Relative Design Cost Estimation at Design Stage Based on Design Features

Abstract:

With the global financial crisis happened, companies and investors pay more attention to development expense. Development costs mainly include design cost at the design stage. We analyze the design process and extract many design factors in order to estimate design cost at the conceptual and embodiment design stage. A number of process-based design features that impact the design cost are considered. These design factors include: 1) the number of performances and constraints, 2) sub-functions level and relationships, and 3) solutions at the conceptual design stage. At the embodiment of the design stage the design factors include: 1) the number of parts and their relationships, 2) the types of materials, 3) load resources, and 4) the number and types of tolerances. We use relative cost to estimate design cost by comparing the number of design factors among designs. To demonstrate the relative design cost estimation in practice, Kodak single-use cameras are used as example products. Use of these methods proves beneficial in estimate design cost in the design process.

• Periodical: Applied Mechanics and Materials (Volumes 26-28)
• Pages: 625-636
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.26-28.625
• Online since: June 2010
• Authors: Xiao Chuan Chen, Xiao Xia Lai, John. K. Gershenson
• Keywords: Conceptual Design, Design Cost Factor, Relative Cost Estimation

References

[1] S. Dowlatshahi. Product design in a concurrent engineering environments an optimisation approach, Journal of Production Research, 30(8), pp.1803-1818. (1992).

[2] Y. Asiedu and P. Gu, Product Life-cycle Cost Analysis: State of the Art Review, International Journal of Production Research, vol. 36, pp.883-908. (1998).

DOI: 10.1080/002075498193444

[3] S. Lim. and I. B. H. Lee, A multiple domain feature mapping: a methodology based on deep models of features, Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing, pp.9-15. (1995).

[4] C. Xiao-chuan and F. Ming-lun, Application of Multiple Domain Feature Mapping in Design For Cost(DFC), presented at 9th ISPE International Conference on Concurrent Engineering: Research and Applications (CE2002), Cranfield University, U.K. (2002).

[5] G. Pahl and W. Beitz, Engineering Design - A Systematic Approach, second ed. London: Springer. (1996).

[6] N. P. Suh, Complexity: Theory and Applications. New York: Oxford University Press. (2005).

[7] J. R. Dixon and C. Poli, Engineering Design and Design for Manufacturing - A Structured Approach. Conway: Field Stone Publishers. (1995).

[8] R. B. Stone and K. L. Wood, Development of a Functional Basis for Design, Journal of Mechanical Design, vol. 122, pp.359-370. (2000).

[9] J. Hirtz, R. B. Stone, D. A. McAdams, S. Szykman, and K. L. Wood, A Functional Basis for Engineering Design: Reconciling and Evolving Previous Efforts, NIST Technical Note 1447. (2002).

DOI: 10.1007/s00163-001-0008-3

[10] K. Khadke and J. K. Gershenson, Design Framework for Assessing and Managing Planned Technology Change, Journal of Engineering Design (JED), in press.

[11] M. F. Ashby, Materials Selection in Mechanical Design, 2ed. ed. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann. (1999).

[12] R. L. Norton, Machine Design - An Integrated Approach. London: Prentice-Hall. (1998).

[13] K. W. Chase, J. Gao, and S. P. Magleby, General 2-D Tolerance Analysis of Mechanical Assemblies with Small Kinematic Adjustments, Journal of Design and Manufacturing, vol. 5. (1995).

[14] A. A. N. S. Institute), Dimensioning and Tolerancing, ANSI Y14. 5M - 1982. New York: American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME). (1982).

[15] C.M. Creveling, Tolerance Design: A Handbook for Developing Optional Specifications. Massachusetts Harlow: Addison-Wesley. (1997).

[16] L. W. Foster, GEO-METRICS II: Addison-Wesley. (1992).

[17] P. Krus, An Information Theoretical Perspective On Performance, Refinement and Cost, presented at ASME 2005 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences & Computers and Information in Engineering Conference, Long Beach, California USA, (2005).

[18] Information on http: /gicl. cs. drexel. edu/wiki/Group_10_-_Kodak_Flash_Camera.

[19] Information on http: /gicl. cs. drexel. edu/wiki/Kodak_Waterproof_Disposable_Camera Appendix Relationships matrixes of Kodak single-use cameras.