Effects of Tillage Systems on Greenhouse Gas Emission of Wheat-Maize Double Cropping System in North China Plain

Abstract:

Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from agro-ecosystem have been widely concerned as a hot issue. Tillage methods siGreenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from agro-ecosystem have been widely concerned as a hot issue. Tillage methods significantly affect GHG emissions in the farmland. This study was conducted on double cropping system of winter wheat and summer corn in North China with four treatments (conventional tillage CT, conventional tillage with straw retention CTS, no-tillage with straw retention NTS, rotary tillage with straw retention RTS). In order to study tillage effects on field GHG emissions, CO₂, N₂O and CH₄ emissions fluxes were collected. Results showed that soils of each the treatment were net sources of CO₂, but RTS and NTS consumed atmospheric CH₄, while N₂O emission exhibited high annual flux in all the treatments except RTS; soil moisture contents in NTS were maximum (19.3%) and significantly higher compared to the other treatments (at P<0.05 level); CO₂ emission fluxes (g CO₂ m^-2 y^-1) were generally in the order of CTS (6460.3) > CT (5568.4) > RTS (5421.2) > NTS (4200.1); integrated evaluation of field greenhouse effect indicated that it was mainly caused by CO₂, with CH₄ and N₂O as subsidiary components; total greenhouse effect under different tillage treatments was followed NTS < RTS < CT < CTS in North China Plain.

• Periodical: Advanced Materials Research (Volumes 524-527)
• Pages: 2526-2532
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.524-527.2526
• Online since: May 2012
• Authors: Yan Hua Wei, Er Peng Zhang, Fu Chen, Yu Zhang, Hai Lin Zhang
• Keywords: CO₂ Equivalent, Global Warming Potential, Greenhouse Gas Emissions, No-Tillage, Soil Moisture Content

References

[1] IPCC. Climate change. Synthesis report. An assessment of the Intergovernmental Penal on Climate Change ( 2007).

[2] USEPA. U.S. greenhouse gas inventory reports: Inventory of U.S. greenhouse gas emissions and sinks: 1990-2007.Available at epa.gov/climatechange/emissions/downloads09/InventoryUSGh G.1990-2007. pdf (verified 25 Feb. 2011). USEPA, Washington, DC. (2009).

DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-1722-9_7

[3] M. Antle. John and M. Ogle. Stephen: Influence of soil C, N2O and fuel use on GHG mitigation with no-till adoption. Climatic Change (2011).

DOI: 10.1007/s10584-011-0193-7

[4] R. Lal, J.A. Delgado and P.M. Groffman: Management to mitigate and adapt to climate change Journal of Soil and Water Conservation. 66, 276-286 (2011).

DOI: 10.2489/jswc.66.4.276

[5] A. Lohila, M. Aurela, K. Regina and T. Laurila: Soil and total ecosystem respiration in agricultural fields: effect of soil and crop type. Plant Soil. 251, 303–317 (2003).

DOI: 10.1023/a:1023004205844

[6] M. Maljanen, V.M. Komulainen, J. Hytonen, P.J. Martikainen and J. Laine: Carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide and methane dynamics in boreal organic agricultural soils with different soil characteristics. Soil Biol. Biochem. 36, 1801–1808 (2004).

DOI: 10.1016/j.soilbio.2004.05.003

[7] M. Maljanen, P.J. Martikainen, H. Aaltonen and J. Silvol: Short-term variation in fluxes of carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide and methane in cultivated and forested organic boreal soils. Soil Biol. Biochem. 34, 577–584 (2002).

DOI: 10.1016/s0038-0717(01)00213-9

[8] N. La. Jr. Scala, D. Bolonhezi and G.T. Pereira: Short-term soil CO2 emission after conventional and reduced tillage of a no-till sugar cane area in southern Brazil. Soil & Tillage Research. 91, 244-248 (2006).

DOI: 10.1016/j.still.2005.11.012

[9] D.C. Reicosky, D.W. Reeves, S.A. Prior, G.B. Runion, H.H. Rogers and R.L. Raper: Effects of residue management and controlled traffic on carbon dioxide and water loss. Soil Till. Res. 52, 153–165 (1999).

DOI: 10.1016/s0167-1987(99)00065-3

[10] B.C. Ball, A. Scott and J.P. Parker: Field N2O, CO2 and CH4 fluxes in relation to tillage, compaction and soil quality in Scotland (1999).

DOI: 10.1016/s0167-1987(99)00074-4

[11] M. Maljanen, A. Liikanen, J. Silvola and P.J. Martikainen: Methane fluxes on agricultural and forested boreal organic soils. Soil Use Manage. 19, 73–79 (2003b).

DOI: 10.1079/sum2002171

[12] H.L. Kristensen, K. Debosz and G.W. McCarty: Short-term effects of tillage on mineralization of nitrogen and carbon in soil. Soil Biol. Biochem. 35, 979–986 (2003).

DOI: 10.1016/s0038-0717(03)00159-7

[13] K.A. Smith, T. Ball, F. Conen, K.E. Dobbie, J. Massheder and A. Rey: Exchange of greenhouse gases between soil and atmosphere: interactions of soil physical factors and biological processes. Soil Sci. 54, 779–791 (2003).

DOI: 10.1046/j.1351-0754.2003.0567.x

[14] J.W. Elder and R. Lal: Tillage effects on gaseous emissions from an intensively farmed organic soil in North Central Ohio. Soil & Tillage Research. 98, 45–55 (2008).

DOI: 10.1016/j.still.2007.10.003

[15] J.B. Yavitt and T.J. Fahey: Production of methane and nitrous oxide by organic soils within a northern hardwood forest ecosystem. In: Oremland, R.S. (Ed.), Biogeochemistry of Global Change: Radiatively Active Trace Gases. Chapman & Hall, New York, p.261–277 (1991).

DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-2812-8_14

[16] N.S. Panikov, A.S. Belyaev, A.M. Semenov and V.V. Zelenev: Methane production and uptake in some terrestrial ecosystems of former USSR. In: Oremland, R.S. (Ed.), Biogeochemistry of Global Change: Radiatively Active Trace Gases. Chapman & Hall, New York, p.221–244 (1993).

DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-2812-8_12

[17] G. Schaufler, B. Kitzler, A. Schindlbacher, U. Skib, M.A. Sutton and S. Zechmeister-Boltenstern: Greenhouse gas emissions from European soils under different land use: effects of soil moisture and temperature. Eur. J. Soil Sci. 61, 683–696 (2010).

DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2389.2010.01277.x

[18] C. Bayer, J. Mielniczuk, T.J.C. Amado, L. Martin-Neto and S.V. Fernandes: Organic matter storage in a sandy clay loam Acrisol affected by tillage and cropping systems in southern Brazil. Soil & Tillage Research. 54, 101–109(2000).

DOI: 10.1016/s0167-1987(00)00090-8

[19] F. Bonciarelli and R. Archetti: Energy saving through reduction of soil tillage. In: Proceedings of the 15th ISTRO Conference. Fort Worth, USA (CD-ROM), (2000).