Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 766-767

Abstract: Sugar industry is one of the vital sectors in improving the economy of any country. But, sugar industries are striving hard to increase their profitability due to high cost of sugar production accompanied with low selling price. Without resorting to radical restructuring of sugar plant, but through proper planning, annual savings can be improved. One of the artifices to address this issue is through improving the quality of sugar so that selling price can be increased which in turn generates more revenue to the plant. The Juice Sulphitation process, as applied in the manufacturing of sugar, is a subject of such wide-spread interest. The mixed juice from the mills contains soluble and non-soluble suspended non-sugars. These impurities are to be precipitated by the judicious and controlled addition of Milk of Lime (CaO) and subsequent neutralization by Sulphur Dioxide (SO₂) gas. This paper attempts to improve the quality of sugar by optimizing the quantity of lime (in the form of milk of lime) and sulphur (in the form of SO₂ gas) added in the juice sulphitation process of a sugar plant. Two factor factorial experimentation was adopted to obtain an optimal combination of lime and sulphur quantities. Data of Transmittancy test on sugar juice was collected by varying the quantities of lime and sulphur. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) table was plotted which explored the significant effects of individual treatments and interaction effects. Further to this, comparison of treatment means was carried out to find out the best treatment combination values for achieving the optimal quality of sugar from sugarcane.

Abstract: The main rejections in the machining sections are exhaust valve port leak, injector bore blow hole, induction passage punchered, inlet valve port leak, top face unwash, valve guide hole blow hole, top face leak, joint face unwash, induction face unwash, rear face unwash, valve port unwash, water mixing with oil., water passage blocked, emf leak, injector bore leak, inlet valve port blocked, water way leak, oil way leak and defective jig location pad. This paper describes the method by which the rejections while maching the cylinder head, is minimized.

Abstract: Some restructuring decisions are conceptualized which reflect the aim of the organization to gradually evolve the manufacturing system towards a leaner structure. This is done by way of defining simplified process so that lesser hindrance in terms of cycles of interactions is found. The reframing decisions are given by five restructured configurations of the manufacturing system. Models using graph theory are developed for original configuration and each of the new reframed configurations and the resulting structural characterization information is used to compare the structure of restructured configurations with the original configuration. A graph G is Super Strongly Perfect (SSP) if every induced sub graph H of G possesses a minimal dominating set that meets all the maximal cliques of H. A study on some classes of super strongly perfect graphs like wheel and double wheel graphs (in which each graph represents structure of some manufacturing system) are given.

Abstract: Nano Cutting fluids play a significant role in machining operations and impact shop productivity, tool life and quality of work. In the present work, machining performance of AISI 316L Stainless steel (SS) is assessed under nano cutting environment. Experiments are performed by plain turning of 80mm diameter and 300mm long rod of AISI 316L SS on NAGMAT centre lathe under wet machining with and without Multi Wall Carbon nano Tubes (MWCNT) inclusions in the conventional lubricant. The Second order quadratic models were developed to predict cutting forces using response surface methodology (RSM) based D-optimal design. Machining parameters such as speed, feed rate and depth of cut are chosen as numerical factor, and the wt % of MWCNT content is considered as the categorical factor. Furthermore, using analysis of variance method, significant contributions of process parameters have been determined. Experimental results reveal that wt % of MWCNT and feed rate are the dominant variables on responses.

Abstract: Functionally Graded Materials (FGM) is a newly evolved concept to get desired properties in the material wherein the intermediate layer is transient since the particle size distribution gradually changes. Centrifugal casting [1] can produce only hollow shapes and Centrifuge casting can produce solid shape FGM very effectively. The study of particle distribution in a fluid using centrifuge casting process is carried out considering sand as particle and its distribution is studied under water, for different viscosity values and for viscosity varying with respect to temperature. Based on centrifugal force and density difference, an attempt has been made to mathematically model the centrifuge casting force to estimate the particle distribution over the length of the specimen and also to assess the influence of process parameters such as rotational speed (G-force) and density of the particles.

Abstract: The two-stage Hybrid flow shop (HFS) scheduling is characterized n jobs m machines with two-stages in series. The essential complexities of the problem need to solve the hybrid flow shop scheduling using meta-heuristics. The paper addresses two-stage hybrid flow shop scheduling problems to minimize the makespan time with the batch size of 100 using Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Simulated Annealing algorithm (SA). The computational results observed that the GA algorithm is finding out good quality solutions than SA with lesser computational time.

Abstract: The noise acoustic control in the interior of a diesel engine generator room model is studied and optimized. The finite element modelling and discretization of the engine room is carried out and the noise control is achieved using global active control of sound. The Genetic algorithm (GA) is used to find the optimized location of secondary sources to minimize the sound pressure level at receiver’s location. The secondary sources strengths for the active noise control system are computed using quadratic minimization acoustic potential energy. It is found that the sound pressure level at receiver’s location has been significantly reduced with changing the secondary source positions from arbitrarily to optimal location.

Abstract: Warm deep drawing is a non-conventional deep drawing process which is performed by applying heat in the conventional deep drawing, at the same time keeping the blank below the recrystallization temperature. Austenitic stainless steels like AISI 304 are widely used in food and automotive industries. Most of the current research work in warm deep drawing has been focussing on experimental and numerical simulation only. In this work, a new methodology is proposed to calculate the thickness distribution of the warm deep drawn circular cup from AISI 304 stainless steel sheet of 1.0 mm thickness analytically at temperatures ranging from room temperature to 300°C. The results of the theoretical approach show a reasonably good correlation with the experimental results.

Abstract: Group technology is commonly preferred arrangement in the Cellular manufacturing system (CMS). Since worker have an important role in doing jobs on machines, assignment of worker to cells becomes a crucial factor for utilization of cellular manufacturing system. In this paper, the objective is to minimize the number of voids and exceptional element in a cell. Computational fallout demonstrate that planned particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm can obtain better objective function values in less computational time than existing method.

Abstract: The Permutation Flow shop Scheduling Problem is a typical combinational optimization problem and has been proved to be strongly NP-hard. This paper deals with B-GRASP algorithm meta-heuristic in finding the solution and in analyzing the best the optimal schedule, thus minimizing the bi-objectives such as weighted makespan and total flow time. The proposed approach is evaluated using benchmark problems taken from Taillard and compared with simulated annealing algorithm. Computational experiments indicate that the proposed B-GRASP algorithm is a feasible and effective approach for the multiobjective problem.