Aluminum Oxide Nanoparticles Upregulate ED1 Expression in Rat Olfactory Bulbs by Repeated Intranasal Instillation

Abstract:

Respiratory route is one of the major exposure routes to nanoparticles. The environmental agent aluminum is intensively investigated for the association with development of neurodegeneration. To evaluate potential neurotoxicity induced by aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃) nanoparticles, male rats were intranasally instilled with 0.1 or 1 (Al) mg/kg nanoAl₂O₃ or aluminum chloride (AlCl₃) every two days for 60 days, using pure water as vehicle control. Neurotoxicity effects were determined by behavioural studies and immunohistochemistry staining of ED1 and beta-amyloid precursor protein (Aβ). Neither of nanoAl₂O₃ treated groups showed significant alterations in Morris water maze tests, however, increased escape latency were observed in 1mg/kg AlCl₃ treated rats. Further, upregulation of ED1 expression were showed in olfactory bulb of 1 mg/kg nanoAl₂O₃ and AlCl₃ exposed rats. Massive Aβ expressions were observed in whole brain of 1mg/kg (Al) AlCl₃ treated rats. ED1 expression is a marker of microglia/macrophages activation, suggesting stimulus of Al₂O₃ nanoparticles to microglia/macrophages located in olfactory bulb and perivascular areas. In these studies, Al₂O₃ nanoparticles didnt show any alterations on spacial learning behaviours of rats and expression of Aβ of neuron, therefore, display lower neural effects than AlCl₃.

• Periodical: Advanced Materials Research (Volume 716)
• Pages: 3-9
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.716.3
• Online since: July 2013
• Authors: Xiao Bo Li, Ran Liu, Ge Yu Liang, Li Hong Yin, Hao Zheng
• Keywords: Aluminum Oxide, Microglia, Nanoparticle, Olfactory Bulb

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