Advanced Materials Research Vols. 622-623

Abstract: The shape of a house significantly affects the amount of heat loss. Compact building, especially without various projections, has a smaller proportion of the cooled surface of the floor surface area and its volume. The ideal shape is a sphere, but in terms of practical use in the cube or block layout is preferable. For this purpose, were created on the same ground plan standards areas and various levels of the circuit. These demonstrate the amount of heat loss, depending on the shape of the object.

Abstract: During oil and gas development, high pressure, high temperature and non-uniform earth stress increase the complexity of stresses in well bore which is composed of casing, cement sheath and formation. In order to obtain well bore stresses in hostile conditions, a new model is established with cement sheath and formation are treated as different materials. To predict well bore stresses rapidly, stress conversion coefficients are obtained that may change loads into stresses at key points conveniently.

Abstract: For analyzing the exact stress field, the exact displacement field and the exact temperature field in axisymmetric thermoelastic circular cylinder with transversely isotropic, the refined theory of an axisymmetric circular cylinder was researched. Without ad hoc assumptions, the refined equation of an axisymmetric thermoelastic circular cylinder with transversely isotropic was obtained, which yields Bessel's function and the solution of the cylinder directly from the general solution. By dropping terms of high order, the approximate solutions are derived for a circular cylinder under radial direction surface loading. At last, we study the approximate equations with the temperature effect.

Abstract: Ecological Engineering methods are engineering methods that follow the laws of nature and accord with the natural environment. Based on the ecological laws of the land and water margins, this paper practice and apply the design concept and method of ecological engineering methods in the artificial wetland revetment design for the purpose of revetment conservation and appreciation.

Abstract: Based on the principle of food web, this present attempts to discuss various methods to manage the aquatic plant in the city. In the ecological design of urban waterscape, to design the habitat and recover the food web is very important. It can reduce and control pollution; protect and improve the ecological environment, water environment; and maintain the diversity, stability and continuity of the eco-system.

Abstract: There are numerous water resource development projects in the Nam Kam River Basin of Nakhon Phanom province in the northeastern part of Thailand. The Nam Kam River Basin is one of the Greater Mekong’s tributaries and covers an area of approximately 3,440 square kilometers. The operation of the development projects situated along the basin must be in a manner that avoids salt solution diffusing into the nearby areas and protects the existing irrigation systems and reservoirs from large amounts of salt seepage. Since saline soil, salt crusts and ancient land salt pits have been found on the ground surface of the Nam Kam Basin, the purpose of this research is to investigate the saline areas by interpreting the satellite images. The interpreted satellite images were mapped and the results were validated against the actual field data. The salinity of soil and water was measured by the electrical conductivity meter and laboratory testing. The preliminary investigation of the study area showed two groups of the saline areas: saline soil spots and ancient land salt pits. Certain difficulties remained in the interpretation of the satellite images, such as the inability to classify the degree of salinity with accuracy and the outdated data in the areas with human involvement. The saline soil spots occupied by landowners are mostly improved for agriculture; on the contrary, the ancient land salt pits are operated only by a few villagers during the summer. Even though in summer 2012, the local office of Royal Irrigation Department flooded the ancient salt pits to protect them from salt farming, the villagers continue producing salt, thereby causing salinity to spread more widely. The study reveals that monitoring of salinity of the water and soil is necessary and is currently carried out jointly by academics, the local community, and agencies responsible for the irrigation projects in the study area.

Abstract: This paper presents an approach to risk assessment in the enterprise, helping its sustainable development. The important aspects of enterprise sustainability are: the importance of elevating goals, risk identification within the four responsibilities: technological, environmental, economic and social, integration of technological management through "technological resources" and Corporate Social Responsibility. The complexity of this paper is argued by the adopted procedure and by the multidisciplinary way of solving the theme and the estimated results (using modern means of information and communication technology and management). This research facilitates to development a complete solution for risk assessment. The developed logic diagram underlies the software implementation which was tested in a Romanian enterprise.

Abstract: The Tarim basin is an important petroleum basin in China, which produces a large amount of oil and gas resources. This paper calculates the geotemperature of the middle-upper Ordovician basal boundary during the main geological periods using the one-dimensional steady-state heat conduction equation. The simulation result reveals that from the late Ordovician to the present, the Manjiaer sag in the Tabei depression retains the highest temperature in the Tarim basin, and its highest temperature reaches 400°C in the present, while other areas in the Tarim basin have undergone relatively low temperature. Only in the Manjiaer sag of the Tabei depression and the Yecheng and Tanggubasi sags in the Southwest depression, the temperature exceeds 250°C, reaching the condition of liquid oil cracking into gas. Geotemperature of the middle-upper Ordovician basal boundary in the Tahe oilfield of the Central uplift is lower than 250 °C. It is thus inferred that there are abundant oil resources in the Ordovician strata of the Tahe oilfield. This study may provide effective geotemperature data for the next petroleum exploration in the Tarim basin.

Abstract: The Tarim basin is an important petroleum basin in China, and the Cambrian strata are the major source rock successions in the basin. Integrated the source rock depositional and structural history with its geochemical and thermal parameters, this paper simulates the evolution of the Cambrian source rocks with the software Basinview. The simulation result shows that the main hydrocarbon-generation centers of the Manjiaer sag in the Tabei depression and the Tangguzibasi sag in the Southwest depression are characterized by their early hydrocarbon generation, and in the late Ordovician depositional age, they reached dry gas stage. The Kuqa and Southwest depressions developed in the Cenozoic foreland basins made the Cambrian source rocks mature rapidly in the Cenozoic period. The source rock maturity in the Tarim basin now is characterized by high in the east and west and low in the middle, and most of the area is in the over-mature stage in the present. This study can provide available maturity data for the next petroleum exploration work.

Abstract: We use reed alkali lignin to extract heavy metal adsorbent with the method of phenol modification. Then we study how the phenols addition amount, reaction temperature and reaction time affect the modified products’ adsorption of heavy metal. The results are as follows. The best adsorption of Pb2+, Cd2+, Cr3+ can be got when phenols addition amount is 4g, the reaction temperature is100°C and the reaction time is 90 min. Compared with alkali lignin, the adsorption rate gets an obvious improvement. The removal rate of Pb2+ rises from 92.4 to 97.8%. The removal rate of Cd2+ rises from 44.5 to 63.8%. The removal rate of Cr3+ rises from 43.4 to 62.5%. Also the adsorption rate improves with the increase of phenolic hydroxyl, which shows that the phenolic hydroxylfacilitates adsorption.