Applied Mechanics and Materials Vol. 747

Abstract: Green highway is different from conventional highway due to the differences of its concept, fundamental, characteristics and technologies. Stakeholders in highway construction have to overcome various challenges towards the successful implementation of green highway project. Aim of this paper is to investigate the challenges of green highway concept for highway project. This study is based on a set of unstructured interview conducted among three main stakeholders namely highway concessions, government and private agencies. The finding of this study suggested that among main challenges categories for the implementation of green highway concept are legal and regulatory; technical and physical; financial and cultural barriers which are based on the stakeholder’s perspective.

Abstract: Green building has become an important issue among architects and urban planners due to the increment in global warming risks and climatic changes which influenced negatively on natural resources. It is also one of measures been put forward to alleviate the significant impacts of the influence of buildings on the environment, society and economy. There have been extensive studies on green buildings, as evidenced in the rapid growing number of papers been published in last decades. These studies have been conducted in both developed countries and developing countries, indicating this is a global issue. However, there is lack of extensive researches on the green buildings in Iraq that is crucial for the future exerts. This paper reports the definition of green building, the environmental, social and economical aspects of green building, and application of green building's principles in traditional housing in Iraq.

Abstract: In the challenge of development in dense urban areas and environmental preservation, sustainability is a significant requirement where green facade (vertical greening) is one of those approaches that flourished during the last decade although it is not a new concept. Hanging or vertical garden, vertical vegetable farms, balcony garden, container or planter box greening, green or eco building, green roof or rooftop garden, wall planter, and green envelop are all different aspects of this idea that demonstrate how wide this landscape can be. Greening the building envelope with vegetation can be used as a mean to restore the environmental conditions in dense urban areas. Designers can look for enhanced solutions where the façades are more than tinted glass barrier. Several researches have proven the environmental benefits of green facade on both new and existing buildings. They can be applied for mitigating the effect of urban heat island, increasing biodiversity and ecological value, insulating against environmental impact, outdoor and indoor comfort, social and psychological wellbeing and enhancement of air quality for city dwellers. This article discusses different systems of the green facade as a method of sustainable development.

Abstract: Sustainable development demands a significant approach between architecture and the environment. During the challenge of climate change, energy crisis and urban expansion, a new approach is required to address environmental problems and one of these approaches is vertical greening that can be categorized into green facade and living wall.Living wall systems (LWS) consist of plants and partly growing materials that have a number of beneficial functions, for example: increasing the outdoor and indoor comfort, ecological value, biodiversity, insulation properties, improvement of air quality mitigation of the urban heat island phenomenon, and psychological and social well-being of citizens. This paper focuses on different types of living wall systems as a method of sustainable development and their opportunities and threats were discussed.

Abstract: This research proposes a parametric model to be applied in the process of green building design that integrates particular city land use regulations and provide visual feedback to the architect about the setback information, profiles, and Floor Area Ratio that could be integrated with their solutions. In addition, through the use of real-time geospatial inputs, parametric models will add specificity to the site coordinate accounting, neighboring parcels, and land use designation in the solution. Two parallel streams simultaneously investigated, one that checks the local conditions of a single plot and a more global urban conditions considered.

Abstract: The concept of sustainability or green architecture is not considered a new term, it is rather a concept embodied by the traditional architecture in different parts of the world since old ages via spontaneous and experimental compatibility. This compatibility is associated with the environment and with the efficient exploitation of the resources of the natural environment in accordance with the evolution of life and its means over the years. It is obvious to everyone the fact that the teachings of the Islamic religion include a lot of the principles of sustainability, which overlap with the social organization and behavior of the humanitarian community and are reflected on the production both at the level of urban planning standards for cities and urban agglomerations or the features of the traditional architecture. This paper is an attempt to define the concept of sustainability in the references of traditional Islamic architecture, in general and housing in particular, through a review of the relationship between man and the environment and its preservation within the Islamic perspective.

Abstract: Using the local materials will contribute to the main substance in formingthe architecture, in creating the circumstances and in giving the texture. To understand how to use the material effectively, the building expert must have an understanding of local materialscharacteristicthat have been used historically by the consciousness of innovation in the use of the material itself, thus the design approach is easy to develop. Javanesepeople have a genius idea in the use of materials to make their houses, It shows the level of knowledge in the use of materials that have become part of the values​​, norms in the community that have been institutionalized. Genius idea itself expressed in the use of the local material has been representing the expression of sense, intelligence thoughts, ideas, anddream. The points that are responses to the human need for shelter, the surrounding natural environment, socio-cultural, belief in God are able to transfer the subjective knowledge of the skilled building worker and society to the next generation The method used in this research was qualitative research. The purposes of this study were to determine and discover the genius idea of ​​the local materials used in the architecture of Jawanese houses. Keywords: Javanese house,local material, genius idea .

Abstract: Green agenda is a participatory method for developing and implementing local sustainable development strategies and plans with active involvement of different sectors in the local community where the process is conducted. But Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) and Building Related Illness (BRI) are building concerns in African cities, because building designs, materials and styles are alien the culture and climate. The focus of the paper therefore was to deploy sustainability parameters (Green Agenda) to address SBS and BRI in African Domestic Architecture. Taking into consideration the three main aspects of green agenda which includes; identifying local values, process participation and genuinely owned result. The methodology employed was quantitative and qualitative. The findings revealed that the research had addressed the issues of imported design, sick building syndrome and building related illness using sustainability considerations. The study result has shown that the three aspects of local green agenda has socio-cultural nuance in Domestic Architecture that includes the values, beliefs, available materials in the studied community. This pre-supposes that building design necessarily need to have organic content (i.e. it has to be culture specific, socially responsive and environmentally friendly). Organic designs however have proved to be sustainable and also one of the way out of SBS and BRI. Keywords: Green Agenda, Agenda 21, Habitat Agenda, Socio-Cultural, Domestic Architecture, SBS and BRI

Abstract: The development of architecture in early housing in Malaysia existed in the form of shop house and terrace house which were being introduced and popularized by Chinese migrants who settled in Malaysia before the Colonization by British Empire.This paper will discuss briefly the development of modern terrace house in Malaysia. Terrace house is define as a typology of one storey middle class terrace house in this country based on the existing literature review and our research. Those typologies will be used later for the process of typological assessment of terrace house from the cultural perspective at the end of the research. Thus, this paper is important as a step to understand the early development of terrace houses and to see how far the evolution of terrace houses happened until today.