Advanced Materials Research Vol. 699

Abstract: A series of fluorescent methods of analysis and investigation of system based on the use of stilbenes and potentially important in biochemistry, biophysics, biotechnology, and biomedicine were proposed and developed. In these methods, two new types of stilbene molecular probes have been used: (i) fluorescent photochrome molecules and (ii) super molecules containing fluorescent and fluorescent quenching segments. These methods utilize the following photochemical and photophysical phenomena: the fluorescence and phosphorescence quenching, photochrome photoisomerization, and triplet–triplet and singlet–singlet energy transfer. The fluorescence properties of the new probes were intensively exploited as the basis of several methodologies that include a real-time analysis of nitric oxide, immunoassay in solution, investigation of molecular dynamics of biomembranes in a wide range characteristic times, and characterization of sensors for antibodies. These techniques may be adapted to fibro-optic sensoring.

Abstract: The Ti/SnO₂-Sb electrode with/without Er were manufactured by Pechini’s method. The electrodes were characterized using SEM, EDS, XRD, FT-IR, the oxygen evolution potential test and their electro-catalytic abilities were evaluated though nitenpyram degradation. XRD and FT-IR results showed that the structure of the electrodes were Sn-base sosoloid without Er and Sb phases. The Er³⁺ iron entering the unit cell of SnO₂ (Sn⁴⁺) could cause the grain refinement, the surface enrichment of Sb and Er, stronger water absorbability, and higher anode potential. These consequently generated more active sites and less oxygen vacancies on the anode surface, leading the improving of the electro-catalytic performance. The grain refinement mechanism for Er doping may be ascribed to the increase of the surface composition supercooling, the acceleration of the SnO₂ generation rate, and the restrain of its growth rate.

Abstract: A preparation technology, characterization and release performance of pterostilbene cyclodextrin inclusion is investigated.

Abstract: Acid treatment is one of the cheapest techniques and least applicable processes in the recycling of used lubricating oils. In this work, the performance of sulphuric acid in the treatment used oil was studied. The effects of the critical treatment parameters (acid volume, concentration of the acid, treatment temperature, stirring time and treatment time) were investigated by varying one treatment parameter at a time and analysing metal content in the sample of the treated oil using atomic absorption spectrometry (ASS). Thereafter, an optimal solution was determined by the combination of the optimum values of each treatment parameters. The original conventional treatment parameter values, resulted in 13.2 ppm and thereafter was optimised to 11 ppm this showed a definite improvement in efficiency. This result is also comparable to other data obtained in previously studied work which employed the same conventional treatment parameters. The optimal solution is within 10% variation as compared the standard individual metal content which ranges 0-10 ppm.

Abstract: Purpose: To explore the anti-proliferation effect of the Shenfouweikang in treatment of chronic atrophy gastrititis. Methods: Wistar rat was used as the experimental model. The rats were divided into three groups, one control and the two drug administration experimental groups. Animals in the two experimental groups received either Shenfouweikang or Dele granule over a 90-day period starting at the first day after drug administration. Animals received saline as controls. All the rats were sacrificed at 91 days after treatment. The anti-proliferation effect was assessed by two ways: (1) The weight was periodically measured during the life of the animals. (2) The morphological changes of gastric mucous were examined by pathology analysis. (3) The expression of heat shock protein 70 was detected by immunohistochemistry. Results: Compared with controls and Dele granular powder, the dysplasia in rat chronic atrophy gastrititis model was significantly inhibited and reversed in the Shenfouweikang decoction group. The expression of heat shock protein 70 was decreased after Shenfouweikang herbs treatment. Conclusion: Shenfouweikang herbs could produce anti-proliferation effect through reversing the dysplasia of chronic atrophy gastrititis through down-regulating the expression of heat shock protein 70.

Abstract: Oxidation of nitenpyram in aqueous media by electro-Fenton process using carbon/polytetrafluoroethylene (C/PTFE) O2-fed cathode has been studied in this article. ABO3 perovskite was used in electrode as catalyst of improving Fenton reaction efficiency. And the parameters for nitenpyram degradation with the electrode were determined by Central Composite Design-Response Surface Methodology. Current intensity 0.35A and pH 3.34 provided the optimum catalytic degradation. Furthermore, the main degradation intermediates formed during electro-Fenton oxidation treatment were studied with liquid chromatography and mass spectroscopy (LC-MS) method. The main aromatic intermediates of electro-Fenton reaction were allowed to compose a complete mineralization pathway.

Abstract: The interaction between Rdlβ5 GABA receptors of house fly before and after mutation and AVM was considered as the reason that AVM cause the insect death and investigated with Sybylx1.1 software. The docking results showed that the hydrogen bond and hydrophobic interaction played an important role among the complexes of Rdlβ5 GABA receptor and avermectin. Hydrogen bond of 2.217 Å formed between B/Ser58 of GABA receptor and atom O42 of avermectin before mutation, 1.953 Å hydrogen bond formed between A/Gln6 of GABA receptor and hydroxyl (C₇) of avermectin after mutation. In addition, our results indicated that the binding free energy (ΔE) of AVM and GABA receptors increased 3.59 kcal mol⁻¹ after mutation, which was consistent with the experimental phenomenon of the insecticidal resistance to AVM.

Abstract: During the manufacture of recycled paper, paper sludge is discharged as an industrial waste. The amount of sludge discharged from manufacturing plants increases annually. In this study, the organic constituents, such as cellulose, in the sludge were converted into carbonaceous heavy metal absorbents using sulfur treatment. Paper sludge was washed with 5 M HCl solution to remove inorganic content, and then immersed in 1 M K2S solution for 24 h. After immersion, the sample was heated at 800 °C for 1 h under N2 atmosphere, and then cooled to room temperature to obtain the product. The sludge was mainly composed of inorganic content, such as calcite, kaolinite and talc, and organic content. Calcite was removed with acid washing and sulfur was impregnated into the sludge by immersing it into the K2S solution. The product with sulfur impregnation indicated higher removal abilities for lead and nickel than those without sulfur impregnation.

Abstract: The presence of salts in water is a common phenomenon that leads to scale problems under certain operating conditions. The formation of scale from water is troublesome problem .these deposits may be found in domestic hot water heaters and in several of cooling water systems such as heat exchangers. These deposits are undesirable because such uncontrolled scale may build up to such an extent that flow through pipes is reduced as well as fouling. More over this problem leads to shut down of the plant units consequently.this may increase the production and maintenance costs The objective of this study is to evaluate and predict scale formation in different locations for Libyan water sources. and classify ground and surface water from corrosion and scale problem , using proper soft wares for calculating Langeliar saturation index (LSI). Many factors affecting scale and corrosion were involved in this study among of them temperature and PH of water as well as the chemical composition. The results of this study indicate the state of water wells for nine cities of Libya All water samples show that the scale tendency is affected by temperature of the wells and independent on wells depth .

Abstract: In order to inhibit non-enzymatic browning in clarified Fuji apple juice during storage, four kinds of cation exchange resins were compared for their abilities to exchange and remove amino acids, the reaction substrates of non-enzymatic browning in apple juice. The favorite resin, LSI-100, was screened to carry out static and dynamic adsorption experiments. The results showed that LSI-100 cation exchange resin had the best capacity for adsorption and removal amino acids. The equilibrium time of LSI-100 resin for amino acids was 3.5h.And the isotherm of LSI-100 resin could be described by Freundlich at 20°C. Additionally, the flow rates, temperature and concentrations of amino acids in apple juice affected the dynamic kinetic curves of LSI-100 cation exchange resin and the better dynamic exchange and adsorption parameters were as follows: flow rate 4BV/h, temperature 50°C,and amino acid concentration 30mg/100g apple juice.