Experimental Hydro- and Aerodynamics Research on Arrow

Abstract:

This study aims to investigate the hydro- and aerodynamic characteristics of arrows as understood within the field of archery and to contribute to theoretical knowledge, upon which archery techniques are based. The water tunnel and wind tunnel are used to test different arrows consisting of four famous brands.The results showed that when the angles of attack from -6°to 6°, the arrow remained in the state of attached flow. Arrows that had spiral plastic fletches demonstrated better states of flow than arrows with straight fletches. Within the range of the experimental angles of attack, the coefficients of lift increased, while the coefficients of pitching moment decreased when the angle of attack increased. The arrows showed static stability in the longitudinal direction. Arrow fetches also demonstrated considerable influence on the lift and pitching moment. The rolling of the arrows caused the change of the coefficient of lift. Based on the results, it can be concluded that arrow fetches are the major contributors to the arrows’ flight stability.

• Periodical: Advanced Materials Research (Volume 1022)
• Pages: 113-117
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.1022.113
• Online since: August 2014
• Authors: Xiao An Long*
• Keywords: Arrow, Arrow Fletch, Hydrodynamics, Water Tunnel, Wind Tunnel

References

[1] Clarys JP, Cabri J, Bollens E, R. Sleeckx R, Taeymans J, Vermeiren M, Van Reeth G, Voss G (1990).

DOI: 10.1080/02640419008732149

[2] Zanevskyy I (2001) Lateral deflection of archery arrows. Sports Engineering.

DOI: 10.1046/j.1460-2687.2001.00066.x

[3] French M and Tom Kirk (2007) Measuring the flight of an arrow using the Acoustic Doppler Shift. Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing, 21: 1188–1191.

DOI: 10.1016/j.ymssp.2005.08.018

[4] Hennessy MP, Parker AW (1990) Electromyography of arrow release in archery. Electromyogr Clin Neurophysiol, 30(1): 7-17.

[5] Kooi BW (1997) On the mechanics of the arrow: Archer's Paradox. Journal of Engineering Mathematics 31: 285–303.

[6] Kooi BW (1998) Bow-arrow interaction in archery. Journal of Sports Sciences, 16(8): 721 – 731.

DOI: 10.1080/026404198366353

[7] Landers DM, Petruzzello SJ, Salazar W, Crews DJ, Kubitz KA, Gannon TL, Han M (1991) The influence of electrocortical biofeedback on performance in pre-elite archers. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 23(1): 123－129.

DOI: 10.1249/00005768-199101000-00018

[8] Pekalski R (1990) Experimental and theoretical research in archery. Journal of Sports Sciences, 8(3): 259 – 279.

[9] Rayan GM (1992) Archery-Related Injuries of the Hand, Forearm, and Elbow. Southern Medical Journal, 85(10): xxx.

DOI: 10.1097/00007611-199210000-00007

[10] Salazar W, Landers DM, Petruzzello SJ, Han M, Crews DJ, Kubitz KA (1990) Hemispheric asymmetry, cardiac response, and performance in elite archers. Res Q Exerc Sport. 61(4): 351-9.

DOI: 10.1080/02701367.1990.10607499

[11] Schmoelzer B, Mueller W (2002) The importance of being light: aerodynamic forces and weight in ski jumping. Journal of Biomechanics 35 (2002) 1059–1069.

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9290(02)00066-0

[12] Soylu AR, Ertan H, Korkusuz F (2006) Archery performance level and repeatability of event-related EMG.

DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2006.05.002

[13] Stuart J, Atha J (1990) Postural consistency in skilled archers. Journal of Sports Sciences, 8(3): 223 – 234.

DOI: 10.1080/02640419008732148

[14] Virmavirtaa M, Kivekas J, Komi PV (2001) Take-off aerodynamics in ski jumping. Journal of Biomechanics 34 (2001) 465–470.

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9290(00)00218-9

[15] Zanevskyy I (2006) Bow tuning in the vertical plane, Sports Engineering, 9(2): 77-86.

[16] Zanevskyy I (2008) Modeling and Computer Simulation of Bow Stabilization in the Vertical Plane. International Journal of Sports Science and Engineering. 2(1): 3-14.