Distribution and Enzyme Activities in the Soil around the Fertilizes

Abstract:

An incubation experiment was carried out to study various available N pools and enzyme activities in the soil near fertilizers under controlled temperature and soil moisture. Fertilizers added into soil were chemical fertilizer supplied as urea, organic fertilizer as rapeseed straw, and mixture of urea and rapeseed straw in a ratio of 7:3, respectively. 30 days after incubation, NH+4-N, NO-3-N and 1 N NaOH- hydrolyzed N increased in the soil at < 2.5 cm from the fertilizers in two lateral directions, and progressively decreased as the distance to the fertilizers increased. The results indicated the intensive available N release from the fertilizers and easy movement of fertilizer N. Taking into account of dense roots in cultivated soil layers and easy migration of N fertilizers, broadcast application of N fertilizers could be efficient in the middle growing periods of crops. There was neither obvious influence of urea application on urease activity nor significant correlation between urease activity and NH4+-N in the soil. Therefore, it seems reasonable to suggest that urea hydrolysis catalyzed by urease might be fast, unlikely the rate-limiting step in the process of urea transformation into NH4+-N. Further study showed the high activities of saccharase and protease in the soil only at 0.25 cm from the organic fertilizers added either in pure rape straw or mixture with urea. Saccharase and protease on the interface between organic fertilizer and soil could thus accelerate N release of organic fertilizers as available forms through organic N decomposition, resulting in the high available N pools in the soil near organic fertilizers.

• Periodical: Advanced Materials Research (Volumes 610-613)
• Pages: 3027-3033
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.610-613.3027
• Online since: December 2012
• Authors: Da Lan Feng, Yan Jin, Yu Hong Yang, Jian Guo Huang
• Keywords: Nitrogen, Protease, Saccharase, Urease

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