Research on the W/O Emulsion Stability Influenced by the Content of Salt and Surfactants

Abstract:

The water-in-oil emulsion has been of great importance in the oil industry. The stability of water-in-oil (W/O) emulsion has been investigated over a wide range of parameters. These parameters are salt concentration (0-8%), nonionic surfactant concentration (0-10%), and co-surfactant concentration (0-4%). The stability of water-in-oil emulsion was studied by recording the height of emulsion at 0, 6, 12, 24h. This investigation describes the coalescence process and shows that the presence of the surfactant is necessary for stable emulsion, and stability gradually decreases with salt concentration to some degree. Moreover, the co-surfactant combined with surfactant can increase the stability of emulsion effectively.

• Periodical: Applied Mechanics and Materials (Volumes 713-715)
• Pages: 2975-2980
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.713-715.2975
• Online since: January 2015
• Authors: Xiao Long Wang*, Yong Hong Liu, Yan Zhen Zhang
• Keywords: Coalescence Process, Salt, Stability, Surfactant

References

[1] Ghannam M T. Water-in-crude oil emulsion stability investigation[J]. Petroleum science and technology, 2005, 23(5-6): 649-667.

DOI: 10.1081/lft-200033001

[2] Sjöblom J, Urdahl O, Børve K C N, et al. Stabilization and destabilization of water-in-crude oil emulsions from the Norwegian continental shelf. Correlation with model systems[J]. Advances in colloid and Interface Science, 1992, 41: 241-271.

DOI: 10.1016/0001-8686(92)80014-o

[3] Kanterewicz R J D, Elizalde B E, Pilosof A M R, et al. Water‐Oil Absorption Index (WOAI): A Simple Method for Predicting the Emulsifying Capacity of Food Proteins[J]. Journal of Food Science, 1987, 52(5): 1381-1383.

DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.1987.tb14087.x

[4] Javora P H, Beall B B, Vorderburggen M A, et al. Method of using water-in-oil emulsion to remove oil base or synthetic oil base filter cake: U.S. Patent 7, 481, 273[P]. 2009-1-27.

[5] Lewis D S, Knaggs H E. Dual chamber cleansing system comprising water-in-oil emulsion as benefit stripe: U.S. Patent 6, 306, 806[P]. 2001-10-23.

[6] Shakeel F, Ramadan W. Transdermal delivery of anticancer drug caffeine from water-in-oil nanoemulsions[J]. Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, 2010, 75(1): 356-362.

DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2009.09.010

[7] Tang S Y, Sivakumar M. Design and evaluation of aspirin‐loaded water‐in‐oil‐in‐water submicron multiple emulsions generated using two‐stage ultrasonic cavitational emulsification technique[J]. Asia‐Pacific Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2012, 7(S1): S145-S156.

DOI: 10.1002/apj.664

[8] Lefebvre E G. Water-in-oil emulsion for skin moisturizing: U.S. Patent 4, 165, 385[P]. 1979-8-21.

[9] Kumano Y. Water-in-oil emulsifier compositions: U.S. Patent 4, 035, 513[P]. 1977-7-12.

[10] Wang L, Li X, Zhang G, et al. Oil-in-water nanoemulsions for pesticide formulations[J]. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 2007, 314(1): 230-235.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2007.04.079

[11] Nelson K D. Insecticidally-active water-in oil-out emulsions and insecticidally active compositions derived therefrom: U.S. Patent 5, 773, 016[P]. 1998-6-30.

[12] Giribabu K, Ghosh P. Adsorption of nonionic surfactants at fluid–fluid interfaces: Importance in the coalescence of bubbles and drops[J]. Chemical engineering science, 2007, 62(11): 3057-3067.

DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2007.03.002