Applied Mechanics and Materials Vol. 747

Abstract: The terminology and concept of city image is very much related to good city planning and reflects strong image which, defined by Kelvin Andrew Lynch, a town-planner. He elaborates such terminology with regarding to people perception on urban space in term of city legibility and image-ability. Elizur who has classified city image as “rich” and “poor” in his study reminds of prototype and stereotype city place respectively. City image generally refers to the characteristic of a true urban image such as skylines, landmarks and panoramas. Architects, urban designers and town-planners play a crucial role in carrying out the task of shaping the city image. However, when discussion on city image which regards to economics point of view, city image could be interpreted as active use and passive use in accordance to a paper presented by some scholars. Active use means usage of the old buildings restoration and preservation which generates incomes to cover their building’s maintenance and expenses. Examples such as cafés, boutique hotels, art galleries. Conversely, passive use does not generate substantial income but contribute to and beneficial of the community. Examples such as community library, museums and other social activity buildings. Both active and passive use are portraying adaptive re-use of the old buildings. This paper unfolds the common ground which integrates adaptive re-use of pre-war shophouse buildings as architecture concept in Kuala Lumpur Chinatown (KLC) and contributing the city image under the term of conservation. The study is conducted with photographic records, on site study, observation (visual survey technique) and analysis.

Abstract: Jakarta Old City has strong historical value as a genesis of the city today. Taman Fatahillah is one of historical open spaces in Old City which important part of urban area that influence the urban vitality as the public activities are usually performed on those space. The Revitalization of Taman Fatahillah has been implemented, however, a specific guidance to create sustainable adaptive use public open space had not been described. The aims of this research were to study of new entrepreneurial ventures are recognized of economic development from the sustainable adaptive use implementation for Taman Fatahillah public open space with the multiple linear regression methode. The variables of this research were economic-social, community participation, and government support, public open space quality, sustainable public open space. This research shows the finding of model study that partially, public open space quality was influenced by social-economic (P_value=0.00) and sustainable public open space was influenced by social-economic (P_value=0.019) and government support(P_value=0.00). Simultantly, quality and sustanability public open space were influenced by community participation, economic-social level and government support (P_value=0.00). This research has contribution to mobilize the appropriate people to create ventures’ people at large and than make sustainable public open space by social-economic aspect.

Abstract: Ornamentation is one of the elements in mosque which is almost considered as a compulsory element by the common people. Most of these ornaments are using the precedent from Middle East, such as geometry, floral and arabesque (Utaberta, 2014). Many architects are using revivalism approach of past architectural building such as the Putra Mosque, glorious son of Malaysia. The Putra mosque adopts distinct Islamic architecture that calls on a foreign eclectic revivalism (historicism design approach) of the Persian (Iranian) vocabulary found during the glorification of Safavid period (Utaberta 2012). Ornamentation in Islamic building has recorded in many books. describe that one of the first ornamentation in Islamic Building found in Persia which is using revivalism approach in designing ornament in its column. Ornamentation is the key element that is used in most mosques all over the world. The aim of this writing is to provide the Charles Jencks’s approaches to evaluating ornamentation system in mosque especially in Malaysia.

Abstract: Malaysia is one of the classic examples of a multi-ethnic society. The country is proud of its multiracial culture which makes it a model for other countries. The ubiquitous community hall in the Malaysian landscape, as it stands now, has long passed its time of usefulness. These halls are labelled with names like dewan serbaguna, dewan orang ramai or even balai raya. But as it stands today, the community hall in our midst is nothing more than a large empty space used for games like badminton or ping pong and the occa-sional event. The changing modern Malaysian society demands more of this simple out-dated facility; there must be a place for the various ethnic groups to meet and fulfil modern needs such as family days, health checks, child’s play, music lessons and many more important uses This paper strives to identify and analyse some of the architectural problems in current community centres in Malaysia with the focus on the spatial aspects and space usage. It is expected that this paper can give a clear picture of the problems faced by Malaysian community centres with some considerations and a framework to develop a new scheme for community centre development in the future.

Abstract: In the year 1972, UNESCO has defined the term ‘Malay’ as a tribe in Peninsular Malaysia, Thailand, Indonesia, Filipina, and Madagascar. On the other hand, there was a report about two types of definition in terms of law and anthropology regarding the ‘Malay’. According to constitution in case 160(2), Malays have been defined as a person who is Islam, speaks the Malay language, practices the Malay culture and tradition, born before independence day whether in official Malay Federation grounds or in Singapore or, on the day of independence and he or she is a resident in the federation or in Singapore . A Malaysian Anthropologist, Syed Husin Ali stated that the Malay people are brown skinned, average built but robust as well as polite and rather poetic in terms of appearance . In terms of Ethnology, Malay means a group of community that practices the heritage and generation system that was once applied in Mongoloid race . the aim of this paper is to find out the meaning of ‘culture’, its importance, what is our culture and how culture can be used in this research and how culture can be considered in the design of terrace house in the future.

Abstract: There are new buildings replacing the stock of pre-war shophouses due to the result of the city urbanisation as well as economy pressures in Kuala Lumpur. Kuala Lumpur Chinatown (KLC) is one of the most visited tourist in the city of Kuala Lumpur due to its local heritage and unique character. However, the KLC’s economic growth and problem of commercialisation is overriding the heritage elements in KLC are apparent. This can be seen through the number of pre-war shophouses reducing, the sign of deterioration by lacking of maintenance, replacement by new tall buildings and et cetera. There is a need to revisiting users’ devaluation of pre-war shophouses (facades) in KLC. The study focuses in KLC which has encompassed Petaling Street, Tun H.S. Lee Street, Sultan Street and, Tun Tan Cheng Lock Street. KLC is not merely a famous tourist spot but also having its historical and heritage values, especially the facades elements. These facades referred as tangible heritage element which has formed the uniqueness to the city of Kuala Lumpur. Despite those shophouse facades’ elements in KLC having historical and heritage values, the activity of demolition, deterioration and façade modification in KLC is signalling the users’ devaluation of pre-war shophouses in KLC. The stock of pre-war shophouses could diminished eventually if there is no proper old building protection steps being carried out, such as restoration and conservation. Besides, the paper would discuss the possibility and appropriate steps for pre-war shophouses façade elements preservation as to be carried out in parallel with city urbanisation.

Abstract: In Malaysia, universities’ public transportation is less than ideal. This discourages its vast public acceptance and use, particularly in the favor of using private vehicles. That in turn shows its adverse effects, such as traffic jams, environmental pollution, etc. Universities are respected institutions, and pace-setters, in the position to alter and improve the "intellectual culture" in any society. A college campus is open to the public, and its scrutiny. The way public transportation is managed in the campus, could serve as a model for the whole community in large. If we establish an efficient streamlined public transportation system on campus, well received by the faculty, student body and personnel, it would not be long before it is noted by the whole community. A college campus in a sense is public, and belongs to all. Moreover, University Putra Malaysia (UPM) is a leading institution among the other Malaysian universities, notable for its sustainable physical layout. From the research, interview and discuss had been done regarding the effectiveness of power position and municipal authorities. It includes the input from a questionnaire filled by 100 students of UPM University, regarding improvement of public transportation and green transportation systems. This research also addresses a variety of transportation systems -especially cycling- and their conduciveness to social interaction on campus. In this study, we will have the provisions to incorporate our suggested solutions to campus transportation system, into the overall layout of campus planners and university organizers. Ideas and recommendations for solutions would be considered at the end of the study. The ideas and improvements should be well publicized, to promote the public awareness, and its acceptance. In time, it would be engrained as a cultural improvement. Without acceptance, any change would be of little use. Key words: Socio-culture characteristics, in campus transportation, social interactions.

Abstract: Bali is well known as a tourist destination in Indonesia. Balinese culture, inspired by the Hindu Balinese religion and expressed by performing religious activities in the village and the traditional Balinese house, has become attractive to tourists. The increase in the number of tourists has caused an increase in the number of tourist facilities constructed in traditional Balinese houses. New pavilions have been built either adjacent to existing pavilions, in the front and around the courtyard by demolishing the wall or old pavilions, or in the backyard. These constructions have changed the setting, form, and spaces of the house where Balinese, based on tri hita karana philosophy, perform socio-cultural activities to maintain a harmonious relationship with God, other human beings and the environment. This new construction gives rise to the question about the continuity of the religious activities in the new settings of the houses. Does the new transformation cause adjustments of these activities From visual examinations and interviews, this paper examines how rituals continue within the context of house transformation that has come about by the construction of tourist facilities.

Abstract: As a key national target, Malaysia has been trying to become a sustainable and developed country by 2020. In this way, social sustainability, one of the three pillars of sustainable development involves participation of all people and communities as well as their enjoyment of equal human rights. Based on World Health Organization (WHO), one billion disabled people with impairments live in the world. However, the social model of disability proposes that much more people are disabled due to environmental barriers. In this regard, the universal design concept has been implemented as a notion through which built environment is required to service all people with different range of abilities. Mosque buildings are the main religious spot for Muslim people and their most important community center that play a significant role in their daily lives. Accordingly, application of universal design in this built environment is crucial to cater wider range of users. Reviewing the relevant literatures, this article proposes the significance of the application of universal design as an exigency in mosque design process.

Abstract: Since indigenous construction, sustainability had appeared into practice though it was not performed in high technology manner. The paper focuses on the traditional masjids in Malaysia where traditional technology of passive design has long been inculcated. Passive design strategies which are practical are ablution from rain water harvesting, comfortable interior without mechanical ventilation and flexible layout with future expansion, employment of materials suitable to the climate and simple device of roofing system that gives major contribution to the indoor space quality. The paper reveals that practical sustainability features used by the former generations suggest great contributions to the future of architecture and construction without inflating the cost. Three masjids are chosen to be case studies and they are examined and observed in order to conform on the performance of practical sustainability