Advanced Materials Research Vol. 1051

Abstract: AZ31 and AZ61 magnesium alloys were discharged in 1.2mol·L^-1 MgSO₄ solution to investigate their performances as anode fuel material in metal-air fuel cells. The results show that aluminum in alloys takes part in the discharge process and forms the colloid of Al (OH)₃. The Al (OH)₃ facilitates Mg (OH)₂ dropping from the surface of alloy electrode, which results in the more negative and stable discharging potential of AZ61 alloy than AZ31 alloy. The discharge efficiency of AZ31 alloy is less than AZ61 alloy because of the more server negative difference effect of AZ31 alloy.

Abstract: The present experimental investigation was carried out in order to explore the possible molecular interactions of D(+) mannose with mixed solvent of aqueous NaCl, KCl , MgCl₂ and CaCl₂at 303 K. Experimental values of densities and ultrasonic velocities were carried out of the ternary mixture solution D(+) mannose with aqueous NaCl ,KCl, MgCl₂ and CaCl₂. Aqueous alkali metal halides (NaCl ,KCl , MgCl₂ and CaCl₂ ) were added under different molalities with D(+) mannose. The related and relevant parameters correlated to the present study such as adiabatic compressibility K_s, acoustic impedance Z, apparent molal volume ф_v, apparent molal adiabatic compressibility, ф_Ks, and partial molal volume ф⁰_v and partial molal adiabatic compressibility, ф^o_Ks at infinite dilution. The present investigation has exploited the possible molecular associations such as ion-ion, ion-solvent, solute-solute and solute-solvent interactions in these systems. It has been observed that there exist strong solute-solvent interaction and complex formation between in these ternary systems.

Abstract: With TEMPO-NaClO-NaBr as the selective oxidation system, the oxidized corn starch was prepared from the corn starch, substituting traditional pre-gelatinized corn starch. The relationship of the carboxyl mass fraction of the oxidized starch and the dosage of oxidant was studied under the conditions such as: the mass of the corn starch was 5.0g, the pH was 10.00, the reaction temperature was 20 °C. The structure of the oxidized corn starch was characterized by IR. The results showed that when the consumption of NaClO was 67.5 mL, the reaction time was 2.5 h, the carboxyl of oxidized starch can reach 10.60%.

Abstract: The horizontal well suffers from serious water influx problems, so the development of efficient selective blocking agent becomes more and more important for water shutoff treatment in horizontal wells. In this paper, a novel selective water-blocking agent, emulsified asphalt, was used to solve the water production problem. For the emulsified asphalt, its rheological property, particle size distribution, stability and plugging capacity were discussed. The experimental results were as follows: The viscosity of emulsified asphalt was very low, and the frequency distribution of emulsified droplets with the size less than 3μm exceeded 80%. The emulsified asphalt had strong stability, keeping stable for at least 150 days. The heterogeneity of the reservoir was reduced significantly resulting from the plugging of the emulsified asphalt. Steam injection experiment showed that the blocking agent could also be used as a steam channel blocking agent in heavy oil thermal recovery wells. Hence, the emulsified asphalt was suitable to be used as blocking agent in horizontal wells and thermal recovery ones.

Abstract: This paper introduced the characteristics of α high-strength gypsum preparation from FGD gypsum by autoclaved semi-dry process. The compositions of the product in different stages of the reaction and the effects of crystal modifiers on the morphology of the α-HH crystals were examined and compared. The properties of α-HH and the feature of hydration products of α-HH were investigated. The results indicated that the α-HH crystals were well-shaped with the aspect ratio of 1 and the compressive strength of the α-HH could reach or exceed 60MPa. In the new process, the reaction time could be significantly shortened to 2.5hrs, which was much shorter than the conventional process. This process could be widely applied to prepare α high-strength gypsum with phosphogypsum, citric acid gypsum, etc.

Abstract: Montmorillonite pillared by mixing Fe, Fe-Cr, Al-Fe and Cu-Al complexes was investigated for their catalytic activities for Water Gas Shift Reaction (WGSR). Element chemical analysis showed that the content of Fe, Fe-Cr, Al-Fe catalysts were 26.93%, 31.03%, 28.20%, respectively. Compared with the traditional shift catalyst, in the same shift condition, we can use the PILC catalysts to substitute. Using PILC catalysts can accurately control the constitution of synthesis gas over changing shift rate.

Abstract: Outdoor applications of wood-plastic composites (WPCs) have raised question about the durability of such materials. WPCs are vulnerable to weathering factors such as UV radiation, moisture and freeze-thaw action. Weathering can cause discoloration, chalking, dimensional changes and loss of mechanical properties.This comparative study examines the effects of increased moisture content and artificial weathering on the properties of wood-plastic composites. Five commercial wood-plastic composite products from five different manufacturers were chosen and their water absorption, thickness swelling, impact strength and resistance to artificial weathering analyzed. An in-house manufactured wood-polypropylene composite with carbon black pigment was used as a reference product. In addition to quantitative investigation of material properties, the measured values were also compared with the values ​​reported by the manufacturers.The composite samples were exposed to accelerated weathering in a xenon weathering chamber for 500 hours. The color change was estimated by spectrophotometer method. The weathering resulted in no significant color fading of the composites. After weathering, the general trend was a minor decrease in impact strength. Also the water absorption and thickness swelling of commercial WPC products remained on a low level.

Abstract: Previously bamboo fiber reinforced PP composites was manufactures using Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) and Phenolic resin for Resin impregnated bamboo fiber with polypropylene (PP). Using 40% weight fraction of bamboo fiber in PP matrix, PVA impregnated composites with mean flexural and tensile strength 10% higher than untreated were produced. The PVA treatment improved the tensile and flexural strength of bamboo/PP composites and increased water absorption ratio. Next, matrix modified with Maleic Anhydride grafted Polypropylene (MAPP). For matrix PP mixed with 10% of MAPP. In this study, resin impregnation method dose not make different for mechanical properties of composites. Untreated and PVA, Phnolic resin impregnated mechanical properties was almost same. However; it can decreased water absorption PVA resin absorption bamboo fiber composites.

Abstract: The article has studied the effects of ionic liquids on the induction time of methane hydrate formation under different mass concentrations, temperatures and pressures. The results show: all the tested ionic liquids can postpone the induction time of hydrate forming. Among them, imimidazolium-based ones have the strongest ability; The concentrations of ionic liquids also have strong effects on the induction time, and 0.5% is optimal. In addition the inhibiting abilities of ionic liquid on the induction time change with different pressures and temperatures, but not obviously.

Abstract: The experiment proved the effect of burning urban domestic wastes on alkali-resistant bricks and spalling-resistant high alumina bricks by the Static crucible method. The result indicates that the main erosion mechanism is slag permeable and slag erosion. Burning the waste will emit high temperature gases containing alkali, sulfur and chlorine, and the gases react with refractory materials contribute to the formation of sulfate, chloride and compound salt, which deteriorate and invalid refractory gradually. Through SEM, it is observed that the loose structure of metamorphic layers and easily spalled during thermal stress.