Optimisation of Header of a Compact Radiator

Abstract:

The performance of a Plate fin radiator in terms of heat transfer rate and coolant side pressure drop depends significantly on the distribution of coolant through its passages. Uneven flow through the passages i.e. flow maldistribution, can cause local hot spots in the radiator due to high coolant flow in some passages. The flow maldistribution among the passages can be reduced to a large extent by proper optimisation of the header. The present paper investigates the method to optimise the header of a 680 kW radiator to reduce the maldistribution in its passages using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). The analysis was simplified by considering the porous media instead of simulating the exact fin configuration in the radiator. The maximum and absolute values of flow maldistribution factor were considered in this study to determine the effectiveness of the header with respect to flow maldistribution. The flow maldistribution factor was determined based on the individual velocity of coolant in a passage and the average velocity of coolant in all the passages. The methods used for optimisation were rounding the header inlet, tapering the header partially, changing the position of the taper and modifying the end portion of the header. In this paper two parameters, viz., flow maldistribution parameter and absolute maldistribution parameter were considered to measure the maldistribution of a radiator. Due to these optimisations in the header, the maximum and absolute values of maldistribution reduced up to 18% and 45% respectively.

• Periodical: Applied Mechanics and Materials (Volume 877)
• Pages: 327-334
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.877.327
• Online since: February 2018
• Authors: SUBHADIP ROY*, C.S. Vamsi Krishna, N. Ganesh, A. Kumarasamy
• Keywords: CFD, Maldistribution, Porous Coefficient, Radiator Header, Velocity

References

[1] J. Wen, Y. Li, S. Wang, A. Zhou, Experimental investigation of header configuration improvement, Applied Thermal Enginnering. 27 (2007) 1761-1770.

DOI: 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2007.01.004

[2] S. Kim, K. Kim, C. Son, Optimum arrangements of guide vanes in a combining header and its effect on the performance of a tubular heat exchanger, Applied Thermal Enginnering. 103 (2016) 1145-1155.

DOI: 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2016.04.097

[3] C. Wang, K. Yang, J. Tsai, I. Chen, Characteristics of flow distribution in compact parallel flow heat exchangers, part I: Typical inlet header, Applied Thermal Enginnering. 31(2011) 3226-3234.

DOI: 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2011.06.004

[4] H. W. Byun, N.H. Kim, Refrigerant distribution in a parallel flow heat exchanger having vertical headers and heated horizontal tubes, Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science. 35 (2011) 920-932.

DOI: 10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2011.01.011

[5] W. Yaici, M. Ghorab, E. Entechev, 3D CFD analysis of the effect of inlet air flow maldistribution on the fluid flow and heat transfer performances of plate-fin-and-tube laminar heat exchangers, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer. 74 (2014).

DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2014.03.034

[6] W. Yaici, M. Ghorab, E. Entechev, 3D CFD study of the effect of inlet air flow maldistribution on plate-fin-tube heat exchanger design and thermal–hydraulic performance, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer. 101 (2016) 527–541.

DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2016.05.063

[7] Z. Zhang, S. Mehendale, J Tian, Y Li, Experimental investigation of distributor configuration on flow maldistribution in plate-fin heat exchangers, Applied Thermal Engineering. 85 (2015) 111-123.

DOI: 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2015.04.011

[8] H. Hajabdollahi, S. Seifoori, Effect of flow maldistribution on the optimal design of a cross flow heat exchanger, International Journal of Thermal Sciences. 109 (2016) 242-252.

DOI: 10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2016.06.014

[9] K. Saleh, O. Abdelaziz, V. Aute, R. Radermacher, Approximation assisted optimization of headers for new generation of air-cooled heat exchangers, Applied Thermal Enginnering. 61(2013) 817-824.

DOI: 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2012.06.007

[10] J. Wen, Y Li, Study of flow distribution and its improvement on the header of plate-fin heat exchanger, Cryogenics. 44 (2004) 823–831.

DOI: 10.1016/j.cryogenics.2004.04.009

[11] FLUENT's users guide.