Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 253-255

Abstract: The major volatile components in two solvent-based paints, two thinners, and four adhesives have been identified by a method involving pre-treatment by solvent dilution, filtration, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The non-volatile components in these wet building materials have been determined by infrared spectroscopy. The results have shown the major volatile organic compounds in one-component polyurethane varnish and alkyd paint thinner to be nonane, decane, undecane, xylene, ethylbenzene and ethyltoluene. The main film-forming matter in cement floor paint has been identified as styrenated acrylic emulsion, with the volatile components being mainly butyl acetate, decane and benzene series. The basic substances in these adhesives were polychloroprene, styrene butadiene carboxylated latex, or polyvinyl acetate emulsion. The primary volatile compounds in two adhesives were methyl acetate, and many branched-chain and normal alkanes, while those in the other two adhesives were toluene and benzene.

Abstract: The Chaohu Lake Basin is one of the human influenced regions of the Pre-Qin Period in China, and more than 100 archaeological sites of Pre-Qin Period were found in this area. There are good relationships between temporal-spatial distribution of archaeological sites and environmental changes, especially with the changes of lakeshore of Chaohu Lake caused by the regional climatic oscillation. The relatively warm and humid climate of the Pre-Qin Period, the important position of ancient Chinese culture exchanges between the north and south, the developed water network, and rich biological resources, all of these factors had been the important environmental foundation for the originating and development of the Pre-Qin culture in the basin.

Abstract: North Zhejiang residence is a typical Jiangnan dwellings. The indoor environment is an essential part to research north Zhejiang residential areas, it is not only close to people daily behavior, but also directly reflects relationship of people, architectural space and environment. Zhejiang characteristics of residential indoor environment base on five aspects was analyzed, such as geographic and climate, interior layout, decoration, color and furnishings. I also will clarify its internal evolution and development, and understand its rules to add a reference and thought to the construction of watery region culture in future

Abstract: With the rapid development of new rural construction, rural areas have been changed enormously. At the same time, the ecological environment of rural areas has suffered a lot, especially, for the water environment and the rural landscape. In this paper, Yansaihu greenway planning of Qinhuangdao City has been used as an example, to demonstrate how to combine the nature, the Yansaihu water, the fields, and the rural areas in series by means of the greenway planning. While using and protecting Yansaihu natural landscape, it promotes agricultural leisure industry and extends the historical and cultural context, protects water resources in the ecological environment, and promotes the purpose of harmonization of nature, landscapes, farmland, and rural landscape, in order to achieve both of the rural environment and ecology landscape as well as rural economic development.

Abstract: The high-turbidity raw water was formed during the initial period of typhoons or storms, and it affected the operation of the water supply purifying system. In this research, the raw water with various turbidity levels (1,500~5,500 NTU) was used, a barrier board treatment was used to extend the flowing route and varied flow rates were also employed to carry out the treatment of high-turbidity raw water. The experiment results indicated that under a flow rate at designed 8, 17, 50 and 100ml/s, the majority of the effluent water was between 100~1,000 NTU, exhibiting an 50% to 90% removal rater. In view of this, a certain degree of the turbidity could be reduced applying barrier board treatment and suitable for consequent water supply purifying system.

Abstract: Along with the rapid development in China’s economy, many cities entered postindustrial society where lots of factories shut down or moved away from the urban area and left the industrial buildings. This paper mainly explained the necessity and development of old industrial building reconstruction and put forward a series of renovation strategies to maintain its long life and adapt to the changing city requirements.

Abstract: The construction industry is one of the important environment-polluting industries in global. Aims at the present “short-lived” phenomenon of existing building in China, This paper firstly introduced the concept of Embodied Environment Effect Factor (EEEF) and on the platform of this concept; the whole life cycle EEEF value is calculated. The result shows that constantly updated and reuse to extend the life of the building in its life cycle, reducing the probability of demolition and reconstruction, will be an effective means to reduce resource consumption and environmental damage.

Abstract: In this paper, we use solid–liquid two-phase mixture model and the k-ε turbulence model to numerically simulate the effects of the position of baffles on the removal rate of solids in a sedimentation tank. The PISO algorithm is used to decouple velocity and pressure. The distribution of sludge concentration on different cross-sections is obtained by the proposed model.

Abstract: The polymer polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes were modified by blending with nanometer particles to improve its hydrophilic property and anti-fouling performances in the process of waste water treatment. The organic macromolecule composite ultrafiltration (UF) membranes modified by the inorganic nanometer TiO2 and Al2O3 were prepared by a phase inversion process. The composite membranes performances, such as water flux, mechanical strength, water contact angle, retention rate, pores size and pores size distribution, were compared to those of organic membranes. The surface and sectional structures of membranes were observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The experimental results show that the composite membrane water fluxes increases 79.5% than that of organic membrane with 3% nanometer particles addition and the proportion of TiO2 and Al2O3 is 1:1. The composite membrane average pore size is larger than that of organic membrane and the pore size distribution is more uniform. The composite UF membrane has not only maintained PVDF membrane’s favorable performances but also improved its permeation performance, intensity, hydrophilic and anti-fouling performances.

Abstract: The biomorphic porous carbon was prepared by high temperature pyrolysis at 1000oC. The pyrolysis process of cotton stalk was measured by thermogravimetric analysis (TG). The morphology and microstructure of carbon were characterized by scanning electron microscopy. The phase composition of the resulting sample was analyzed by X-ray diffraction. As compared with the dried cotton stalk, the carbon has an anisotropic shrinkage with 20–40% and about 80% weight loss. The carbon retains the tubular cell structures.