Advanced Materials Research Vol. 1051

Abstract: Waterborne polyurethane and chitosan were mixed in different volume ratio, and finished on the cotton of plasma pre-treatment and non-plasma pre-treatment to discuss the influence of plasma pretreatment on the properties of the fabric. Firstly, the mixed aqueous emulsion was made into film and analyzed by FTIR. Secondly, the relationship between the properties of whiteness, wrinkle recovery performance and water vapor permeability of the fabric that finished by the only blended solution and the mixed ratio was studied. Finally, the property changes between the pretreatment with and without plasma was compared. The results showed that, the blended film not only had both polyurethane and chitosan characteristic peaks, but also generated the new characteristic peaks; the three properties of the fabric that finished by the only blended solution changed with the mixed ratio; the plasma pre-treatment would increase the fabric’s whiteness, decrease wrinkle recovery performance, but the water vapor permeability would improve obviously.

Abstract: In order to reduce environmental pollution and recycle the intercalating solution, a new way to prepare expandable graphite (graphite intercalation compound, GIC) by ozone oxidation was proposed. The influences of the intercalating solution, reaction time, ozone flow and concentration of sulfuric acid on exfoliated volume (EV) were discussed in detail. The EV of H₂SO₄-GIC is much bigger than that of HClO₄-GIC or fuming HNO₃-GIC. The optimum condition with the maximum EV of 285 ml/g at 950°C may be that reaction time, ozone flow, sulfuric acid concentration are 3.5 hours, 80 ml/min and 98 wt_. %, respectively. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns were used to analyze the structure and confirmed that GIC had indeed been prepared successfully. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images showed the morphologies of GIC and exfoliated graphite (EG).

Abstract: Catalytic hydrodechlorination (HDC) is an innovative means of transforming chlorinated waste streams into a recyclable product. Hydrodehalogenation of 4-tert-butyl-1-chloro-2-nitrobenzene over Raney nickel catalyst has been investigated. The influence of different parameters, such as reaction solution, bases type, temperature and pressure are explored. Using Raney nickel as catalyst, methanol and water (v: v=4:1) as the reaction solution, ammonium acetate as the addictive, the ratio of ammonium acetate and 4-tert-butyl-1-chloro-2-nitrobenzene is 1:1, temperature 140 °C and pressure 3.0 Mpa, the highest efficiency can be achieved on hydride-chlorination of 4-tert-butyl-1-chloro-2-nitrobenzene. We find that a rather high catalytic activity can be retained by adding water.

Abstract: This paper is concerned with the study of the performance of soft magnetic ferrite mixed with aluminum cement and silicon steel sheet. By measuring the amount of different substitution, the mix proportion of the soft magnetic ferrite, the temperature of different experimental point on the transformer, and the output voltage, we can analysis the performance of soft ferrite on permeability, loss rate and so on. After the data was analyzed, we can get the best mix proportion of iron aluminum and cement,and the best amount of substitution replacing silicon steel sheet.Then a new type of mix soft magnetic ferrite is developed. This experimental study can be applied to large-scale power and electrical equipment which can reduce production costs and improve production efficiency.

Abstract: Phosphogypsum is a kind of by-product of the phosphate fertilizer production process, mostly in the form of CaSO₄·2H₂O, the analytical determination of the content of the main component is the basis for the comprehensive utilization of phosphogypsum. This paper introduces three analytic procedure to determinate the content of crystal water, SO₄^2-, Ca²⁺ to calculate the CaSO₄ content of phosphogypsum, through a comparison between the results of three methods, we can conclude that granularity of phosphogypsum has the smallest influence on the crystal water determination method, but only applicable to determination of gypsum containing crystal water in single phase. However, the measure of SO₄^2-, Ca²⁺ is not restricted by the phosphogypsum phase, but influenced by the particle size. SO₄^2- determination operation is relatively simple and easy to control, reversely, Ca²⁺ determination operation is complex and hard to control.

Abstract: The present technological development makes us to find and fabricate new materials to replace existing materials. Also, the need for environmental friendly, easily biodegradable material plays prime role in determining the raw materials. In this paper Flax and Kenaf fibres are used as the suspending matrix to form hybrid composite with epoxy resin. Hand layup technique is carried out in this work to fabricate composite laminate. The double shear property is evaluated. The result shows that the hybrid composite shows better property than mono fiber composites.

Abstract: Experiments on the catalytic pyrolysis of corn stover and catalytic reforming of pyrolysis vapors were conducted in a tubular fixed-bed reactor. The influence of reaction temperature, pyrolysis catalysts, dosage of pyrolysis catalysts and dosage of reforming catalysts were investigated. The results showed that with the increase of reaction temperature, the oil and char yields decreased and the gas yield increased. The highest-quality bio-oil was achieved at the reaction temperature of 400 °C, and dolomite showed a best performance on the biomass pyrolysis compared to other catalysts. Besides, When the dosage of pyrolysis catalyst was 1 g, the relative content of aromatic was 43.92 wt% and the relative content of acids was 47.58 wt%, and when the dosage of reforming catalyst was 2 g, the relative content of aromatic was 34.1 wt% and the relative content of acids was 58.7 wt%.

Abstract: Polystyrene/Fe₃O₄ composite microspheres were prepared by miniemulsion polymerization. The composite microspheres comprised of polystyrene core and magnetite nanoparticles as shell. Magnetite is modified with silane coupling to modify strong hydrophilic property, for a function of co-stabilizer. Acrylic acid as a co-monomer was employed to link polymer with magnetite nanoparticles. The microspheres were homogeneous distribution, The thickness of the shell was from10nm to 25nm. The morphology and structure of the composite microspheres were characterized by FT-IR, TEM, XRD, TG and XPS et al. The Effects of co-monomer, auxiliary emulsifier, emulsifier on the composite microspheres have been discussed.

Abstract: Lithium ortho-silicate is a suitable solid sorbent for capturing CO₂. This reversible chemical reaction is applicable to CHP. Reaction rate of Lithium ortho-silicate are studied by TG ( Thermogravimetry) and volumetric method that the influence of heat and mass transfer limitations at packed bed is designed as small as possible. CO₂ adsorption reaction rate depends on the temperature. During continual operation, maximum reaction rate do not decrease for 10cycle and it turned out that the reaction system is repeated with from kept .The adsorbent utilization is higher than 60% at every condition. It turn out that lithium ortho-silicate is applicable to CHP.

Abstract: The rheological properties of two kinds of poly (L-lactic acid) melts (AI-1001 and 4032D) have been investigated using a melt flow indexer within the temperature range from 170 to 190 and load varying from 2.16 to 12.5 kg. It was found that the melt volume flow rate (MVR) and extrudate swell ratios (B) increased non-linearly with increasing load when the temperature was constant; the MVR increased while the B decreased with a rise in temperature for both the AI-1001 and 4032D melts; the relationship between the MVR and temperature obeyed expression like as the Arrhenius equation when the load was fixed. Under the same test conditions, the values of the MVR and B of the AI-1001 melt were higher than those of the 4032D melt, and the sensitivity of the MVR and B to the load for the former is higher than those for the latter.