comparison mainly focused on the wavelength band of 4000 cm^-1-400cm^-1(2.5μm -20μm). Technical protocol, facilities, measurement methods and conditions, and uncertainties from the participating laboratories have also been introduced.

Abstract: This study was conducted to demonstrate the feasibility of Fourier near-infrared spectroscopy (FT-NIRS) to detect and quantifying low concentrations (3.00–1056.80mg kg-1) of melamine contamination in fishmeal and to choose a better chemo metric method by comparing the results of the models based on different chemo metric methods. The qualitative calibration models were established based on PCA-Euclidean Distance and least squares-support vector machine (LS-SVM) respectively and the quantitative calibration models were established based on partial least squares (PLS) regression algorithm and least squares-support vector machine (LS-SVM) respectively. Savitzky-Golay second derivative with smoothing over five points and vector normalization were the best pre-processing methods. A qualitative model, established based on this pre-processing method, was capable of identifying the testing set samples with melamine concentrations higher than 136mg kg-1, with a 100% correct classification rate. Further, the qualitative models based on PCA-Euclidean distance, S-G first derivative with smoothing over nine points and vector normalization pre-processing methods and the frequency ranges of 9099-8246 cm-1 and 7398-6545cm-1 were the best parameters selected by the optimizing process. Quantitative models based on these parameters accurately predicted the samples with melamine concentration of higher than 208mg kg-1, with the mean relative forecasting deviation less than 5%. The model based on LS-SVM was obviously not better than that based on PLS. The results show that FT-NIR can be used to detect and quantify low concentrations of melamine contamination in fishmeal.

Abstract: The binding of three amantadine schiff bases (ASBs) to BSA was investigated by fluorescence spectroscopy, UV-Vis spectroscopy and circular dichroism (CD). The results showed that the fluorescence of BSA was quenched remarkably by these compounds via a combination of static and dynamic quenching. Binding constant (Ka), number of binding sites (n), and the binding distance (r) between three ASBs and BSA were calculated in this study. Displacement experiments were performed to identify these compounds binding sites on BSA, and the results showed that site I was the main location for ASBs binding to BSA. Moreover, synchronous fluorescence spectra and CD data revealed that ASBs induced the conformational change of BSA.

Abstract: Firstly, the functional relationships of the laser intensity value, the target reflectance, the laser ranging value and the laser incidence angle was derived theoretically in this paper, and a new method of target classification based on the laser intensity value and the target reflectance was proposed. Then, the experimental data was analyzed to verify the correctness of the theoretical formula. Finally, the work done in this paper was summarized.

Abstract: Different from the usual plant radiometric measurement, the antenna temperature contrast modeling of plant and the water surface is presented for the purpose of plant growth monitoring. With the help of multilayer dielectric model, the brightness temperature contrast of the plant on water is obtained by modeling and experiment. According to the actual measurement by 3mm and 8mm band radiometer, the contrast of water and plant on the water can be test effectively for the environmental protection of the water surface.

Abstract: Laser is widely used in angle measurements. This paper presents several frequently used methods of angle measurement that utilize laser, including：autocollimation angle measurement, angle measurement based on internal-reflection effect, laser interference angle measurement, angle measurement with ring laser and angle measurement with CCD. The principle, actualities, application situation, superiority and defects of each method are discussed.

Abstract: Sparse and low-rank matrix decomposition (SLMD) tries to decompose a matrix into a low-rank matrix and a sparse matrix, it has recently attached much research interest and has good applications in many fields. An infrared image with small target usually has slowly transitional background, it can be seen as the sum of low-rank background component and sparse target component. So by SLMD, the sparse target component can be separated from the infrared image and then be used for small infrared target detection (SITD). The augmented Lagrange method, which is currently the most efficient algorithm used for solving SLMD, was applied in this paper for SITD, some parameters were analyzed and adjusted for SITD. Experimental results show our algorithm is fast and reliable.