Advanced Materials Research Vol. 1051

Abstract: The effects of modified atmosphere packaging (MAP: 80%CO₂/20%O₂) and chitosan (CS: 10.0g/L) on the shelf-life of pomfret (Pampus argenteus) fillets during chilled storage were studied. Quality assessment was based on biochemical (total viable counts (TVC), total volatile base nitrogen (TVB-N), tri-methylamine (TMA-N), K-value, pH value) and sensory analysis indices determination. The results showed that MAP and CS could keep the sensory quality of Pampus argenteus, delay its deteriorating speeds and slow down the increase of K-value effectively. Compared with the control samples, the shelf-life of pomfret samples in MAP and CS stored at 4±1°C were 10, 12d respectively.

Abstract: The experiment was conducted to evaluate kindey selenium status, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity and GPx-1 expression in mice fed with nanoselenium. Sixty KM mice, female and male in half, were randomly divided into control, sodium selenite and nanoselenium groups. 0.5 milliliter of water, sodium selenite (2 μg Se/mL) and nanoselenium (2 μg Se/mL) were respectively supplemented to the three groups in oral (ig) every day. Whole experiment lasted for 28 days. Kindey selenium contents, GPx activities and GPx-1 mRNA expression were analyzed at experiment trrmination. The results showed that kindey selenium contents and GPx activities in nanoselenium group and sodium selenite group were very significantly higher than those in control group (P<0.01); kindey GPx activities in nanoselenium group were significantly higher than that in sodium selenite group (P<0.05). Kindey mRNA expression of GPx-1 was approx 166% higher in nanoselenium group and approx 157% higher in sodium selenite group than that in control group. Kindey mRNA expression of GPx-1 was approx 3.50 % higher in nanoselenium group than that in sodium selenite group. The results indicated that nanoselenium supplementation could significantly enhance kindey selenium contents, GPx activities and GPx-1 mRNA expression in mice, nanoselenium was more available than sodium selenite in increasing kindey selenium contents, GPx activities and GPx-1 mRNA expression in mice.

Abstract: Agricultural waste is environmental problem in Amphawa district. Therefore, Biochar is the alternative choice of waste minimization from agricultural waste. This research was aimed to produce biochar by pyrolysis method and characterize the biochar obtained under different raw materials. Branches of pomelo trees, lychee trees, coconut shells and pomelo pulps and the aquatic weed were used raw material for biochar production. The bio char had high carbon at above 70% w/w all of samples. Potassium concentration of pomelo branches and water hyacinth was 1.85 and 1.048 mg/kg, respectively. Surface area of biochar product from Branch of lychee tree was highest at 253 m²/g.The ratio of 1:1 bio char with organic fertilizers is highest plant growth rate.

Abstract: Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) can be prepared in a number of chemical techniques, which are not environmentally friendly. Biosynthesis of nanoparticles by plant extracts is currently under exploitation. In this work, we describe an eco-friendly technique for green synthesis of AuNPs from AuCl4 solution using the Houttuynia cordata leaf extract as reducing agent. The AuNPs were characterized using UV-Visible spectroscopy, SEM, TEM, FTIR and AFM. The UV-Visible spectra indicate a strong plasma resonance that is located at 535 nm. The antibacterial activity of AuNPs was performed on various gram positive and gram negative bacteria. The AuNPs showed more inhibitory activity on gram negative than gram positive bacteria.

Abstract: Strain M2 which can degrade organophosphorus pesticide residues was isolated from the soil. It could tolerate concentrations up to 500mg/L of methyl parathion, 500mg/L of chlorpyrifos and 1000mg/L of dimethoate in mineral salt medium containing 0.5% sucrose. In the soil test, strain M2 could degrade 93% of methyl parathion in the soil within 32 days, 71% of chlorpyrifos within 54 days. The degradation rate of strain M2 is much greater than that of natural microorganisms, soil adsorption and the capacity of natural degradation. Strain M2 was identified as a pesticide-degrading strain of Enterobacter ludwigii according to phenotype, biochemical properties and 16S rDNA sequence analysis. The type strain was M2 deposited in China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center on June 8, 2009 and the collection number is CGMCC NO.3092.

Abstract: To further enhance oil recovery in reservoir after chemical flooding, an efficient activator formulation for promoting metabolism of endogenous microorganism was researched. Changes in community structure, growth and metabolites of endogenous microorganism were analyzed by methods of aerogenic experiments, physical simulation experiments, electron microscopy scanning (SEM), T-RFLP and Pyrophosphate sequencing. To evaluate whether endogenous microorganism activator screened in laboratory could activate endogenous microorganisms and enhance oil recovery in reservoirs after polymer flooding. The flooding effect and mechanism were studied, and this activator was used in a testing well group in Daqing oilfield. The results of the aerogenic experiments showed that the activator could activate the endogenous microorganisms in the injected water and make them produce a lot of biogas. The pressurized gas reached 2MPa after 60d static culture of activator in a high pressure vessel. The results showed that the activator could activate the endogenous microorganisms in the injected sewage and make them have a lot of growth and reproduction in the core and physical simulation of natural core flooding experiment. In the field test,the incremental oil production was 5957 t while the water content declined by 2.2% after injecting the activator, which provides an effective way to further enhance oil recovery in reservoir after chemical flooding.

Abstract: The bacteriostatic effect of nanosilve is researching purposes. Five strains from Aspergillus was used as the experimented materials. The concentration of nanosilver is180 mg / L. 0.3% carbendazim and 0.3% chlorothalonil was used as compering bacteriostatic agents. The results was gained that nanosilve has inhibiting on the growth, spore’s germination, and effecting on bacteriostasis ring and shape of the Aspergillus. The bacteriostasis of nanosilve is very better than blank comparing experimert. For the bacteriostdsis of nanosilve on Aspergillus, there is differentation among strains. The bacteriostdsis of carbendaim is better than chlorothdonil. The batteriostdsis of chlorothdonil is very better than nanosilve. The bacteriostdsis principle is that nanosilve disrupts permeation of cell membrance of Aspergillus.

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the effects of curcumin on blood lipid and blood glucose levels and its mechanism in diabetic rat model. Method: After streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rat model, large, medium and small doses of curcumin group were partly given curcumin solution 400,200,100mg·kg^-1, administered once a day, continuously 30 days. In 30 th day, determine blood glucose (BG) value, after the last injection , determine the serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels. Results: Compared with the model group rats, each dose of curcumin group rats’ BG, TC, TG and LDL-C levels were significantly decreased, HDL-C levels was increased significantly. Conclusion: Curcumin has a certain impact on blood lipids and blood glucose in diabetic rat model.

Abstract: The 90% acetone as extraction agent used in order to obtain the ultrasonic assisted extraction conditions of chlorophyll a. The ultrasonic power, ultrasonic time, centrifugation time and rotational speed as the four study factors and the chlorophyll a concentration as the target, here, the L9(34) orthogonal table of orthogonal experiment design are used in order to determine the optimum extraction contractions, basing on the single factor experiment. The experimental results shows the algae containing water can get better extraction effect, after ultrasonic 30 minutes in 225W and 6000r/min speed centrifugal 9 minutes and then mixing, repeat ultrasound centrifugation steps.

Abstract: The noise of different points in four sections of Shenzhen subway was tested by this paper. Real-time SPL and noise spectrum distribution curves at bogie were given, while the equivalent SPL curve was also shown. The relationship of subway speed and noise SPL was investigated. The regular of noise spectrum characteristics and SPL was obtained. The results show that the noise SPL increases with the increase of the speed. Looking from the frequency range, the frequency corresponding to larger noise SPL amplitude mainly concentrates in the lower frequency while the subway stopping, the frequency corresponding to larger noise SPL amplitude mainly concentrates in high frequency while the subway running.