Functions and Morphology of Metal Lead Addition to Ancient Chinese Bronzes

Abstract:

The typical morphology of metal lead (Pb) in ancient bronzes made in the Spring-Autumn Warring States Period (770 B.C. –221 B.C.), China, was examined by using electron microscopic techniques. We propose that the main purposes for adding metallic Pb in a large quantity into ancient bronzes such as arrows and ritual vessel-Ding were for increasing weight and economical reasons. SEM observations from the fracture surface of the bronzes revealed that the Pb particle possessed a “hollow–cored bubble” structure, which was formed due to absorbing casting gases during solidification and therefore indirectly eliminated the casting porosity and loosen.

• Periodical: Advanced Materials Research (Volumes 26-28)
• Pages: 523-526
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.26-28.523
• Online since: October 2007
• Authors: Chun Xu Pan, Ling Min Liao, Ya Li Hu
• Keywords: Ancient Bronzes, Electron Microscopy, Lead, Microstructure, Spring-Autumn Warring States Period

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