Applied Mechanics and Materials Vol. 835

Abstract: Tea has been a popular beverage since ancient time and accumulated a great deal of culture. In modern society, tea packaging design attracts a lot of attention. How to reflect the integration of traditional culture and modern culture from the perspectives of shape, pattern and color and cater to consumers needs at home and abroad and make the tea packaging fun has become the key of tea packaging design. The important function of packaging is to attract consumers’ attention and trigger their desire to buy the product. Through the visual design of packaging, it is a vital way to reflect the quality of tea, as well as increase the value of goods. Highlighting the characteristics of tea is the fundamental purpose of packaging. The color, pattern and text attribution are essential element in packaging, meanwhile it conveys the product information. The application of color, pattern and text and other factors in the study make the tea more competitive. It exchanges information between tea and consumer. Good tea packaging can not only improve sales, but also enhance the brand image, and expand spread of traditional tea culture.

Abstract: The speed control system of DC motor normally uses increasing of electric current and voltage for obtaining required speed and torque with regardless of effects from variable of load torque to system. Including that noise will make some errors in speed and torque control. This research aims to present a method for developing the high accuracy in speed control of DC motor by a technique of adaptive torque compensation that is evolved on Lyapunov stability and using Kalman filter for screening out the evident noises in the system. Results reveals that the adaptive torque compensator evolved from the Lyapunov stability can compensate a stable torque and when it is worked with Kalman filter, it can compensate torque correctly and can control more accuracy of motor speed.

Abstract: The sliding mode based differential flatness control is used to stabilize the error dynamics in view of unmodeled dynamics employing position, velocity and acceleration as reference values but feeding back to system only the position and velocity measurements. This controller is able to plan trajectories of control gains within the proposed scheme of the controller. By above this paper describes a sliding mode based differential flatness control to a leg-wheel hybrid robot, in order to design a robotic prototype with the ability to move an uneven ground. To prove the controller working a simulation in Matlab-Simulink using Simmechanics is made. The result of this work shows a controller that is able to follow the reference trajectories without overshoots and small chattering.

Abstract: Shift process of automatic transmission is divided into torque phases and inertia phase, and the control principle of clutch to clutch shift is studied with the lever method. Then, inertia phase engine and transmission integrated control principle and entire shift process engine and transmission integrated control principle are respectively studied with taking power on up shift as study example and taking the transmission output torque fluctuations during shifting minimum as control target. Simulation results are compared to the results of power on up shift without engine and transmission integrated control, and it is proved that the transmission output torque overshoot peak with inertia phase engine and transmission integrated control strategy is decreased significantly and shifting jerks are reduced. Shift quality is improved significantly.

Abstract: For MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical System) inertial sensor low precision, high noise and the characteristics of the gyroscope error accumulating, this paper designed a kind of yaw angle measuring system based on EKF (Extended Kalman Filter) by STM32 microcontroller and MEMS sensor. The EKF applys the attitude angle quaternion as the filter state variable, the angular rate as the filter time update. And application of the carrier location's gravitational field and geomagnetic data, complete filter measurement update, suppress divergent attitude error, obtain high accuracy and reliability of the attitude angle (pitch angle, roll angle, yaw angle) data. Experimental results show that the practical application of error control heading within ± 1º, with high practical value.

Abstract: This paper presents a system control design on 2 axes “Delta Industrial Robot”. The control system utilizes both the embedded technology and the “Raspberry Pi" which is a low power consumption PC with open source operating system. The user can communicate with the PC and FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) via the system GUI interface. The FPGA acts as dedicated hardware to provide both the efficiency and flexibility for the closed-loop servo control system.To calculate all related kinematics equations for the robot, look up table approach has been implemented to reduce the calculation complexity. Python programs are also implemented to create and search the look up tables. The inverse kinematics is the key to find the position of the robot. A test load of 0.2 kg at the velocity of 2.618 m/s, the S.D. of the end effector’s position of the test result is within 0.06 mm.

Abstract: The paper presents the bases of a methodology for obtaining a 3D solid model by three-dimensional scanning. The three-dimensional scanning has been available for more than 15 years; and yet, some people have heard of it but a few are familiar with the applications of this technology. 3D scanning is also known as 3D digitization, its name coming from the fact that it is a process that employs a contact or non-contact digitizing feeler in order to capture the form of objects and recreate them as 3D graphic representations in a virtual work space through a very dense network of points (xyz). By means of certain specialized programmes, we can obtain not only the tool’s geometric parameters that can be compared with the obligatory parameters, but also a direct evaluation of the geometric deviations from ideal values.

Abstract: The paper established real-time computing algorithm of S Curve to control the process of acceleration and deceleration for step motor on the basis of a reasonable start frequency. Moreover, this paper used economic embedded ARM STM32F103RCT as the main control chip to control the step motor, which realized this designed real-time computing algorithm. Finally, the relevant testing indicated that the algorithm can realize the rapid response of start and stop for step motor, and can effectively avoid undesirable phenomenon of step losing, overshoot and oscillation.

Abstract: This paper presents the design and construction of a haptic device. This device aims to generate a tactile feedback to the user. The feedback is generated when the user has contact with virtual limits (through a graphical interfaces or electronic cards). These limits could be due to speeding or recklessness from the pilot under conditions of low visibility or turbulence. The paper begin with the design of the lever-shaped cam which has two Degree of Freedom (DOF). It proceeds with the kinematic analysis to obtain the work area. As of workspace is possible to determine the contact point with the geometry of the virtual object. In this event the user will have a tactile feedback, a force or vibration. This force must be minimal, to prevent injury to the user.

Abstract: Creation of the intelligent system for highly structured domain is possible with determining the whole system of concepts included in the ontology of this area. Presentation by means of formal ontology model provides a uniquely interpreted terms. Based on the model of ontology the intelligent system will integrate their knowledge and information components of all sections of the data area. The paper considers the unification of nanomaterials subdomain with other subdomains that are need to be used for intelligent system for nanotechnology. The paper also proposes mathematical ontology model of one of the component - that is ontology model of foams and emulsions class.