Advanced Materials Research Vol. 1051

Abstract: Ecological architecture usually symbolise the sustainability of modern cities. With the improvement of living standard, people have higher requirements for the energy consumption.The sustainable living environment becomes a great research project. This paper introduces the concept and characteristics of ecological architecture, analyses the problems in the development of ecological architecture, presented the basic principles of ecological architecture design and discusses the strategies of ecological architecture design.

Abstract: High-rise buildings have some characteristics such as high altitude, complex structure and various functions. Once in fire, casualties and property loss might be more frequent in high-rise buildings. In order to reduce the fire caused casualties and property losses effectively, the characteristics of high-rise buildings were analyzed and concluded in this paper, and related suppression strategies were also put forward. A few suggestions were given to the study of fire suppression in high-rise buildings in the future in according to the research situation.

Abstract: With the accelerating process of urbanization, the urban transportation has changed a lot. The original way of space organization and traffic management of the campus-front space of elementary schools, which can only guarantee for the purpose of teachers and students coming through, was unable to meet the current requirements. This phenomenon causes the congestion at the school gate to and from school, and brings great security risk. In this paper, we take some urban schools of Wuxi for example, through the investigation of the campus-front space of these schools, to analyze the exist problems of the elementary school campus-front space, and to reveal the causes of the problems, so as to provide a reference for the design of primary school campus-front space.

Abstract: This paper reports on the investigation of the structural behavior of wallettes made from wood-wool cement composite panel (WWCP). Initially, a series of experimental test were carried out to investigate the mechanical properties of WWCP namely density, bending properties (MOR and MOE), compressive strength and tensile strength for two thicknesses of WWCP (50 mm and 100 mm). Then, the axial compression capacity of WWCP was investigated using wallettes. In the fabrication of wallettes, there are two types of panel arrangement considered and denoted as W1 and W2. For W1, 100 mm thick WWCP was used and cut into size of 300 mm width and 600 mm length. The cut panels were then stacked vertically (two layer) in running bond pattern to form a 600 mm x 600 mm wallettes. The top and bottom panels were connected together with 10 mm thick mortar paste and three vertical steel bars were inserted between panels. In addition to this, an enhancement has been made by fixed two U-Nail at the connection area on each side of wallettes. For W2, a new panel arrangement technique has been proposed by integrating two layers of 50 mm thickness of WWCP (cut into size of 300 mm width and 600 mm length) with different orientation of panel arrangement to form a 600 mm x 600 mm wallettes. The front side of the panels has been arranged in the longitudinal direction, whereas back side in transverse direction. The front and back side panels were bonded together using either adhesive or mortar mix with different thicknesses to form approximately 100 mm (± 15 mm) thick wall. For mechanical properties of WWCP, it was found that, the strength properties of the panel decreases with the increased in panel thickness. For the axial compression test of wallettes, the results showed that, a new proposed of panel arrangement technique with mortar mix significantly improved the stability as well as increased load carrying capacity of wallettes.

Abstract: Based on different molar ratio of MgO/MgCl₂, H₂O/MgCl₂, magnesium oxychloride cement (MOC) paste was prepared, and soaked in chloride solutions of different concentration. The compressive strength of different age was measured and the component and microstructure of the hydrate was tested by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to investigate the hydration characteristics of MOC soaked in chloride solutions of different concentration (10%, 20%, saturated, super-saturated). The results showed that the MOC paste specimen could hydrate, harden, develop and keep strength in saturated chloride solution, but the strength can not maintain in chloride solution of low concentrations; it is found that MOC could hydrate, harden, develop and keep strength in particular chloride solution owing to the formation, development and stabilization of 518.

Abstract: Architecture is not only the material carrier of construction technology, but also the material expression of building culture in each era. The essay explores the way of how the construction, as the material witness, embodies the differences in epoch and culture by analyzing these by time. Furthermore, the paper analyzed different era information expressed by the constructions in different times and draws the conclusion: Protection not only means a formality.

Abstract: The abrasion resistance of the alkaline residue admixture concrete was observed in the experiment under different conditions, the results showed that: the abrasion resistance of the alkaline residue concrete first increased and then decreased in the law with the increase of alkaline content. The abrasion resistance of concrete is best when the content of alkaline residue is 10% of cement material, combined with SEM image analysis, the microstructure of concrete that alkaline residue accounted for cement material 10% is more dense than others proportions concrete, and the abrasion resistance of concrete will decrease with the increasing the amount of alkaline residue. The experiment also observed the abrasion resistance of the different curing period of the alkaline residue admixture concrete. We could find that the abrasion resistance of concrete increases with the growth of curing age.

Abstract: The technique took into account the high underground water level silty soil with stronger capillarity, subgrade soil easy water softened in Yellow River flood plain areas. It seriously affected the stability of subgrade. If lay a layer of gravel cushion in the ground, and then buried soft permeable pipes in the lower part of embankment, the permeable pipes filled with sand, the top of pipes sealed with geotextile, it would form the vertical drainage channel for the capillary water. So capillary water would along the vertical drainage channels formed by sand core soft permeable pipe and horizontal drainage channels formed by gravel cushion flowed out of the subgrade. The reliability of the method is verified by seep/w module in GEO-studio. This technique could effectively improve the strength and stability of subgrade, reduce the adverse effects of capillary water on the roadbed.

Abstract: Building integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) components can replace conventional components for the construction of building skins and they can produce renewable electricity during their lifetime. BIPV components can have therefore lower life cycle costs than conventional building components, which do not generate any gain during their lifecycle. The detailed calculation of economical profitability of BIPV is dependent on multiple factors, such as the specific case and the specific basic conditions. However, exemplary calculations indicate that it is possible to compensate the cumulative costs of BIPV components, at least to a significant degree, if the gain of the renewable electricity production during a BIPV component’s lifetime is considered in the life cycle cost calculations. Accordingly, BIPV systems are in general economically more profitable than ground-mounted PV power plants in open areas.

Abstract: With the development of urban construction, lots of deep foundation pits have come forth continuously. As a new support structure for foundation pit, sheet piles is used in-situ due to its rigidity of pile body, but the mechanism of pile-soil interaction of sheet piles is still unclear. In order to study the bending moment behavior of sheet piles under different excavation situations and surcharge loading, the special device was designed and a series of model tests were conducted to investigate the effects of sheet piles retaining structure. The result indicates that sheet piles bending moment increases with excavations and loadings, but decreases after reaching 30 cm. bending moments are different in different positions, the deformation and moment in middle pile is the largest. Pile bending moment increases when piles spacing increases, for attenuating the pile group effect, pile-soil interaction of sheet piles can be used effectively when piles spacing is 5cm, and the supporting effect is ensured.