The Effect of Denser Material than Air in Front of Clinical Radiotherapy X-Ray Beam

Article Preview

Abstract:

scatter photon produced during radiationtherapy with high energy photons is the main source of unwanted out-of-field and superficial received doses of patients.Surface buildup dose is dependent on electron contamination primarily from the unblocked view of the flattening filter and secondarily from air and collimation systems .We performed a comprehensive set of surface and buildup dose measurements with a thin window parallel-plate (PPC-40) chamber to examine effects of attenuating media in front of 6 MV X ray. To evaluate the impact of beam segmentation on buildup dose, measurements were performed with 10 × 10 cm2 fields, Measurements were performed in Solid Water using parallel plate chambers and diode for a 6 MV X-ray beam.

You might also be interested in these eBooks

Info:

Periodical:

Advanced Materials Research (Volumes 463-464)

Pages:

905-908

Citation:

Online since:

February 2012

Export:

Price:

Permissions CCC:

Permissions PLS:

Сopyright:

© 2012 Trans Tech Publications Ltd. All Rights Reserved

Share:

Citation:

[1] T.R. Mackie and J.W. Scrimger, Contamination of a 15-MV photon beam by electrons and scattered photons. Radiology 144, 403–9 (1982).

DOI: 10.1148/radiology.144.2.6806853

Google Scholar

[2] P.L. Petti, M.S. Goodman, J.M. Sisterson, P.J. Biggs, T.A. Gabriel, and R. Mohan, Sources of electron contamination for the Clinac-35 25-MV photon beam. Med. Phys. 10, 856–61 (1983).

DOI: 10.1118/1.595348

Google Scholar

[3] J.A. Purdy, Buildup/surface dose and exit dose measurements for a 6-MV linear accelerator. Med. Phys. 13, 259–62 (1986).

DOI: 10.1118/1.595908

Google Scholar

[4] C. Fiorino, G.M. Cattaneo, A. del Vecchio, B. Longobardi, P. Signorotto, and R. Calandrino, Skin dose measurements for head and neck radiotherapy. Med. Phys. 19, 1263–6 (1992).

DOI: 10.1118/1.596758

Google Scholar

[5] M.J. Butson, J.N. Mathur, and P.E. Metcalfe, Skin dose from radiotherapy X-ray beams: The influence of energy. Australasian Radiol. 41, 148–50 (1997).

DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1673.1997.tb00615.x

Google Scholar

[6] A.R. Hounsell and J.M. Wilkinson, Electron contamination and build-up doses in conformal radiotherapy fields. Phys. Med. Biol. 44, 43–55 (1999).

DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/44/1/005

Google Scholar

[7] B. Nilsson, Electron contamination from different materials in high energy photon beams. Phys. Med. Biol. 30, 139–51 (1985).

DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/30/2/003

Google Scholar

[8] Z. Li and E.E. Klein, Surface and peripheral doses of dynamic and physical wedges. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 37, 921–5 (1997).

Google Scholar

[9] S. Kim, C.R. Liu, T.C. Zhu, and J.R. Palta, Photon beam skin dose analyses for different clinical setups. Med. Phys. 25, 860–6 (1998).

DOI: 10.1118/1.598261

Google Scholar

[10] B.J. Gerbi, A.S. Meigooni, and F.M. Khan, Dose buildup for obliquely incident photon beams. Med. Phys. 14, 393–9 (1987).

DOI: 10.1118/1.596055

Google Scholar

[11] N. Lee, C. Chuang, J.M. Quivey, T.L. Phillips, P. Akazawa, L. Verhey, et al. Skin toxicity due to intensity-modulated radiotherapy for head-and-neck carcinoma. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 53, 630–7 (2002).

DOI: 10.1016/s0360-3016(02)02756-6

Google Scholar

[12] S. Yokoyama, P. L. Roberson, D. W. Litzenberg, J. M. Moran, and B. k A. Fraass Surface buildup dose dependence on photon field delivery technique for IMRT, JOURNAL OF APPLIED CLINICAL MEDICAL PHYSICS, VOL. 5, NO. 2, SPRING (2004).

DOI: 10.1120/jacmp.v5i2.1966

Google Scholar

[13] J Morales, M J Butson, A B Rosenfeld, P E Metcalfe, Measurement of radiotherapy x-ray skin dose on a chest wall phantom, Med. Phys. 2000; 27(7): 1676-1680.

DOI: 10.1118/1.599035

Google Scholar

[14] S . Devic, J . Seuntjens et al. Accurate skin dose measurements using radiochromic film in clinical applications. Med. Phys. 2006; 33(4): 1116-1124.

DOI: 10.1118/1.2179169

Google Scholar

[15] DE . Velkley, DJ. Manson, JA . Purdy, GD . Oliver. Build-up region of megavoltage photon radiation sources. Med. Phys. 1975; 2: 14±24.

DOI: 10.1118/1.594158

Google Scholar

[16] E. B . PODGORSAK, P. METCALFE, J . VAN DYK Medical accelerators, Modern Technology of Radiation Oncology: A Compendium for Medical Physicists and Radiation Oncologists (VAN DYK, J., Ed. ), Medical Physics Publishing, Madison, WI (1999).

DOI: 10.54947/9781951134020

Google Scholar