Experimental of Cascade Refrigeration System Using Natural Refrigerant Mixture Ethane and Carbon Dioxide at Low Temperature Circuit and Natural Refrigerant Propane at High Temperature Circuit

Abstract:

Medicine and biomedical research activities require cold storage to store biomedical specimens such as, for example, stem cell, sperm, blood and other organs. During storage, to prevent the specimen from damage required a special cold storage reaches -80°C [1]. Using single cycle refrigeration machine can only reach -40°C, and performance deteriorates below -35°C drop in pressure associated with evaporation. Thus, to reach lower temperatures, use cascade refrigeration machine [2]. During this low-temperature circuit cascade refrigeration systems still use refrigerants that contain ozone-depleting or global warming (CFCs and HCFCs). To overcome this, a mixture of carbon dioxide and ethane azeotropic a promising alternative refrigerants. Simulation studies and experiments indicate a mixture of carbon dioxide and ethane were able to achieve the minimum temperature to -80°C [4-7]. With the mass ratio 70% R170 and 30% R744 circuit at low temperature refrigeration systems and uses a capillary tube expansion device 0.054 inch diameter with a length of 6 meters and 3 meters then use an electric heater as the cooling load. Cooling load is given by the variation of 90 W, 120 W and 150 W at a cabin in the low temperature circuit. From the experiment will be known characteristics of cascade refrigeration system with refrigerant mixture and will get the parameter data to make cascade refrigeration machine.

• Periodical: Applied Mechanics and Materials (Volume 388)
• Pages: 96-100
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.388.96
• Online since: August 2013
• Authors: Nasruddin Nasruddin, M. Idrus Alhamid, Darwin R.B. Syaka, Arnas Arnas
• Keywords: Capillary Tube, Cascade, CO₂, Ethane, Refrigerant

References

[1] Tianing. Ni Wayan, Sumitro, Sulistyowati dan Muliartha, 2002, Gambaran Histopatologi Dan Amplifikasi Gen Atpase 6, 8 Serta Cox Iii Pada mtDNA Dari Jaringan Kanker Payudara, Biosain, Vol. 2, No. 2, Agustus (2012).

[2] Wu. Jianfeng, Gong. Maoqiong, Zhang. Yu, 2007, Refrigerant mixtures used in the lower temperature stage of two-stage cascade refrigeration systems, USPTO Applicaton #: 20070007487 - Class: 252067000 (USPTO).

[3] Niu, Boulian, Zhang, Yufeng, 2006, Experimental Study of the Refrigeration Cycle Performance for R744/R290 Mixtures, International Jurnal Of Refrigeration, 30(2007): 37-42.

DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2006.06.002

[4] Darwin Rio Budi Syaka, Nasruddin, 2008, Analisa Thermodinamika Pemilihan Refrigeran Pada Sistem Refrigerasi Cascade, Seminar Nasional Tahunan Teknik Mesin (SNTTM)-VII, Jurusan Teknik Mesin Fakultas Teknik Universitas Sam Ratulangi, Menado, 4 – 6 November.

DOI: 10.32315/sem.3.a068

[5] Nasruddin, Dedeng Rachmat, Lubi Rahadiyan, 2009, Utilization of CO2/Ethane Mixture as a New Alternative of Eco-Friendly Refrigerant for Low Temperature Applications, International Conference Of Saving Energy In Refrigeration And Air-Conditioning, Departemen Teknik Mesin Fakultas Teknik-Universitas Indonesia, Depok, January 14 – 17.

[6] Nasruddin, Darwin Rio Budi Syaka, 2009, Thermodynamics Analysis Of Refrigerant Selection In Cascade Refrigeration System, International Conference Of Saving Energy In Refrigeration And Air-Conditioning, Departemen Teknik Mesin Fakultas Teknik-Universitas Indonesia, Depok, January 14 – 17.

DOI: 10.35166/jipm.101.0004

[7] Nasruddin, 2008, Utilization Of Co2/Ethane Mixture As A New Alternative Of Eco-Friendly Refrigerant For Low Temperature Applications, Report Research, Osaka Gas Fondation Of International Cultural Exchange Japan, Department Of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty Of Engineering, University Of Indonesia, Depok.

[8] ASHRAE Handbook, 2006, Refrigeration System and Applications (SI), American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineer, Atlanta, Georgia; Refrigeration, 29 (2006): 1100-1108.

[9] Niu, Boulian, Zhang, Yufeng, 2007, Experimental Study of the Refrigeration Cycle Performance for R744/R290 Mixtures, International Jurnal Of Refrigeration, 30(2007): 37-42.

DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2006.06.002

[10] NIST Standard Reference Database 23, 1998, NIST Thermodynamics and Transport Properties of Refrigerans and Refrigeran Mixtures, REFPROP, Version 8. 0.

[11] Bhattacharyya, Souvik, S. Mukhopadhyay, A. Kumar, R.K. Kurana, dan J. Sarkar, 2005, Optimization Of CO2-C3H8 Cascade System for Refrigeration and Heating, International Jurnal Of Refrigeration, 28: 1284-1292.

DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2005.08.010

[12] Nasruddin, Edi Hamdi, 2003, Natural Refrigerants in Indonesia : Challenge and Opportunity, Presented in ISSM Delft, The Netherland.

[13] Nasruddin, Donni Redford, 2008, Pengujian Mesin Refrigerasi Cascade Menggunakan R22-R404A Dengan Variasi Tekanan Pada Low-Stage, Departemen Teknik Mesin Fakultas Teknik Universitas Indonesia, Depok.

DOI: 10.21776/ub.igtj.2018.007.02.04