Applied Mechanics and Materials Vol. 776

Abstract: An experimental and theoretical are presented to calculate the load capacity of shear single connection (SSC) and shear double connection (SDC) without void filled material. The model presents an extension of the Johansen theory for bamboo connection type, also known as the European Yield Model (EYM). The bamboo of Gigantchloa atroviolacea of the most popular as non-wood has been used as a construction material in some region of Indonesia. The uniqueness bamboo is bamboo non-homogen material, sectional shape non-prismatic, the straighthness stems not same, on the culms guiler node and a cross-section in hollow. The diameter of Gigantochloa atroviolacea bamboo used in this study is ranged from 70 to 90 mm. The diameter of bolt is 12.7 mm. The connection strength can be determined with theoretical and eksperimental. Application theory of the European Yield Model could be developed into theory of connection laterally strength of bamboo without void filler material. Factors that affected of connection laterally strength is bamboo thickness, bolt diameter and spesific gravity. The equation four of connection strength base on European Yield model can calculated of according to yield model of accurred. The connection strength is specified from the value smallest of the equation four of connection yield models.

Abstract: Although road safety is a huge problem in develop and developing countries, road safety measures are not implemented seriously yet, especially in developing countries. Road safety measures are important to be defined and implement before, during, and after road accident occur. Furthermore, evaluation is needed after implementation of road safety measures, in order to find out whether safer road is better or not. The aim of this study is to develop road safety measurement based on existing road condition, traffic condition, accident happened, before and after implementation of road safety measures. Road safety value by indicators as the results should be implemented consistently and hard effort of all stakeholders should be done to provide safer road. Results of this study are important to reduce number and severity of casualties and moreover lead to safer road.

Abstract: Denpasar City is the capital of Bali Province with the population of about 0.9 million. Denpasar City has experienced high increase in private vehicles use and long trip distance to reach activity locations. The objective of this study is to investigate the accessibility of residents to several activities location in Denpasar City. The activities considered in this study included shopping centers, schools and health facility. Accessibility values were calculated based on Hansen’s Index.This study found that the activities in Denpasar City were not evenly distributed. Several zones mainly located in the center of the city had high accessibility values whilst zones located in the north of Denpasar City had low accessibility values. This has caused long average trip distance travelled by resident of Denpasar City to reach location of activities. In order to reduce the average trip distance, a policy intervention is required to re-arrange location of activities in Denpasar City in the future in the form of mix-used development.

Abstract: In off-line applications, travel time is the main parameter of road performance which can be the main consideration for evaluation and planning of transportation policy, and also to assess the accuracy of transportation modeling. While in on-line application travel time is main information for road users to define their travel behavior. Due to the important of travel time, therefore accurate estimation/prediction of travel time is essential. In order to fulfill it, this research analyzed the accuracy of Instantaneous and Time Slice model, and also evaluate the validity of Time mean speed and Space mean speed in mixed traffic condition. There is not much difference in travel time estimation error between models. The travel time estimation was larger than the actual travel time by floating car. It was also found that the error occurred on time mean speed are less than the space mean speed.

Abstract: We employ an integrated model to decide the location of the most optimum harbor infrastructure of tourism in determining the tourism attractiveness for destinations. This study identifies the factors that influence the tourists’ choice for destination and evaluates the tourists’ preference for destinations. A 4-level AHP model, consisting of 22 attributes on the 4th level, developed by Tzu-Kuang Hsu, was proposed and tested using data collected from tourists who visited Bali to establish the relative importance of pre-selected factors (criteria). By using fuzzy set theory and TOPSIS, the preference of 47 given destinations corresponding to each criterion can be evaluated and their final rankings can also be defined. Based on the results of this preference, ten alternative port locations were evaluated using Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) models to find the travel package tours with a minimum duration that can be visited with a long period of time. The TSP model implemented in this study is expected to be able to integrate tourist destinations and transportation systems. The results of computation using the TSP model revealed that Benoa Harbor is the best place to dock for cruise ships based on the number and rank of the tourist preference for destinations that can be visited.

Abstract: Motorcycle dominates traffic in Bali, particularly in urban roads, which occupy more than 85% of mode share. The three types of vehicles, i.e. motorcycles, heavy and light vehicles share the roadways together. Under mixed traffic conditions, motorcycle may be travelling in between and alongside two consecutive motor vehicles. Considering such a situation, passenger car equivalent values should be examined thoroughly. This study aims to determine passenger car equivalent (PCEs) of motorcycle at mid-block of Sesetan Road. Three approaches are used to examine the PCEs values. This study found that the PCE of motorcycles are in a range between 0.2 and 0.4. This values are about the same to the existing PCE of the Indonesian Highway Capacity Manual (1997). This study also pointed out that motorcyclists and car drivers may behave differently to the existence of motorcycles. Car drivers are more aware than motorcyclists on the existence of motorcycle on the road. Further, more samples are required to obtain comprehensive results. In addition, the presence of heavy vehicles need to be considered for future study.

Abstract: Government of Indonesia through Ministry of National Development Planning/Head of BAPPENAS, recently launched a new initiative in regard to Sustainable Development Program/project criteria called Readiness Criteria. The purpose of the criteria is to select proposed development program / project submitted by local governments as well as donor/funding agency especially related to grant or loan funds, through assessment or screening process. The main criteria consist of: relevance, effectiveness, efficiency, sustainability and impact criteria. The screening process implemented using design and monitoring framework (DMF), which is introduced and developed by ADB funded project’s in Indonesia. Decision of the selection process was made based on project assessment tools (PAT). Nowadays, readiness criteria will be implemented during pre-design phase or during proposal submission stages under the planning and budgeting period as stated by Indonesia Development Planning Board/BAPPENAS.

Abstract: Globalization makes the competition ofconstruction is increasingly tight. The competitors faced not only in the regional district/city, province, but increasingly widespread, even cross the country worldwide. Bidding strategy is an important factor that improves competitiveness. It defines as a management skills of using all available resources both physical and financial, in order to offer a comprehensive and competitive bidding. The bidders usually considervarious aspects, including internal, external and environment, with aim to win the bidding competition, and provide maximum project performance.The literature review method is used to create ideas, and synthesize the relatedresearches which have been done previously.This paperaimstodevelop aframeworkthatcanbe usedforevaluationin the early stagesof project selection, basedon theriview of variousliteraturerelated tobidding strategiesandproject performance. The result from the literature riviewconcerning are presented, and a conceptual framework of bidding strategy model is developed.

Abstract: Changes will always occur in project construction and can not be avoided. Many factors can cause changes in the construction project. Most dominant factors of cause of changes in project construction is design change. Design changes will have bad impact on the performance of construction projects, especially the performance of cost and performance time. Many factors can be the cause of design changes. Knowing the factors that cause a design change and knowing its behavior is very important to do. Knowing factor and behavioral of design changes that occur in project construction, and then can be managed properly, it will can be reduce the occurrence of design changes in projects construction. With the reduction of design changes will be able to improve the performance of construction projects, especially at cost and time performance. Construction projects carried out by using a project delivery system. Each project delivery system used will have different contractual relationships, rules, and responsibilities of each party involved. These differences will lead to in the occurrence differences in design change in project construction. Selection of appropriate project delivery system to complete a construction project is needed. The purpose of this paper is to provide a conceptual framework that can be used to determine the behavior, and the effect of design changes on project construction at some project delivery system used.

Abstract: Project overheads are allocated on a percentage basis to project costs and common to maintain multiple cost objects, but cannot directly be distributed to construction activities. Construction project overheads have to be identified their cost behaviours properly in order to sustain Cost Management and Controlling Practices (CMCPs) during the construction stage. The literature review method identified forty seven (47)project overheads and categorised into four hierarchies (unit, batch, project, and facility levels). Therefore, the identification of project overheads should enable a sustainable improvement to the CMCPs in construction projects.